Tsimikizirani chibadwa cha mphaka wanu wa thanzi la purr-fect

Ma genetic code of the mphaka ndi ndondomeko yatsatanetsatane yomwe imatsimikizira chilichonse kuchokera ku mtundu wa malaya kupita ku chikhalidwe komanso kuchuluka kwa zala zapazanja. Mitundu ya ziweto zanu ndi chifukwa chake amphaka a Siamese amalankhula kwambiri, Ragdoll amakondana, amphaka a Sphynx ali ndi dazi, ndipo Aperisi ali ndi nkhope zosalala. Ngakhale kuti matenda ambiri ali ndi zinthu zambiri (ndiko kuti, zimachitika pazifukwa zingapo, zomwe zingakhale zachibadwa kapena zakunja), ofufuza atsimikiza kugwiritsa ntchito ma genetic chromosome sequencing kuti amphaka ali ndi masinthidwe a chibadwa omwe amasonyeza kukula kwa matenda ena. Zina mwa izi zitha kukhala zenizeni za mtundu wina.

Kusintha kwa ma genetic

Mofanana ndi anthu, amphaka amatha kukhala ndi masinthidwe amtundu wawo omwe amatsatira molakwika ndikupangitsa kuti adwale matenda ena. Kwenikweni, izi zikutanthauza kuti DNA yomwe imatsimikizira mapangidwe a nyama ikhoza kusokonezedwa panthawi ina, ndikusiya mphaka kuti ayambe kudwala. Kusintha kumeneku kwa chibadwa kumakhala ngati cholakwika mu code. Matenda ena - matenda a impso a polycystic ku Persia ndi hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (matenda a mtima) ku Maine Coons ndi Ragdolls - amadziwika kuti ali ndi gawo la majini, akulemba International Cat Care. Mavuto ena azaumoyo, monga mphumu kapena strabismus amphaka a Siamese, amapezeka kwambiri pamtundu wina, koma jini wamba kwa iwo silinadziwikebe.

Zowopsa za nyama zoswana

Ngakhale mphaka aliyense akhoza kupanga kusintha kwa majini komwe kumayambitsa matendawa, matenda amtundu wa chibadwa amakhala ofala kwambiri mu nyama zoyera. Izi zili choncho chifukwa oŵeta amasankha anthu oti azitha kuŵeta kuti akhale ndi makhalidwe enaake, zomwe zingapangitse kuti pakhale mavuto otengera chibadwa. Athanso kuswana amphaka omwe ali pachibale kwambiri (inbreeding). Nthawi zina, monga Munchkins ( amphaka aang'ono amiyendo yaifupi) kapena mitundu ya brachycephalic (yofupi-mphuno) monga Aperisi, mtunduwo ukhoza kukhala ndi makhalidwe omwe amasokoneza moyo wa mphaka. Eni ake a ziweto ndi omwe akungoganizira zopeza ziweto ayenera kudziwa za kakulidwe kamene kali ndi mitundu ina.

Mwachitsanzo, Munchkins ndi okongola kwambiri (yawonani!), Koma ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti dwarfism kwenikweni ndi kusintha kwa majini komwe kungayambitse matenda a nyama. Amphaka ang'onoang'ono amatha kukhala ndi zovuta zolumikizana ndi msana wopindika, zomwe zimawonjezera chiopsezo cha ma disc a herniated. Kuonjezera apo, amphakawa akhoza kukhala okwera mtengo kwambiri (ana amphaka ena amawononga ndalama zoposa 70 rubles), ndipo eni eni a ziweto osadziwika nthawi zambiri sadziwa zomwe ngongole za ziweto zimawayembekezera.

Mitundu ya furry

Kodi mumadziwa kuti DNA ya amphaka ndi anthu ndi yofanana ndi 90 peresenti? Malinga ndi Stanford University's Tech Museum of Innovation, ngati mupanga mzere wa zilembo zana zamtundu wa genetic code, khumi okha ndi omwe angasiyane pakati pa inu ndi mphaka wanu. DNA yathu imagawananso 98 peresenti ndi chimpanzi ndi 80 peresenti ndi ng'ombe (ndipo oposa 60 peresenti ndi nthochi, malinga ndi National Human Genome Research Institute, kotero mwina sitiyenera kusangalala kwambiri).

