Kodi pali mitundu ingati ya agalu?

Ponena za kukula ndi maonekedwe, agalu ndi amodzi mwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana padziko lapansi. Ndizovuta kukhulupirira kuti chihuahua ting'onoting'ono ndi giant dane ndi ofanana kwambiri pamtundu wa chibadwa. Koma makutu awo, miyendo yawo, ndi zikhalidwe zawo zimasiyana kwambiri chifukwa cha kuswana kolamulidwa ndi anthu.

Kodi pali mitundu ingati ya agalu? Komanso ndi chiyani chomwe chimafunika kuti mtundu watsopano wa galu uphatikizidwe pamndandanda wamitundu yovomerezeka? Werengani kuti mupeze mayankho a mafunsowa.

Mabungwe ogwirizanitsa agalu amitundu

Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI), yomwe imadziwikanso kuti World Cynological Organisation, ndi bungwe lapadziko lonse lapansi la makalabu a kennel ochokera kumayiko 84, kupatula US, UK ndi Australia. M'mayiko atatuwa, American Kennel Club (AKC), British Kennel Club (KC) ndi Australian National Kennel Council (ANKC) ndi mabungwe olamulira omwe amatanthauzira mitundu ya agalu ndi miyezo yawo. Mabungwewa ali ndi udindo wotsimikizira kugwirizana kwa agalu kuti abereke zofunikira, komanso kukhazikitsa ndi kuonetsetsa kuti agalu azitsatira malamulo amtundu uliwonse m'madera omwe akutumikira.

Kuzindikira mitundu ya agalu

Kuti akhale mtundu wodziwika, galu wamtundu watsopano ali ndi njira yayitali yoti apite. Mayanjano amtundu wa agalu amatha kusiyana pang'ono, kutengera momwe amadziwira kuzindikira mtundu watsopano. Komabe, onse amakonda kutsata chitsanzo cha AKC, chomwe chimafuna kuti chiwerengero cha galu chikhale chokwanira cha mtundu wina wa galu ndi chidwi chokwanira cha dziko kuti zitsimikizire kuzindikira kwa mtunduwo. Kuzindikira mtundu wa galu kumatanthauzanso kuyang'anira thanzi ndi makhalidwe a agalu amtundu umenewo ndikukhazikitsa malamulo owonetsetsa kuti oweta amaweta nyama zathanzi m'njira yotetezeka komanso yakhalidwe labwino.

AKC isanaganizire za mtundu watsopano wamtundu wachilengedwe, iyenera kukhala ndi agalu osachepera 300 mpaka 400 omwe amatenga mibadwo itatu. Payeneranso kukhala kalabu yapadziko lonse yoperekedwa ku mtundu watsopanowu, womwe uli ndi mamembala osachepera 100 okhala m'maboma 20. Kalabuyo iyeneranso kukhala ndi miyezo ndi mikhalidwe yomwe galu ayenera kukwaniritsa kuti atchulidwe ngati mtundu womwe wapatsidwa.

Kalabu yamtundu wamtundu ikakwaniritsa zofunikira zonse pamwambapa, imatha kulembetsa ku AKC kuti ikhale yovomerezeka. Ngati avomerezedwa, mtunduwo ukhoza kutenga nawo gawo mu kalasi "ena" pamawonetsero omwe amachitika ndi AKC. Nthawi zambiri, atatha kutenga nawo mbali m'kalasili kwa zaka zosachepera zitatu, AKC Board of Directors iwunikanso mtunduwo kuti adziwe ngati akukwaniritsa zofunikira komanso ngati adzapatsidwa kuzindikira kwathunthu ndi udindo wawo. Komabe, kuchuluka kwa mitundu yatsopano yomwe yawonjezeredwa ku registry ya AKC imasiyanasiyana chaka ndi chaka, ndi mitundu 25 yatsopano yomwe idalandira udindo kuyambira 2010.

Gulu la mitundu ya agalu

Mabungwe onse akuluakulu ogwirizanitsa agalu amagawa mitundu ya agalu m'magulu kutengera ntchito yomwe galuyo adabadwira. AKC amagawa agalu m'magulu asanu ndi awiri:

Kusaka. Gululi likuphatikizapo agalu omwe amawetedwa kuti azisaka mbalame monga abakha ndi atsekwe. Pachifukwa ichi, AKC ndi ANKC amatchula gululi kuti "owombera mfuti / apolisi". Gululi limaphatikizapo zokolola monga Labradors, Spaniels, ndi Irish Setters, komanso mitundu ina ya Setters.

