Alopecia mu agalu

Kodi alopecia ndi chiyani? Alopecia ndi vuto la kutayika tsitsi. Pali kuyang'ana ndi kusiyanitsa, angapo ndi amodzi, otupa ndi osatupa, ofananira osati. Vutoli ndi lofala kwambiri mwa agalu. Pankhani ya pafupipafupi zomwe zimachitika mu dermatology, imakhala yachiwiri pambuyo poyabwa, ngakhale imatha kuphatikizidwa nayo.

Zizindikiro za alopecia

Mwiniwake amatha kuona malo opanda tsitsi pakhungu la chiweto. Non-inflammatory alopecia imadziwika kokha chifukwa cha kusowa kwa tsitsi la alonda ndi undercoat. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, khungu m'derali likuwoneka lathanzi. Ndi kutupa alopecia, kuyabwa nthawi zambiri kumakhalapo, kachidindo kamakhala kofiira, mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana amatha kuwoneka: kutumphuka, kukokoloka, zilonda, papules ndi pustules. Ngati maonekedwe a alopecia akugwirizana ndi matenda a systemic, ndiye kuti zizindikiro zowonjezereka zingakhalepo, mwachitsanzo, kuledzera, kusowa kwa njala.

Gulu la mitundu ya alopecia

Pali mitundu ingapo ya gulu la alopecia mwa agalu:

• mwa chiyambi (zotupa ndi zosapweteka);
• potengera malo (multifocal, symmetrically bilateral, localization);
• pa nthawi ya mawonetseredwe (kubadwa ndi kupeza).

Kuvuta kukhazikitsa mtundu wa alopecia kumabwera chifukwa cha kusowa kwa dongosolo lamagulu ogwirizana, kuchuluka kwa zomwe zimayambitsa ndi zizindikiro za matendawa.

Zoyambitsa maonekedwe 

Mitundu yonse ya zomwe zimayambitsa alopecia zitha kuchepetsedwa kukhala magulu awiri. Alopecia imachitika pazifukwa zotsatirazi:

• mahomoni;
• osati mahomoni.

Maguluwa ali ndi mawonekedwe awo - ndi kukanika kwa mahomoni, mapangidwe a symmetrically ali foci amadziwika. Ndi chikhalidwe chosakhala cha mahomoni cha alopecia, foci imapezeka mwachisawawa. Matupi awo sagwirizana ndi kuyambitsa kwa mankhwala kapena pa malo oyamba a wothandizila matenda kumaonekera mu mawonekedwe a cholinga chimodzi. Zomwe zimayambitsa tsitsi la agalu zomwe sizikhala ndi mahomoni ndizo:

• thupi lawo siligwirizana (chakudya, mankhwala, hay fever, kukhudzana, kulumidwa ndi tizirombo toyamwa magazi);
• matenda a bakiteriya ndi fungal;
• matenda a parasitic;
• kutukusira kwa tiziwalo timene timatulutsa khungu;
• kuwonongeka kwa khungu (vitiligo);
• kusowa kwa zinc.

Mitundu ndi zomwe zimayambitsa alopecia

Pali mitundu yambiri ndi zomwe zimayambitsa alopecia. Ganizirani zomwe zimayambitsa komanso zomwe zimachitika kawirikawiri. Palinso mitundu ingapo ya alopecia yomwe sichirikidwe kapena safuna chithandizo.

• Majeremusi. Chifukwa chofala cha alopecia. Komanso, olakwa sangakhale utitiri ndi demodectic nthata, amene amayambitsa kuyabwa ndi kudzikonda anachititsa alopecia, komanso tizilombo tina: ntchentche, midges, udzudzu.

• Atopic dermatitis. Chifukwa cha kuyabwa, galu amapeza alopecia, nthawi zambiri asymmetric ndi kutupa. Zizindikiro zachipatala ndi zotupa (kumayambiriro kwa matendawa ndi erythema, pambuyo pake, monga lamulo, zizindikiro za matenda achiwiri ndi zizindikiro za kutupa kosatha zidzawonjezedwa - lichenification ndi hyperpigmentation) yomwe ili pamphuno (mozungulira maso, pamphuno). milomo), mu groin ndi m'khwapa, kuzungulira anus , komanso mu malo interdigital ndi makutu ngalande. Ndipo ndithudi kuyabwa.

