Makhalidwe a Doberman Pinscher komanso ngati ali oyenera kusunga m'nyumba

Wolemekezeka, wamphamvu, wokhulupirika ... Nthawi zambiri, umu ndi momwe mwamuna wokondedwa amafotokozera, koma, chodabwitsa, abale athu ang'onoang'ono amathanso kuyambitsa mayanjano ofanana. Tikukamba za galu, yemwe ndi Doberman. Chikhalidwe cha galu uyu chakhala chosangalatsa kwambiri kwa ambiri kuyambira pachiyambi chake.

Alinso ndi dzina loti "galu wa mdierekezi". Ndiye, zifukwa zotchulira dzina lotere ndi chiyani? Choyamba, zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi ukadaulo wobadwa nawo komanso mphamvu. Kachiwiri, mtunduwo umanena za ngozi yakufa. Chachitatu, galu, yemwe amathandiza apolisi pofufuza zigawenga, sizingakhale "zokoma mtima ndi zopusa".

Ndikofunikira kuti ku USA galu uyu amagwiritsidwa ntchito pachitetezo chachitetezo nthawi zambiri kuposa abusa aku Germany, Pit Bulls, Rottweilers. Mfundo ina yakale ndikugwiritsa ntchito Dobermans ndi US Navy pa nthawi ya nkhondo ya 1939-1945. Panthawi ya nkhondo ya Vietnam, oimira mtundu uwu adagwiritsidwa ntchito pazankhondo. Izi zili choncho chifukwa chakuti ankachita zinthu mosamala kwambiri m’nkhalangomo.

Monga mukuonera, cholinga chachikulu cha kusankha mtundu uwu chinali kupanga galu wothandiza padziko lonse lapansi, yemwe sayenera kukhala wankhanza, komanso wochenjera kwambiri komanso wodzipereka kwambiri kwa eni ake.

Mbiri ya chiyambi cha mtunduwo

Malo obadwira a mtundu uwu ndi Germany tawuni yaying'ono ya Apold (Thuringia). Doberman ndi agalu ang'onoang'ono omwe adawetedwa ndi wapolisi wam'deralo komanso wokhometsa msonkho, Friedrich Louis Dobermann. Ankafuna galu kuti agwire ntchito yake, koma mitundu yonse yomwe inalipo inamukhumudwitsa. Pakumvetsetsa kwake, galu woyenera ayenera kukhala wanzeru, wothamanga, wovala bwino, wofuna chisamaliro chochepa, kutalika kwapakatikati komanso waukali.

Ziwonetsero nthawi zambiri zinkachitikira ku Thuringia komwe mumatha kugula nyama. Kuyambira 1860, Dobermann sanaphonyepo chiwonetsero chimodzi chachilungamo kapena chanyama. Pamodzi ndi apolisi ndi anzawo, Dobermann anaganiza kuswana agalu abwino mtundu. Kuti abereke mtundu woyenera, adatenga agalu omwe anali amphamvu, othamanga, othamanga, ankhanza. Agalu amene ankaweta sanali agalu okhaokha. Chinthu chachikulu chinali makhalidwe awo monga mlonda wabwino.

Sizikudziwikabe kuti ndi mitundu iti yomwe idagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mtundu watsopano. Zimaganiziridwa kuti Makolo a Doberman ndi Mitundu ya agalu iyi:

• rottweilers;
• apolisi;
• boserone;
• pincher.

Kuonjezera apo, pali umboni wakuti magazi a Doberman amasakanikirana ndi magazi a Great Dane, Pointer, Greyhound ndi Gordon Setter. Dobermann ankakhulupirira kuti ndi mitundu iyi yomwe idzatulutse galu wachilengedwe chonse. Zaka zingapo pambuyo pake, mtundu watsopano wa galu unabadwa, wotchedwa Thuringian Pinscher. Pinscher ankakonda kutchuka kwambiri pakati pa anthu omwe ankafuna kupeza mlonda wodalirika, wamphamvu komanso wopanda mantha.

Friedrich Louis Dobermann anamwalira mu 1894 ndipo mtunduwo wasinthidwanso mu ulemu wake - "Doberman Pinscher". Atamwalira, wophunzira wake, Otto Geller, anayamba kuswana mtunduwu. Iye ankakhulupirira kuti Pinscher sayenera kukhala galu wokwiya, komanso sociable. Anali Otto Geller amene anafewetsa khalidwe lake lovuta n’kumusandutsa mtundu umene unali wofunika kwambiri pakati pa okwatirana.

