Dalmatia

Dalmatian ndi chiweto champhamvu komanso chansangala. Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake owala, simudzakhala osadziwika mukamayenda m'mapaki ndi mapaki agalu.

Makhalidwe a Dalmatian

Nthawi zoyambira

• Izi ndi nyama zazikulu komanso zogwira ntchito kwambiri, kotero kukhala m'nyumba yapayekha ndi mwayi waulere m'malo okhala ndi mipanda ndibwino.
• Anthu aku Dalmatians amafunikira kuyanjana koyambirira komanso kuleredwa moyenera.
• Popanda kulimbitsa thupi mokwanira, amasanduka agalu owononga osalamulirika.
• Ma Dalmatians sali oyenera kukhala kunyumba komanso mabanja omwe ali ndi ana ang'onoang'ono.
• Ngakhale malaya amfupi, amakhetsa kwambiri ndipo amafunikira chisamaliro chokhazikika.
• Pafupifupi 12 peresenti ya ana agalu amabadwa osamva.
• Chitsanzo cha mawanga pa thupi ndi chapadera kwa munthu aliyense.
• Agalu okha omwe ali ndi mawanga akuda kapena a bulauni pamtunda woyera amaloledwa kutenga nawo mbali pazowonetsera, koma zosankha zina zamitundu zilipo.

The Dalmatian ndi imodzi mwa mitundu yomwe "zofalitsa" ndi kutchuka kwakanthawi zawononga kwambiri kuposa zabwino. Agalu omwe ali ndi khalidwe lovuta komanso zosowa zapamwamba zolimbitsa thupi tsiku ndi tsiku samagwirizana ndi aliyense wokonda zojambula za Disney. Koma eni odziwa zambiri komanso odalirika adzapeza bwenzi lodzipereka komanso bwenzi lodabwitsa mu chilengedwe champhamvu.

Mbiri ya mtundu wa Dalmatian

Kutchulidwa kwa agalu amawanga kumapezeka m'malemba a nyengo zosiyanasiyana ndi zonena zomwe zafika kwa ife, kuyambira pamipukutu yakale ya gumbwa ya ku Igupto. Komabe, kutengera mafotokozedwe ang'onoang'ono a mawu, sikutheka kuweruza momveka bwino yemwe anali kholo la a Dalmatians amakono.

Umboni woyamba wodalirika wa kukhalapo kwa mtunduwu unayamba zaka za 16-17. Agalu oyera okhala ndi zizindikiro zazing'ono zamdima amawonetsedwa muzojambula zachipembedzo ndi zadziko zamasiku amenewo: zojambula paguwa mu Tchalitchi cha St. Mary (chotchedwanso "Gospe od anđela") m'tawuni yaying'ono pachilumba cha Lošinj. , fresco m'nyumba ya amonke a Franciscan ku Zaostrog, zojambula mu tchalitchi cha Santa Maria Novella ku Florence, zithunzi zamwambo za ojambula a Venetian ndi Tuscan, zomwe zimasonyeza olemekezeka otchuka - mwachitsanzo, Cosimo II de Medici. Popeza kuti umboni wambiri woyambirira unapezeka m'madera a mbiri yakale a Dalmatia, omwe tsopano ali mbali ya Croatia, ndi kuchokera pano kuti ndizozoloŵera kupeza mizu ya mkwatibwi. Inde, ndipo consonance yodziwikiratu ya mayina imalankhula mokomera Baibuloli, lovomerezedwa ndi FCI.

Pamalo omwewo, m’mphepete mwa nyanja yotentha ya Nyanja ya Adriatic, ntchito zina za “nthanthi” zinawonanso kuwalako. Archdiocese ya Roma Katolika ya ku Djakovo-Osijek yasunga m’nkhokwe zake mbiri ya Bishopu Petar Bakic (1719) ndi Andreas Kecskeméta (1739), onse amene amalankhula za agalu a ku Croatia a Canis Dalmaticus. Mu 1771, katswiri wa zachilengedwe wa ku Wales Thomas Pennant analemba buku lakuti Synopsis of Quadrupeds, kumene poyamba anatchula mtundu wa Dalmatian. Mu 1790, katswiri wa mbiri yakale wa ku England Thomas Bewick anaphatikiza a Dalmatians mu General History of the Quadrupeds.