• Dermatophytosis. Dermatophytosis ndi matenda a pakhungu, tsitsi, ndi misomali omwe amayamba chifukwa cha bowa wamtundu wa Microsporum, Trichophiton, kapena Epidermophyton. Zizindikiro zodziwika bwino za alopecia ndi makulitsidwe, makamaka kumaso, mutu, ndi mapazi. Kuyabwa ndi kutupa nthawi zambiri kumakhala kochepa, koma nthawi zina mawonekedwe a pruritic, pustular, ndi crusty amatha kufanana ndi ziwengo, parasitosis, miliary dermatitis, pyoderma, kapena pemphigus foliaceus.

• Alopecia X. X (X) - popeza chomwe chimayambitsa chitukuko sichidziwikabe. Nthawi zambiri imayamba mwa agalu onga spitz. Alopecia si yotupa m'chilengedwe. Kutaya tsitsi kumakhala kofala kwambiri pamchira ndi torso.

• Alopecia pambuyo pa kumeta. Imakula mwa agalu pambuyo podula makina. Zifukwa sizikudziwikiratu. Alopecia si kutupa. Zitha kukhala zosakhazikika, kuchuluka kosiyana. Ubweya umayamba kumera wokha pakatha miyezi 3-6.

• Kuthamanga kwa alopecia. Amapangidwa m'malo mwazovuta kwambiri za ubweya. Ikhoza kugwirizana ndi kupanga ma tangles. Zimapezekanso mwa agalu omwe amamangidwa mwamphamvu kwambiri pamutu pawo, monga Yorkshire Terriers ndi Malta. Ndi njira yayitali, tsitsi silingamerenso.

• Alopecia cyclic lateral. Nthawi zambiri imadziwika ndi nyengo, imapezeka kumapeto kwa autumn ndipo imamera ubweya pafupi ndi chilimwe. Kugonja kumawoneka ngati mapu a malo. Chithandizo sichofunikira.

• Diluted alopecia. Matenda a autoimmune omwe safuna chithandizo. Nthawi zambiri amakula mwa agalu okhala ndi mithunzi yambiri ya ubweya - lilac, buluu.

• Chitsanzo cha Alopecia. Noninflammatory alopecia. Nthawi zina pangakhale kusenda pang'ono kwa khungu. Zoseweretsa, dachshunds, Greyhounds aku Italy, Whippets, Boston Terriers ndizomwe zimakhudzidwa kwambiri. Madera a hypotrichosis ndi alopecia amawonekera kale ali aang'ono ndipo amatha kupita patsogolo pakapita nthawi. Matendawa amakhala ndi symmetry wa zotupa okha madera ena a thupi. Pali mitundu itatu yayikulu ya matenda alopecia: pinna alopecia, ventral alopecia, ndi caudal ntchafu alopecia. Chithandizo sichofunikira.

• Follicular dysplasia ya tsitsi. Ndi matenda osowa, omwe akukula mochedwa kumene kukanika kwa ma follicles kumabweretsa kutayika tsitsi komanso kusokonezeka kwamtundu wa tsitsi. Palibe mankhwala enieni a follicular dysplasia. Therapy zachokera kuchiza khungu kukhala yachibadwa kukonzanso khungu ndi yachibadwa follicular chitukuko, komanso kulamulira matenda yachiwiri. 

• Alopecia pamalo opangira jakisoni. Nthawi zambiri akufotokozera ndi subcutaneous makonzedwe a mankhwala okhala progesterone, glucocorticosteroids kapena katemera wa chiwewe, komanso ndi kumayambiriro ena mankhwala.

