Malinga ndi malamulo a wolf pack ...

Ndi nthano zotani zomwe sizinapedwe za mimbulu! Chilombo chowopsya chomwe chimangoganiza kung'amba ndi kudya aliyense wozungulira, ndi chilango chachitsulo ndi mantha a ulamuliro wapamwamba pagulu. Komabe, zenizeni, monga momwe kafukufuku amasonyezera, sizikugwirizana ndi izi tsankho. Kodi gulu la nkhandwe limakhala ndi malamulo ati?

Chithunzi: mimbulu. Chithunzi: pixabay.com

banja lenileni

Anthu nthawi zonse anali ndi mantha komanso amadana ndi mimbulu. Mwachitsanzo, mu nthawi ya Soviet, nkhandwe inkaonedwa ngati "zamoyo zosafunikira", pafupifupi parasitic. Anamenyana naye ndi njira zankhanza kwambiri, kufuna kumupha kotheratu. Koma, ngakhale izi, mimbulu ndi mitundu yokhala ndi malo ambiri. Ndipo zonse chifukwa cha luntha lawo lodabwitsa komanso kuthekera kogwirizana.

Asayansi amene amaphunzira mimbulu amalemekeza kwambiri zilombozi. Ndipo amalankhula za iwo nthawi zambiri ngati anthu, nthawi zonse amajambula kufanana ndi ife (kalanga, osati nthawi zonse mokomera mtundu wa Homo sapiens).

Gulu la nkhandwe ndi banja lenileni, m'lingaliro lonse la mawu. Monga lamulo, imakhala ndi magulu atatu azaka:

• Awiri achikulirewo ndi nkhandwe zomwe zimaswana. Izi ndi zomwe nthawi zina zimatchedwa anthu alpha.
• Pereyarki - achinyamata azaka 1 - 2.
• Phindu, kapena ana agalu - nkhandwe ana osakwana chaka chimodzi.

Mosiyana ndi zomwe anthu ambiri amakhulupirira, palibe mzere wotsogola m'banja la nkhandwe. Inde, pali gulu lalikulu, koma gulu la nkhandwe lili ndi gawo lovuta momwe nyama zina zimatha kutengapo gawo lofunikira kwambiri kuposa atsogoleri. 

Aliyense amatenga ntchito yomwe angathe kuchita bwino kuposa ena, ndipo kugawa ntchito kumakhala ndi gawo lalikulu pa moyo wa paketi.

Ndipo m'banja la nkhandwe, kugwirizana pakati pa anthu pawokha kumatenga gawo lalikulu.

Mu chithunzi: gulu la mimbulu. Chithunzi: wikimedia.org

Mamembala a paketi asonkhananso mchaka. Amatha kuyenda m'magulu komanso payekha, koma izi sizikutanthauza kuti paketiyo yasweka. Ndi iko komwe, ngati mwanyamuka kupita kuntchito m’maŵa, kodi ndiye kuti simulinso m’banja mwanu? Momwemonso mimbulu: imatha kuchita bizinesi yawo mtunda wautali, kenako ndikubwerera kubanja lonse.

Kulira ndi njira imene mimbulu imalankhulirana. Mwachitsanzo, anthu a m’gululo akabalalika, amalira kuti amvetse komwe aliyense wa iwo ali. Mwa njira, mimbulu silira mwezi - imangokweza mitu yawo, chifukwa ndizosatheka kulira ndi mutu wotsitsidwa.

Kukonda moyo

Mimbulu ndi okwatirana okhulupirika. Awiriwa amapangidwa kwa moyo wonse, ndipo yaimuna imatenga nawo mbali posamalira ana ndi kulera ana. Chiwembu pakati pa mimbulu sichichitika ndipo palibe.

Chithunzi: mimbulu. Chithunzi: www.pxhere.com

Komanso, ngakhale nkhandwe itenga gawo lalikulu m'banja, yaikazi, yomwe ili ndi ana ang'onoang'ono, imakhala yaukali komanso yofuna kwambiri kwa mwamuna wake. Choncho Nkhandweyo imakokera chakudya chake mosatopa, ndipo ikangodya kukhuta, imadyetsa ana ake ndikuyamba kudzaza, imatha kupuma momasuka ndipo pamapeto pake imadya ndikupumula yokha.