Kawirikawiri, ziyenera kunenedwa kuti kunali ku Britain kumene anthu ochoka ku Dalmatia adatchuka kwambiri. Ofufuzawo akuwonetsa kuti oimira mitundu ina adagwiritsidwa ntchito pano pakuswana, makamaka, zolozera zakuda ndi zoyera za English terriers. Otsatirawa anafa zaka zoposa zana zapitazo, koma anali ndi dzanja pakupanga mitundu yambiri yamakono: Boston Terrier, American Bulldog , Bull Terrier , American Staffordshire Terrier ndi ena. Mwa zoyesayesa za obereketsa a Foggy Albion, pofika theka lachiwiri la zaka za zana la 18, mawonekedwe odziwika a Dalmatians adapangidwa lero.

Panthawi imodzimodziyo, "agalu a ku Italy", monga momwe a British adawatcha poyamba, adawona luso lodabwitsa lothamanga pafupifupi mosatopa kwa mtunda wautali, osati kutsika mofulumira kuposa magalimoto okwera pamahatchi. Agalu othamanga kwambiri anapangidwa kukhala alonda a "katundu wosunthika" wamtengo wapatali pa maulendo a mumzinda ndi maulendo aatali - mtundu wa chitsanzo cha ma alarm amakono a galimoto. Kuwonjezera apo, paulendowo, madalaivala amiyendo inayi ankatsatira akavalowo ndipo poluma pang’ono anakakamiza nyama zotopa kapena zaulesi kuti zisamayendetse liwiro limene woyendetsa galimotoyo anakonza. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, kwa zaka makumi angapo, tanthauzo la agalu onyamula katundu lakhala likugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa iwo.

Ngakhale kuti ntchito za a Dalmatians sizinali izi. Iwo ankalondera nyumba, kuthandiza alenje ang'onoang'ono ndi akuluakulu, ankagwira ntchito ngati "alonda" a amayi olemekezeka akuyenda popanda kampani yamphongo. Munthawi ya Regency, ziweto zowoneka bwino zidakhala chizindikiro cha eni ake kukhala ndi chikhalidwe chambiri.

Atangowoloka nyanja, agalu achilendo adasintha maudindo ndipo m'malo mwa olemekezeka olemera, adatsagana ndi magulu amoto odzifunira, omwe, asanakhazikitsidwe misala ya injini zoyaka moto, sakanatha kuchita popanda "mahatchi" enieni. Owonekera patali, “mabelu” oyera anali chenjezo kwa anthu ena ogwiritsira ntchito misewu ponena za kuyandikira kwa ozimitsa moto ndipo anathandiza kuchotsa njira yoipa kwambiri kuposa ma siren ndi ma siren amphamvu. Koma ngakhale zotengera zozimitsa moto zitakhala malo owonetsera zakale, ambiri sanafune kusiya zithumwa zawo. Masiku ano, agalu achikoka ndi chizindikiro chodziwika cha ozimitsa moto aku US.

Ponena za mbiri yachiwonetsero, kwa nthawi yoyamba, agalu ochokera ku Dalmatia adaperekedwa ku chiweruzo cha akatswiri oweruza milandu ndi anthu onse mu 1860 ku Birmingham. Zaka makumi atatu pambuyo pake, kalabu ya oŵeta idapangidwa ndipo mtundu wovomerezeka unapangidwa. Anadziwika ndi American Kennel Club zaka ziwiri zapitazo. FCI inalembetsa Dalmatian mu 1926.