Ng'ombe. Gulu la hound limaphatikizapo mphutsi zonse ziwiri, monga Afghan hound ndi Irish wolfhound, ndi hounds, monga bloodhound ndi beagle. Agalu a Beagle nthawi zambiri amawetedwa kuti azitsatira agalu akulu ndi ang'onoang'ono. Masiku ano, malinga ndi ArtNet, ena a iwo akufufuza ana omwe akusowa, kupulumutsa anthu omwe akhudzidwa ndi zivomezi pansi pa bwinja, ndipo amamva fungo la tizilombo towononga pazithunzi.

Zoyenda. Agalu a m’gululi poyambirira adawetedwa kuti athandize kulamulira makoswe. Zamphamvu komanso zamphamvu, tinyama tating'onoting'ono timathamangira m'makumba pambuyo pa makoswe ndi makoswe ena, pamene mitundu ikuluikulu imakonda kukumba malo obisalako. Ambiri a iwo ali ndi dzina la malo kumene amachokera, monga Cairn kapena Staffordshire.

Abusa. Mitundu yoweta poyambilira idawetedwa kuti ithandizire kuwongolera ziweto monga nkhosa ndi ng'ombe. Pokhala ochedwa ndi anzeru, iwo ndi osavuta kuphunzitsa ndi kulabadira mwamsanga ku malamulo a anthu. Ichi ndichifukwa chake mitundu ina yoweta, monga German Shepherd, imapanga apolisi apamwamba, asilikali, ndi agalu osaka ndi kupulumutsa.

Ntchito. Mitundu yothandizira ndi mitundu yomwe imawetedwa kuti igwire ntchito zinazake zomwe sizikugwirizana ndi kusaka kapena kudyetsera. Izi zikuphatikizapo agalu othamanga monga Siberian Husky, agalu osaka ndi kupulumutsa monga St. Bernard ndi agalu akuluakulu monga Rottweiler, omwe Rottweiler Club ku United Kingdom amati amaŵetedwa kuti azilondera ng'ombe zomwe zimabweretsedwa kumsika.

Wonyinyirika. Gululi lapangidwa kuti likhale la mitundu yomwe imakhala yovuta kutchula magulu ena. Agalu osasaka amaphatikizapo a Dalmatian, Poodle, ndi Chow Chow, komanso agalu ena omwe amawetedwa chifukwa cha ubwenzi kapena maudindo omwe sakugwirizana ndi magulu ena akuluakulu.

Zipinda-zokongoletsa. Gulu la m'nyumba-zokongoletsa zikuphatikizapo ang'onoang'ono Mitundu. Mitundu ina, monga Yorkshire Terrier (gulu la akalulu) kapena Toy Poodle (gulu losasaka), likadaperekedwa kumagulu ena pakadapanda kukula kwawo kochepa. Monga lamulo, agalu olemera osakwana 5 kg amawetedwa ngati anzawo.

Kodi pali mitundu ingati ya agalu?

Ku United States kokha, mndandanda wa agalu a AKC pano uli ndi mayina 190. Padziko lonse lapansi, FCI ili ndi mitundu 360 yodziwika bwino. Izi sizikuphatikiza mitundu yoyesera yomwe sinalandirebe udindo wawo. Mindanda yovomerezeka siyiphatikizanso agalu amitundu yosiyanasiyana, ngakhale mitanda "yojambula" monga Goldendoodle (Golden Retriever/Poodle mix) kapena Pugle (Beagle/Pug mix).

Ngakhale ana agalu atsopanowa ndi okongola komanso otchuka, chifukwa chakuti ndi agalu amitundu yosiyanasiyana ndipo alibe miyezo yaumoyo yomwe imawapangitsa kuti asayenerere kulandira ziphaso zodziwikiratu. Mofanana ndi mtundu wina uliwonse wotchuka, asanagule galu, eni ake ayenera kuonetsetsa kuti galuyo ndi wathanzi ndipo wowetayo ali ndi makhalidwe abwino. Ndipo mtundu uliwonse umene umathera kumalo osungira nyama kwanuko ukhoza kukhala bwenzi lanu lamuyaya.

Ngakhale pakali pano pali anthu asanu ndi atatu omwe akuyembekeza kuti adzalembetse ntchito omwe adalembedwa m'gulu la AKC "ena" ndipo obereketsa agalu ochita chidwi akupitiliza kuyesa mitundu yatsopano, kuchuluka kwa agalu kukuchulukirachulukira. Koma pamapeto pake, kaya galuyo ndi wa mtundu wovomerezeka kapena wosakanikirana ndi ma mutts angapo, zilibe kanthu kuti amatha kukukondani ndikukhala chiweto chachikulu.