Chifukwa chiyani mukufananiza chibadwa cha mphaka konse? Kusanthula ndi kuyerekeza chibadwa cha nyama ndi njira yabwino yophunzirira matenda opatsirana monga feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) ndi munthu (HIV). Kuphunzira za chibadwa cha amphaka sikuti kumangotithandiza kusamalira bwino anzathu amphaka, kumatithandizanso kumvetsetsa zovuta zathu za majini ndikupanga njira zatsopano zothanirana ndi matenda omwe ali ndi gawo la majini.

Masiku ano, mutha kuyesa chibadwa cha mphaka wanu pogwiritsa ntchito zitsanzo zosavuta ku chipatala chazowona zanyama zakudera lanu. Dokotala adzatumiza chitsanzo ku labotale kuti akawunike, ndipo muzitha kupeza zotsatira mkati mwa milungu ingapo. Mayeso a DNA amatha kuwulula zambiri monga chiwopsezo cha matenda, mwina makolo, komanso kufanana kwa chiweto chanu ndi mitundu ina yamphaka wakuthengo.

Kumvetsetsa ma genetics kungakuthandizeni kupewa matenda komanso kukhala ndi moyo wabwino kwambiri pachiweto chanu. Pochita izi, mutha kudziwa zambiri za makolo a ziweto zanu ndikuzindikira ngati ili ndi vuto lililonse la majini lomwe limatsogolera ku matenda otengera chibadwa.

Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti ngakhale mphaka wanu ali ndi kusintha kwa chibadwa komwe kumayambitsa matenda, sizikutanthauza kuti adzadwala. Izi zili choncho chifukwa ambiri mwa matendawa ndi amitundumitundu kapena a polygenic ndipo angafunike majini angapo kapena mikhalidwe yapadera kuti ayambike. Veterinarian wanu adzatha kukulangizani momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito bwino zotsatira za chibadwa cha mphaka wanu. Kuyeza kwa majini kudzakuthandizani kumvetsetsa chiweto chanu mkati ndikupereka mikhalidwe yabwino komanso chisamaliro kuti mukhale ndi moyo wautali komanso wathanzi limodzi.

Kodi mumadziwa kuti kafukufuku wa majini amakuthandizaninso kusankha chakudya choyenera cha mphaka wanu? M'malo mwake, akatswiri a Hill's Pet Nutrition adazindikira zamtunduwu mu 2008 ndipo adapereka zotsatira zake ku Morris Animal Foundation kuti afufuze. Timagwiritsa ntchito kafukufukuyu kupanga zakudya zamphaka zomwe zimaganizira zamoyo wa nyama kuti zikhale ndi moyo wosangalala komanso wathanzi.

Kusamala Kuswana

Ngati mukukonzekera kuswana amphaka, kudziwa chibadwa cha mtunduwo komanso kuyesa nyama zoswana za matenda obadwa nawo kudzakuthandizani kupewa kupatsira ana anu kusintha kwa majini. Izi zakhala choncho, mwachitsanzo, ndi matenda a impso a polycystic (PKD) amphaka a nkhope yosalala. PBP imapangitsa kuti impso zipangike mu impso za amphaka omwe akhudzidwa, zomwe zimayambitsa kulephera kwa impso msanga. PKD ndi matenda osavuta a autosomal genetic, kutanthauza kuti amapatsira ana ngakhale kholo limodzi lokha ndilosintha. Kuyezetsa magazi kosavuta kunapangidwa kuti azindikire kusintha kwa majini, ndipo kufalikira kwa PKD kunachepetsedwa kwambiri poyesa amphaka kuti asankhidwe.

Ngati ndinu mwini ziweto, tikukulimbikitsani kuti musadye kapena musadye chiweto chanu kuti mupewe pulogalamu yoweta kunyumba. M'malo mopeza mphaka wamba, mutha kutenga mphaka kapena mphaka wamkulu kuchokera kumalo osungira ziweto. Atha kukhala ndi majini osiyanasiyana, koma mudzatha kupeza wina yemwe angakhale bwenzi labwino kwambiri kwa inu.

Ngati mukufuna kuyesa majini a mphaka wanu, mutha kulumikizana ndi makampani omwe amayesa majini omwe angakuthandizeni kudziwa mtundu wa makolo amphaka anu ndikupeza malangizo oti mukhale ndi thanzi komanso thanzi.

Kudziwa mapangidwe amtundu wa chiweto chanu ndi kosangalatsa, koma ndikofunikira kuti muwachitire monga anthu omwe ali ndi zosowa ndi mikhalidwe yomwe inu ndi veterinarian wanu mumadziwa bwino. Popereka zakudya zabwino komanso malo abwino, komanso kuganizira za majini, mukhoza kulimbikitsa thanzi ndi thanzi la mphaka wanu.