Ku Moscow, oimira oyambirira a ubale wowonekera adawonekera mu 1982, koma kuswana ku USSR kunapita patsogolo pang'onopang'ono chifukwa cha kusowa kwa magazi atsopano. Ndipo kufunikira kwa ana agalu kunali kochepa, chifukwa okonda agalu ambiri sankadziwa za kukhalapo kwa mtunduwo. Makalabu a monobreed adawonekera kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 90. Masiku ano, ndende yaikulu kwambiri ya kennels ndi eni ake a Dalmatians ali likulu, St. Petersburg, Nizhny Novgorod, Yekaterinburg, Novosibirsk ndi mizinda ina.

Video: Dalmatian

Kuwonekera kwa Dalmatian

Agalu othamanga ndi olimba, okongola kwambiri apakati mpaka aakulu. Amuna amalemera pafupifupi 18-27 kg ndi kutalika kwa 58-61 cm, akazi - 16-24 kg ndi 56-58 cm, motero.

mutu

Mutu wa Dalmatian umafanana ndi thupi. Wautali, wathyathyathya, osatambalala kwambiri pakati pa makutu. Muzzle ndi kutchulidwa kuima, wofanana kutalika kapena pang'ono wamfupi kuposa occiput. Palibe zopindika pamutu.

makutu

Zokwanira zazikulu, zokhazikika pamutu, zopanikizidwa kwa izo m'mbali. Maonekedwe a katatu ndi nsonga zozungulira pang'ono. Mtundu umakhala wowoneka bwino, umafanana ndi mtundu wamba.

maso

Maso a Dalmatian ndi akulu akulu, oval. Mtundu umagwirizana ndi mtundu: wofiirira wakuda kwa agalu omwe ali ndi mawanga akuda, amber a mawanga a bulauni. Maonekedwe ake ndi omveka komanso anzeru. Zikope zimagwirizana bwino ndi diso. Mphepete mwawo ndi pigmented (malingana ndi mtundu - wakuda kapena bulauni).

Mphuno

Khutu la khutu ndi lotakata, lokhala ndi pigment (yakuda kapena yabulauni malinga ndi mtundu wa nthaka), ndipo mphuno ndizotseguka.

Milomo ndi mano

Milomo pafupi ndi nsagwada. Nsagwada ndi zolimba. Kulumidwa ndi lumo, mano akumtunda akudutsa m'mano apansi.

Khosi

Zamphamvu, zazitali ndithu.

chimango

Thupi la Dalmatian limamangidwa bwino, mapewa ali ndi minyewa, chifuwa chakuya komanso nthiti zopindika bwino. Kumbuyo ndikowongoka komanso kolimba. M'chiuno ndi croup ndi minofu, otsetsereka ndi ochepa.

miyendo

Miyendo yakutsogolo ndi yowongoka, zigongono zimakanikizidwa ku thupi. Miyendo yakumbuyo imakhala ndi minofu, mawondo amakhala amphamvu komanso opangidwa bwino. Mapazi amafanana ndi amphaka: ophatikizana komanso ozungulira, zala zake zimakhala zopindika. Misomali ikhoza kukhala ndi pigment kutengera mtundu wapansi.

Mchira

Mchira wa Dalmatian ndi wautali kwambiri, wowoneka bwino, wowongoka. Wokhuthala m'munsi, akulowera kunsonga.

Ubweya

Waufupi, wandiweyani, wosalala, wonyezimira, wolimba.

mtundu

Pachiyambi chachikulu choyera, pali mawanga akuda kapena ofiirira (mtundu umodzi!)

Chithunzi cha Dalmatian wamkulu

Chikhalidwe cha Dalmatian

Dalmatians si oyenera eni osadziwa komanso anthu amene amafunikira gulu la phlegmatic "sofa" galu. Modabwitsa mwachilengedwe, popanda kulimbitsa thupi koyenera, amawongolera mphamvu zosagwiritsidwa ntchito kuzinthu zowononga, kuwononga nyumba. Zikatero, nyamayo imakhala yosalamulirika, simvera malamulo ndipo imanyalanyaza zoletsedwa.