Ana aang'ono - zovuta zazing'ono

Ana a Wolf amabadwa m'chaka ndipo mpaka miyezi inayi samachoka kumalo otchedwa "center" - pakati pa gawo la paketi. Panthawiyi, amalankhulana ndi makolo awo okha ndipo ngakhale osawona abale ndi alongo awo, omwe amapita kukakhala m'mphepete mwa malo.

M'dzinja, pamene pereyarki amaloledwanso kupita kumoto, amadziŵa ana. Ndipo pofika nyengo yachisanu, gulu lonse la nkhosa limalamuliranso kwambiri dera lonse limene limayang’anira. Koma achichepere (ana a nkhandwe mpaka chaka chimodzi) amachita mwanzeru komanso mosamala, ana amawopa chilichonse chatsopano komanso chosadziwika bwino.

Chochititsa chidwi: Mimbulu yamatabwa imakhala ndi amuna ambiri m'zinyalala kuposa akazi.

Chithunzi: flickr.com

Achinyamata amenewo!

Momwe ana a nkhandwe amakhala amanyazi komanso osamala, achinyamata (pereyarki) amakhala ndi chidwi komanso osasamala pang'ono. Iwo ali okonzeka kugwedeza mphuno zawo kulikonse, kulikonse kumene amathamangira kaye. Ndipo ngati muwona nkhandwe itaima m'nkhalango ndikukuyang'anani mosamalitsa - mwina, uyu ndi wachinyamata wokonda chidwi yemwe akuphunzira za dziko lapansi.

M'chaka, pamene ana atsopano amabadwa, oyendetsa ndege a chaka chimodzi amathamangitsidwa kuchoka pamoto kupita kumphepete mwa malowa, kumene amakhala m'magulu a achinyamata komanso payekha.

Chithunzi: flickr.com

Mwa njira, ma ungulates omwe amakhala m'mphepete mwa gawo la nkhandwe amakhala ndi nkhawa kwambiri kuposa omwe amakhala pafupi ndi khola la nkhandwe. Izi zikufotokozedwa mophweka: ngati mimbulu yachikulire ikusaka mwanzeru, musathamangitse wozunzidwayo kwa nthawi yayitali, kuti musawononge mphamvu pachabe (ngati simunathe kuzigwira nthawi yomweyo, ndiye kuti ndibwino kuti muyang'ane zopezekapo. nyama), ndiye kuti zowulukirazi zimatengeka ndipo mosangalala zimatha kuthamangitsa munthu yemwe angakhale wozunzidwa kwa nthawi yayitali. 

Komabe, mphamvu ya zoyesayesa zawo ndizochepa. Kawirikawiri, kusaka bwino kwa nkhandwe kumakhala pafupifupi 30% ya milandu yonse, pamene achinyamata nthawi zambiri amapempha chakudya kuchokera kwa okwatirana akuluakulu kuposa momwe amachitira chifukwa chofala, kotero iwo sakhala othandizira, koma olemetsa.

Koma kulephera kulikonse kwa nkhandwe ndi chokumana nacho chowonjezereka kwa wozunzidwayo, chotero achichepere, mosadziwa, amaphunzitsa alonda kukhala anzeru ndi osamala. Ndipo amathamangitsidwa kuti azikhala pafupi ndi malo ofikirako - ndi mimbulu yachikulire, nguluwe zakutchire, mbawala zamphongo ndi agwape zimakhala zodekha kusiyana ndi pereyarki wosakhazikika.

Kupitilira kwa mibadwo

Atakula, pereyarki nthawi zambiri amachoka kukafunafuna wokwatirana naye ndikupanga banja lawo. Komabe, zimachitika kuti nkhandwe yaying'ono, itapeza "mwamuna", imabwera kudzabala ana a nkhandwe kwa makolo awo. Ndiyeno, pamene okwatirana akale akakalamba akalamba ndipo, mwachitsanzo, nkhandwe ikafa, banjali lachinyamata limatenga malo a atsogoleri. Ndipo nkhandwe yokalambayo imakhalabe moyo wake wonse pafupi ndi achichepere paudindo wa agogo ake.