Mu 1897, chiwonetsero choyamba cha galu cha Doberman Pinscher chinachitika ku Erfurt, ndipo mu 1899 gulu loyamba la Doberman Pinscher linakhazikitsidwa ku Apolda. Patatha chaka chimodzi, gululi linasintha dzina lake kukhala "National Doberman Pinscher Club of Germany". Cholinga cha gululi chinali kuswana, kufalitsa ndi kupititsa patsogolo mtundu wa agalu. Chiyambireni kukhazikitsidwa kwa kalabu iyi, chiwerengero cha mtundu uwu chafika kale kuposa oimira 1000.

Mu 1949, prefix ya pincher idachotsedwa. Izi zinali chifukwa cha mikangano yambiri yokhudzana ndi dziko limene mtundu uwu unachokera. Kuti aletse kusokoneza kulikonse ndi mikangano, adaganiza zongosiya dzina lakuti "Doberman", lomwe limasonyeza German wotchuka yemwe amaweta mtundu uwu.

Dobermans otchuka

Monga mitundu ina iliyonse, mtundu wa galu uwu uli ndi oimira ake otchuka. Dziko lonse lapansi limadziwika tracker galu, omwe adathetsa milandu yopitilira 1,5 - Club yotchuka. Doberman wobzalidwa koyera uyu anabadwira ku Germany mu "von Thuringian" (nkhokwe ya Otto Geller) ndipo adawonekera kukhala wanzeru chabe.

Tref ankagwira ntchito ngati bloodhound ku Russia, kumene kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1908 "Russian Society for the Ecouragement of Agalu to Police and Guard Service" inakhazikitsidwa. Gulu ili linakhazikitsidwa ndi wotchuka Russian cynologist VI Lebedev, amene ankakonda kwambiri Dobermans ndipo ankakhulupirira mu chitukuko chawo patsogolo. Malingaliro ake onse ndi ziyembekezo zake zidalungamitsidwa mu Okutobala XNUMX, pomwe Club idayamba kugwira ntchito.

October Revolution ya 1917 ndi zochitika zonse wotsatira kusokoneza chitukuko cha mtundu - pafupifupi onse oimira mtundu uwu adathetsedwa. Only mu 1922 anayamba mwadongosolo kutsitsimutsa Doberman Pinscher. Kwa kuswana, nazale idapangidwa ku Leningrad. Chaka chotsatira, "Central Nursery School" inakhazikitsidwa, kumene agalu adawetedwa ku dipatimenti yofufuza milandu ya NKVD. M'tsogolomu, kutchuka kwa mtundu uwu kunangowonjezereka, osalolera ngakhale kwa German Shepherd.

Komanso, "Central Section of Service Dog Breeding" idapangidwa, zomwe zidathandizira mawonetsero ambiri, kuchita mipikisano yapadziko lonse lapansi, pomwe mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya agalu, kuphatikiza Dobermans, idaperekedwa.

Ngakhale kukula mofulumira, mavuto ambiri abuka okhudzana ndi kuswana ndi ntchito yovomerezeka mtundu uwu mtsogolo. Chifukwa chake, mapangidwe a USSR adasokoneza kuswana kwa mtundu uwu. Izi ndichifukwa choti oimira abwino sanatengedwenso ku Union, kotero anthu otsala m'malo osungira ana amathandizira kuti pakhale oimira atsopano omwe ali ndiukali komanso wamantha. Kuphatikiza apo, a Dobermans adakhala ankhanza ndipo anali ndi malaya amfupi komanso osalala. Choncho, amateurs mwamsanga anakhumudwa ndi mtunduwo.

Galu wokhala ndi malaya amfupi sanali oyenera kugwira ntchito m'gulu lankhondo, apolisi kapena alonda a m'malire. Doberman ndi galu yemwe ali ndi khalidwe lovuta, choncho maphunzirowa amatenga nthawi yambiri komanso kuleza mtima kwa cynologist. Ngati cynologist anali wokonzeka kuthera nthawi yochuluka, ndiye kuti Doberman amasonyeza makhalidwe ake abwino, ngati sichoncho, ndiye kuti akhoza kukana kutumikira ndikukhala opanda chidwi. Kuphatikiza apo, mtundu uwu sulola kusintha kwa eni ake.

Mu 1971, Doberman mwalamulo anakhala galu wamba, iye anathamangitsidwa mu kalabu ya agalu a utumiki. Zodabwitsa, koma uku kunali kusintha kwabwino pakukula ndi kusankha kwina kwa mtunduwo. Okonda Doberman anayamba kutenga njira yopangira kuswana, kulera ndi kuwasamalira. Izi zinathandiza kuti mtunduwu ukhale wabwino.