Dalmatian akusewera ndi mwana

Kulephera kumvetsa chifukwa chachikulu cha khalidwe lotereli kwachititsa kuti pakhale maganizo olakwika okhudza nzeru zochepa. Ngati Dalmatian sayankha "Ayi!" ndi "Kwa ine!", izi sizikutanthauza kuti iye ndi wopusa. Mfundo ndi yakuti mwiniwakeyo adalakwitsa kwambiri panthawi ya maphunziro, sanakhazikitse ulamuliro wake ndikupitirizabe kulakwitsa, osakwaniritsa zosowa zachilengedwe za chiweto muzochita zolimbitsa thupi.

Kuphunzitsidwa koyenera, mgwirizano wokhazikika komanso wodekha womanga ubale ndi mwana wagalu, kuyanjana koyambirira kumathandizira kupanga psyche yathanzi komanso yamphamvu. Agalu oterowo amamva bwino kwambiri momwe munthu alili ndikusintha, amatsatira malamulo ndi chisangalalo, samayamba ndewu poyenda, amaletsa ndi alendo, ndipo amakhala ochezeka kwa nyama.

Anthu a ku Dalmatia sakhala okondana ndi "mwini" mmodzi, amakondanso ndi kuteteza mamembala onse a m'banja, pamene amayesetsa kutenga nawo mbali muzochita zonse zomwe anthu amachita. Amagwirizana bwino ndi ziweto zina, makamaka ngati amakula nawo. Zili mu majini kukhala ndi kukopa kwa nthawi yaitali ku gulu la akavalo, koma ndi anthu ochepa lero omwe ali ndi khola, kotero kuti kukhala ndi galu kapena mphaka kumakhala koyenera.

Kwa banja lomwe lili ndi ana ang'onoang'ono, kufika kwa "plum pudding" yamphamvu, monga momwe Chingerezi amachitchera mwachikondi agaluwa, akhoza kukhala vuto. Koma osati chifukwa mwachibadwa amakhala aukali ndipo amatha kuvulaza dala wamng’onoyo. Kumbali imodzi, a Dalmatians, achangu komanso akuthwa mwachilengedwe, samayesa mphamvu zawo ndipo nthawi zambiri amagwetsa makanda omwe sakuyenda mosayenera. Komano, nyama zomwe zili ndi vuto lakumva mwachibadwa zimadziteteza ku "chiwopsezo" pamene zimayandikira mosadziwika kuchokera kumbuyo kapena kusokonezeka m'tulo, ndipo zimakhala zovuta kuti zinyenyeswazi ziphunzire nthawi yomweyo zochenjera pochita ndi wachibale wapadera.

Koma ndi ana okulirapo ndi achinyamata, a Dalmatians nthawi zambiri amakhala bwino, akumva mzimu wopanda mtendere.

Maphunziro ndi maphunziro

Ma Dalmatians ndi ena mwa mitundu yomwe maphunziro oyenera komanso kucheza koyambirira ndikofunikira kwambiri. Chikhalidwe chokonda ufulu, mphamvu zopanda malire, chibadwa cha mlenje popanda kulamulira ndi kuletsa njira zomwe zimapangidwa muubwana zimatsogolera ku maonekedwe a nyama yaikulu yosalamulirika, yowononga.

Kuphunzira malamulo oyambira ndikuyanjana ndi anthu akunja sikungalephereke. Kuyambira masiku oyambirira a kuwonekera kwa galu m'nyumba mwanu, pulogalamu ya maphunziro iyenera kuyamba. Dalmatian wamng'ono ayenera kumvetsetsa bwino malire a zomwe zimaloledwa ndikudziwa kuti kusamvera kudzakhala ndi zotsatira. Inde, sikuloledwa kusonyeza chiwawa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zakuthupi, koma mawu olimba ndi okhwima a mwiniwake, momwe kusakhutira kumasonyezedwa momveka bwino, ndi chilango chokwanira mwa icho chokha.