Ngati pali akazi awiri obereketsa m'gulu la ziweto - mwachitsanzo, mayi ndi mwana wamkazi, omwe, ndithudi, amapeza "mwamuna" pambali, ndiye kuti phokoso la makolo okalamba limasintha nthawi yoyamba kuposa wamng'ono. Choncho, sizichitika kuti akazi awiri nthawi imodzi "amagunda mahomoni m'mutu", ndipo n'zotheka kupewa mikangano.

Koma zazikazi ziwiri zazikulu pagulu la ziweto ndizosowa kwambiri. Kupatula apo, ngati mimbulu yaamuna pa mikangano iwonetsa nkhanza kuposa momwe amayesera kugwiritsira ntchito mano, ndiye kuti akazi awiri akalimbana, likhala tsoka. Ichi ndichifukwa chake nthawi zambiri zimachitika kuti mu paketi muli mimbulu iwiri yaimuna akulu kuposa mimbulu iwiri yayikulu.

Chithunzi: flickr.com

mtengo wapamwamba

Mimbulu imasamalira ana ang'onoang'ono, ndipo ana a nkhandwe amakhala ndi vuto losawonongeka pagulu. Zoonadi, pali chenjezo limodzi - ngati alenje apeza ana a nkhandwe, mimbulu yachikulire sichiteteza ana obadwa kumene: moyo wa nkhandwe wamkulu "umadula" zambiri.

Komabe, izi sizikutanthauza kuti mimbulu singathe kuchitapo kanthu chifukwa cha wina. Altruism ndi chinthu chomwe sichinapangidwe ndi munthu. Mimbulu ndi okonzeka kuchita zambiri kwa membala aliyense wa paketi, kuphatikizapo kumenyana ndi kudzimana.

Tanthauzo la moyo wa mimbulu ndi ubale wina ndi mzake, mtengo wa banja. Ngati mmodzi wa anthu a m’banjamo aphedwa, zimakhala zomvetsa chisoni kwa ena onse, ndipo amalira moona mtima.

Pulofesa, wofufuza za mimbulu Yason Badridze ananena pa imodzi mwa nkhani zake kuti munthu anabwera ndi malamulo 10 omwe amaphwanya nthawi zonse, koma mimbulu m'lingaliro ili ndi yosiyana ndi ife - malamulo awo amalemekezedwa mopatulika. Ndipo ngati chiwawa cha munthu m'modzi chikadutsa m'chizoloŵezi, anthu onse ammudzi amagwirizana kutsutsana ndi izi, ndipo munthu woteroyo sadzapeza bwenzi, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti majiniwa sangapatsidwe mibadwo yotsatira.

Chithunzi: pixnio.com

Kudzipereka kwa nkhandwe kumawonetsedwa bwino ndi nkhani imodzi.

Mimbulu ingapo inkaweta pogwiritsa ntchito mbendera. Adazunguliridwa, ndipo zidapezeka kuti kunalibe mimbulu pamalipiro ... ayi. Ndipo pamene anthu anayamba “kuwerenga” zimene zinachitika, panapezeka chinthu chodabwitsa.

Yamphongo inalumpha mbendera, koma yaikaziyo inakhalabe mkati. Nkhandweyo inabwerera ku malipiro, "anakambirana", ndipo adalumphanso - koma nkhandweyo sinayese. Kenako yamphongo inaluma ndi chingwe, ndipo mbendera zinagwa pansi pamtunda wa pafupifupi theka la mita kuchokera kwa wina ndi mzake, koma mkaziyo sanayese kusiya malipiro. Ndipo nkhandweyo anatenga mapeto a chingwe m'mano ake ndi kukokera mbendera pambali, kumasula ndimeyi yotakata, kenako onse anapulumutsidwa.

Komabe, mimbulu imasunga zinsinsi zambiri ndi zinsinsi. Ndipo ngakhale kuti anthu ndi mimbulu akhala limodzi kwa zaka masauzande ambiri, sitikudziwabe zambiri za nyama zolusa zochititsa chidwizi.

Mwina ngati tipeza nzeru mwa ife tokha kuti tigonjetse tsankho lakale lolimbana ndi nyama zodabwitsa, zanzeru kwambiri, zidzatidabwitsa kangapo.