Pambuyo pa kugwa kwa USSR, okonda mtundu adatha "kukonzanso", monga agalu ochokera ku Ulaya anayamba kutumizidwa ku mayiko a CIS. Izi zinakweza kwambiri mtundu wa agalu oŵetedwa. Tsoka ilo, pakali pano mtunduwo umakhalabe mumthunzi wa oimira ena odziwika bwino, oyera. Anthu ochepa amafuna kusunga galu wamkulu wotero m'nyumba, ndipo stereotypes ndi tsankho zokhudza mbiri yawo zimakhudza. Kuonjezera apo, mtundu uwu ulibe chovala chamkati choncho sichikhoza kusungidwa kuzizira. Koma, omwe adatenga mwayi ndikupeza Doberman amakhalabe okondwa komanso okhutitsidwa ndi chisankho chawo.

Doberman khalidwe

Dobermans mwachilengedwe kwambiri wamphamvu, wochenjera komanso wopanda mantha agalu. Choncho, ndi abwino kuteteza zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Koma izi sizikutanthauza kuti mtundu uwu si woyenera kusungidwa m'nyumba ndi eni ake.

Mtundu uwu uli ndi mbiri inayake. Anthu ambiri amaganiza kuti Doberman ndi woopsa kwambiri kuti asasunge ngati chiweto. Kutchuka kumeneku kunabwera chifukwa cha mphamvu zawo, luso lawo, ndi mfundo yakuti nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati alonda. Ndi anthu ochepa amene amadziwa kuti mtundu uwu "umayimilira" kwa mamembala ake ndipo umaukira pokhapokha ngati ungakhale pangozi kwa iwo kapena mwini wake. Choncho, ziwerengero zimasonyeza kuti mitundu monga rottweilers, pit ng'ombe, agalu abusa ndi malamute anaukira munthu nthawi zambiri kuposa dobermans.

Ngati doberman adadutsa cynologist maphunziro apadera, ndiye galu woteroyo, chifukwa cha kudzipereka kwake, adzakhala chiweto choyenera ndi choyang'anira banja. Mtundu uwu umapeza chinenero chodziwika osati ndi akuluakulu okha, ana ang'onoang'ono, komanso ndi ziweto zina. Iwo ndi anzeru, amaphunzira mofulumira, othamanga, ochezeka.

Kutengera mtundu uwu, ndikofunikira kukumbukira mawonekedwe ake amphamvu. Amakhala okonda banja lawo kuposa mitundu ina, kotero amatha kukhala aukali kwa agalu ena, kuteteza mwiniwake. Ndikofunikiranso kuti asalole kusintha kwa eni ake.

Zina mwa maphunziro a Dobermans

Cholengedwa chilichonse chimafuna chikondi ndi chisamaliro. Simungakhale ndi chiweto mopanda nzeru! Izi ndi zoona makamaka kwa agalu kuti amaonedwa kuti ndi odzipereka kwambiri zolengedwa mu dziko.

Musanayambe Doberman, muyenera kuyeza zonse mosamala kwambiri. Choyamba muyenera kuyesa mphamvu zanu ndi luso lanu. Mtundu uwu umakonda kuyenda maulendo ataliatali ndipo umayenda ndi mwiniwake. Sikokwanira kungoyenda mu Doberman, oimira mtundu uwu amawakonda pamene mwiniwake akuthamanga nawo. Mwiniwake woyenera wa Doberman ayenera kukhala wokangalika, kukonda nthawi yayitali, komanso kupuma mpweya wabwino. Ndikwabwino kuti anthu aulesi asaganize n’komwe za chiweto chotere.

Dobermans ndi agalu anzeru ndipo amakonda masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse. Amayang'ana mbuye wawo, kotero mantha kapena kufooka zisasonyezedwe pamaso pawo. Mwiniwake wa Doberman ayenera kukhala wamphamvu, wanzeru komanso wothamanga komanso osataya mtima.

Munthu amene akufuna kukhala ndi galu wamba sangaganize nkomwe za Doberman. Galu uyu sakonda phlegmatic, homebodies, anthu okhumudwa. Popanda eni ake kapena achibale ena, a Doberman amatha kusintha malo anyumba kukhala chipwirikiti. Pofuna kupewa izi, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti galu woteroyo amamvera mtsogoleri kapena mtsogoleri yekha mwachibadwa. Chifukwa chake, zidzafunikabe kutsimikizira mphamvu zanu za kufuna kwanu ndi umunthu wanu kwa chiweto chotere. Dobermans amamva ulamuliro ndi mphamvu mwa munthu, koma musalole chiwawa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zilizonse. M'pofunika kukumbukira minofu otukuka, anachita mwamsanga, mphamvu ndi agility Doberman, zomwe zimamupangitsa kukhala mdani oopsa kwambiri.