Musaiwale kuti kuyendera malo oyendamo ndi kutenga nawo mbali m'makalasi amagulu ndi wogwirizira galu zitha kungoyamba pomwe mwana wagalu walandira Mlingo wovomerezeka wa katemera ndipo nthawi yokwanira yadutsa kuti apange chitetezo chokwanira ku matenda oopsa kwa chiweto. Ndi bwino kukaonana ndi veterinarian wanu.

Agalu ophunzitsidwa bwino omwe ali kale m'miyezi isanu ndi umodzi amadziwa ndipo amachita mosavuta malamulo oposa khumi ndi awiri, kuphatikizapo onse odziwika bwino ndi "aluso" monga kutembenuza motsatizana, "High five!" kapena mauta. Nthawi zambiri, ziyenera kunenedwa kuti ochita ma circus owoneka amakonda chidwi ndipo ali okonzeka kuyesetsa kuti eni ake amwetulire.

Kusamalira ndi kukonza

Njira yabwino yosungira Dalmatian ingakhale nyumba yayikulu yokhala ndi mpanda wotetezedwa komwe amatha kuyenda momasuka masana. Komabe, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti ndizosatheka kuti oimira mtundu uwu azikhala nthawi zonse mu aviary m'nyengo yathu yanyengo - tsitsi lalifupi silimateteza kutentha.

Ngati ndinu mwini nyumba ya mzinda, kuyenda maulendo ataliatali ndikofunikira kuti mukhale mwamtendere. Komanso, osati nthawi yokhayo yomwe ndiyofunikira (osachepera ola limodzi patsiku), komanso machulukitsidwe ndi katundu. Ndi bwino ngati galu wanu ali pa leash kutsagana nanu pothamanga kapena kukwera njinga - kuyenda mothamanga kumatenthetsa mphamvu zokwanira kuti asakhalenso wochita chidwi mukabwerera. Njira ina ikhoza kukhala masewera olimbitsa thupi panjira yolepheretsa, ingoyesani bwino momwe galuyo alili komanso kutalika kwa zotchinga.

Ma Dalmatians safuna chisamaliro chovuta komanso chotopetsa. "Chovala chaubweya" chawo sichimagwa ndipo sichifunikira kumeta tsitsi kapena kuchapa pafupipafupi, komabe, kusungunula kumachitika mochuluka komanso mosalekeza, ndipo kumakhala kolimba kwambiri pamalire a nyengo zofunda ndi zozizira. Pofuna kuchepetsa chivundikiro chaubweya m'nyumba, tikulimbikitsidwa kupesa chiweto nthawi zambiri (osachepera 2-3 pa sabata) ndi burashi kapena mitten yapadera.

Kupanda kutero, njira zoyenera ndizokwanira: kuwunika momwe makutu ndi maso alili, kutalika kwa zikhadabo, tsukani mano nthawi zonse ndi phala la Chowona Zanyama. Zakudya zopatsa thanzi ziyenera kukhala zopatsa thanzi. Njira yosavuta yokwaniritsira izi ndi kuthandizidwa ndi ma feed a premium komanso apamwamba kwambiri. Kumbukirani kuti kudya mopambanitsa pamodzi ndi kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ochepa kumadzaza ndi kunenepa kwambiri.

Thanzi ndi matenda a Dalmatian

Avereji ya moyo wa a Dalmatians ndi zaka 10-13.

Vuto lalikulu la mtunduwu ndi kusamva. Vuto lakumva la zovuta zosiyanasiyana zimachitika pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a agalu. 12% ya a Dalmatians amabadwa osamva kwathunthu. Yankho lothandiza silinapezekebe. Ngakhale kuti ndi nyama zathanzi zokha zomwe zimaloledwa kuswana, zimakhalanso ndi ana agalu odwala. Zomalizazi, komabe, zimakhala moyo wathunthu ngati ziweto. Kuperewera kumeneku kungadziwike m'masabata oyambirira mothandizidwa ndi mayesero amakono.