• Adenitis ya zotupa za sebaceous. Pang'ono ndi kwambiri flaking khungu. Mu agalu atsitsi lalifupi, mamba nthawi zambiri amakhala owonda ndipo samamatira mwamphamvu pakhungu. Mu agalu atsitsi lalitali, mamba amamangiriridwa mwamphamvu kutsitsi, ndipo malaya amatha kukhala osasunthika, owuma, kapena osakanikirana; Nthawi zambiri pali follicular casts. Islet (m'magulu atsitsi lalifupi) kapena kufalikira (m'mitundu yatsitsi lalitali) alopecia nthawi zambiri amawonedwa. Imapezeka kwambiri ku Poodles ndi Akitas, koma imatha kupezeka mumtundu uliwonse.

• Hyperestrogenism. Kuwonjezeka kwa mahomoni ogonana achikazi mwa amuna kungayambitse alopecia kapena hypotrichosis, makamaka pamimba ndi pamimba. Palinso kutsika kwa prepuce, hyperplasia ya mammary glands.

• Hyperadrenocorticism. Ndi hyperfunction ya adrenal glands, pamimba sags, minofu atrophy, ndi symmetrical osatupa alopecia kumachitika.

• Hypothyroidism. Kuchepa kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro kumabweretsa mawonekedwe a dazi. Alopecia yokhala ndi khungu lokhuthala, lopaka pigment, komanso lozizira (myxedema) ndi chizindikiro chodziwika bwino. Mavuto omwe amapezeka pakhungu amaphatikiza malaya owuma, ophulika, owuma, seborrhea, makulitsidwe, hyperpigmentation, ndi matenda achiwiri. Alopecia ikhoza kungokhala mchira ndi mlatho wa mphuno.

• Zinc-wodalira dermatosis agalu. Matenda osowa mwa agalu chifukwa cha kuchepa kwathunthu kapena wachibale wa zinc. Pali ma syndromes awiri a matendawa. Syndrome I imawonedwa muzakudya zomwe zili ndi zinc wamba. Pakamwa, maso, masaya ndi makutu, erythema, alopecia, mapangidwe nkhanambo (crusts), peeling ndi suppuration (ndi Kuwonjezera matenda yachiwiri). Poyambirira, zotupa zapakhungu zimachitika m'dera lamutu, koma zotupa zapakhungu zimatheka paziwopsezo - ma elbows, hocks, komanso kumaliseche ndi anus. Chovalacho chikhoza kuwoneka chosasunthika komanso chowuma. Ndi kusowa kwa zinc kwa nthawi yayitali, kuchepa thupi, kuwonongeka kwa machiritso a bala, kutupa kwa diso ndi cornea ndizotheka. 

Diagnostics

Monga momwe mwawonera kale, pali mavuto ambiri omwe amawonetsa alopecia. Mitundu yambiri safuna chithandizo. Komabe, matenda amafunikirabe, chifukwa zingakhale zovuta kudziwa mtundu wamtunduwu ndi maso. Kuti adziwe zomwe zimayambitsa ndi mtundu wa alopecia, amagwiritsa ntchito njira zofufuzira za dermatological, monga kukanda pakhungu, kuwala kwa nyali ya Wood, trichoscopy ya tsitsi kuchokera kumadera athanzi. Cytological ndi histological kufufuza pakhungu. Kuonjezera apo, kuyezetsa magazi kungafunike, zonse zoyenera komanso kuti azindikire kusintha kwa mahomoni, ultrasound.

chithandizo

Kuchiza kumafunika kuthetsa chifukwa. Malingana ndi zomwe zimayambitsa, n'zotheka kupereka chithandizo cha ectoparasites, kuchotsa zakudya. Chithandizo cha mahomoni, ngati kuli kofunikira. Pochiza x-alopecia, opaleshoni kapena kutaya kwa mankhwala kumagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka, nthawi zambiri kumapereka zotsatira zabwino, koma kungakhale kwakanthawi. Eni ake ambiri amasankha kuti asayese mankhwala, chifukwa vuto ndi vuto la zodzikongoletsera. Kuchiza kwa mitundu yoopsa ya alopecia kuyenera kuchitika ndi veterinarian. Matenda ena opatsirana kapena a endocrine amatha kuyambitsa kuwonongeka kwa chiweto, chifukwa chake musatengeke ndi kudzipangira nokha.