Ngati mwiniwake wamtsogolo sadzasamalira mwapadera galu wotere monga Doberman, ndiye kuti ndibwino kuti musamusiye ndi ana. Popeza chifukwa chosowa zolimbitsa thupi komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu, amatha kukhala aukali kapena ankhanza.

Komanso galu uyu osayenera kuteteza dera m'nyengo yozizira kapena m'nyengo yozizira chifukwa cha kusowa kwa undercoat. Izi sizikutanthauza kuti Doberman sangakhoze kukhala mlonda, izo sizingakhoze kusungidwa mumsewu kapena mu aviary.

Doberman ayenera kutengedwa ngati mwana wagalu, kotero maphunziro ake ayenera kuchitidwa kuyambira ali wamng'ono. Izi ndichifukwa choti ana aang'ono samangokhalira frisky komanso achangu, komanso anzeru kwambiri ndikugwira chilichonse pa ntchentche. Zochita zokondedwa za chiwetochi ndi kuphunzitsa ndi ntchito. Ponena za zochitika zapadera zophunzitsira ana agalu, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti amatopa mwachangu. Choncho, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa chiwetocho ndipo, ngati mukutopa, siyani maphunziro. Ngati simusamala kutopa kwa ana agalu ndikupitiriza kumukakamiza kuti akwaniritse malamulo ake, ndiye kuti pa phunziro lotsatira, akhoza kungoyamba kuchitapo kanthu ndikukana kuchita chilichonse.

Doberman Care

Dobermans ndi abwino kwa anthu omwe sakonda kuthera nthawi yochuluka posamalira nyama. Ali kwenikweni osakhetsa, chipeso ndi pukuta ndi chonyowa chopukutira chomwe amafunikira kamodzi kokha pa sabata. Misomali iyenera kudulidwa pamene ikukula (nthawi zambiri). Ponena za njira zamadzi, zimatengera chikhumbo cha mwini ziweto. Asanayambe kusamba, a Doberman ayenera kupesedwa kuti asawonongeke tsitsi.

Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti Dobermans ndi nyama zothamanga komanso zachangu, choncho saopa kulimbitsa thupi kwakukulu. Amakonda kuthamanga ndi mwiniwake. Kuphatikiza apo, agalu amtunduwu amakonda kupsinjika maganizo ndipo amasangalala kutenga nawo mbali pamipikisano ndi ziwonetsero zamitundu yosiyanasiyana.

Matenda a Doberman

Dobermans ndi agalu amphamvu komanso athanzi. Koma palibe chomwe chili changwiro m'chilengedwe, kotero izi Mtunduwu umakonda kudwala matenda awa:

• kupotoza kwa matumbo;
• wobbler syndrome;
• khansa yapakhungu;
• ng'ala;
• lipoma;
• matenda a von Willebrand;
• cardiomyopathy;
• hypothyroidism;
• dysplasia ya m'chiuno ndi m'chiuno;
• shuga;
• matenda a chiwindi;
• entropy.

Kuphatikiza pa matenda awa, Dobermans ndi okwanira nthawi zambiri amadwala dermatological matenda:

• vitiligo;
• kutayika tsitsi;
• seborrhea;
• depigmentation ya mphuno.

Izi si mndandanda wonse wa matenda amene Dobermans sachedwa. Choncho, n’kofunika kwambiri kutsatira malamulo onse osamalira nyama. Chofunikanso ndi maulendo okonzekera kupita kwa veterinarian, kutenga mavitamini ndi mineral supplements, kupereka katemera, zakudya zoyenera komanso kugawa kupsinjika kwa thupi ndi maganizo.

Doberman - galu yemwe ali ndi mbiri yoipa. Choncho, galu woteroyo sayenera kukwiya kapena kukwiyitsidwa kachiwiri, koma kuphunzitsa koyenera kungachepetse makhalidwe oipa a woimira mtundu uwu. Kuonjezera apo, khalidwe lopangidwa bwino likhoza kupanga mtetezi wabwino wa banja.

Ndipo potsirizira pake, nyama iliyonse ndi munthu payekha, kotero sikuti nthawi zonse zomwe zimafanana ndi zomwe zimaperekedwa ndizoyenera kwa mmodzi kapena wina woimira mtundu kapena mtundu. Komabe, Doberman ndi galu wanzeru, wamphamvu, wamphamvu, wolimba yemwe akhoza kukhala gawo la banja lililonse.