Chifukwa cha metabolism ya Dalmatians, miyala ya chikhodzodzo ndi yofala. Amakhalanso sachedwa kudwala khungu ndi m'chiuno dysplasia. Khunyu, matenda autoimmune chiwindi, osteochondrosis wa phewa olowa, osteomyelitis, dilated cardiomyopathy, hypothyroidism, ziwalo za m`phuno ndi matenda ena nonspecific amalembedwa kawirikawiri.

Popeza matenda ambiri ndi obadwa nawo kapena obadwa nawo, mawonekedwe awo amatha kuneneratu potengera mtundu wawo. Obereketsa omwe ali ndi udindo nthawi zonse amapereka chidziwitso chokwanira cha thanzi la makolo, komanso "agogo" ndi "agogo".

Momwe mungasankhire galu

Chinsinsi chopeza bwino ndi kusankha koyenera komanso koganizira bwino kwa woweta. Ma catteries okha omwe ali ndi mbiri yabwino angatsimikizire kuti watsopano m'banja mwanu adzakhala wathanzi mwakuthupi ndi m'maganizo. Popeza ana agalu a Dalmatian amapatsidwa kwa eni ake okhazikika kale kuposa masabata 10-12, ali ndi nthawi yoti apite ku mayeso oyenerera achipatala ndikuwonetsa zomwe ali nazo.

Woweta wabwino adzakufunsani mafunso ochepa kuposa momwe mumamufunsa, chifukwa kwa iye mwana aliyense wamiyendo inayi si chinthu chamoyo, koma munthu, kotero ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa kuti ndi banja liti lomwe adzakhalemo, muzochitika ziti.

Ndipo inunso, muli ndi ufulu wonse wodziwa makolo ndikuphunzira zikalata zawo, maganizo a veterinarian pa thanzi la mwana wagalu ndi zotsatira za mayeso a BAER (Brainstem Auditory Evoked Response) - kuyesa kwakumva kwa electrodiagnostic.

Ndikofunikira kuwona mikhalidwe yomwe mayi ndi makanda amasungidwa, phunzirani za zakudya komanso kulankhulana nokha ndi mwana wagalu yemwe mumakonda kuti muwone kuthekera kwake kolumikizana ndi munthu ndikuyankha mokwanira kudziko lakunja.

Chithunzi cha ana agalu a Dalmatian

Kodi mwana wagalu wa dalmatian amawononga ndalama zingati

Pamasamba otsatsa achinsinsi a Dalmatian wachichepere "wopanda zikalata" amafunsa kuchokera ku 100 mpaka 200 $. Koma muyenera kumvetsetsa kuti pankhaniyi ndizosatheka kudziwa ngati makolo onsewo anali oimira mtundu womwe mukuukonda. Ndipo koposa zonse, palibe zitsimikizo kuti pakapita nthawi nyamayo sidzawonetsa ma pathologies ena omwe ali pachiwopsezo. kapena zimakhudza kwambiri khalidwe lake.

Mtengo wa ma Dalmatians m'makola amasiyanasiyana m'magawo osiyanasiyana ndipo umasinthasintha kwambiri kutengera gulu lomwe mwana wagalu amakhala. Kutengera mawonekedwe amunthu payekha komanso kutsatira muyezo wamtundu, ana agalu omwe ali ndi zinyalala zomwezo okhala ndi zikalata za FCI ndi mapasipoti a Chowona Zanyama adzagula kuchokera ku 600 mpaka 900 $. Ndipo apa zili ndi inu kusankha ngati kutenga nawo mbali pazowonetserako kukukonzekera ndi chiyembekezo cha kupambana kwapamwamba, kapena ndikwanira kuti m'nyumba mwanu mukhale mnzanu wodzipereka komanso woipa.