Kodi kulamula galu ndi manja?

Malamulo a manja, monga mukumvetsetsa, ndi zotheka pamene wophunzitsa ali m'munda wa masomphenya a galu. Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika m'mayesero ndi mpikisano m'maphunziro ena, nthawi zina m'mawonetsero agalu. Manja amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri povina agalu. Malamulo a manja angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuwongolera galu wogontha, pokhapokha ngati kolala yamagetsi ikugwiritsidwa ntchito, chizindikiro chomwe chimatanthauza kuyang'ana kwa wothandizira. M'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku, kulamula kwa manja kumatanthauzanso kukhalapo kwa chizindikiro chomwe chimakopa chidwi cha galu kwa mwiniwake.

Ponena za agalu, sikovuta kuti amvetse tanthauzo la manja a anthu, chifukwa amagwiritsa ntchito zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana za pantomime kuti azilankhulana ndi mtundu wawo.

Kuphunzitsa galu kuyankha ndi manja ndikosavuta. Kuti muchite izi, pophunzitsa mwana wagalu kapena galu wamng'ono, mukhoza kulamula ndi mawu anu, kutsagana nawo ndi manja oyenera. Ili ndilo tanthauzo la njira yophunzitsira, yomwe imatchedwa njira yolozera kapena kuloza. Nthawi zambiri amafotokozedwa motere: gwirani chidutswa cha chakudya cha galu kapena masewera m'dzanja lanu lamanja (zonse zomwe zimaperekedwa ndi masewera zimatchedwa chandamale). Mpatseni galuyo lamulo "Khalani!". Bweretsani chandamale ku mphuno ya galu ndikuchisuntha kuchokera kumphuno mmwamba ndi kumbuyo pang'ono - kotero kuti, pofika pa chandamale, galu amakhala pansi. Pambuyo pa maphunziro angapo, chiwerengero chake chimatsimikiziridwa ndi makhalidwe a galu, cholinga chake sichikugwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo manja amapangidwa ndi dzanja "lopanda kanthu". M’nkhani yachiŵiri, galuyo amaphunzitsidwa kaye kuchita zimene zimafunikira ndi kulamula kwa mawu, ndipo galuyo akaphunzira kulamulira mawu, manja amawonjezeredwa kwa iye. Ndipo pambuyo pa magawo angapo a nthawi imodzi yogwiritsira ntchito malamulo ndi mawu ndi manja, amayamba kupereka malamulo kwa galu padera ndi mawu komanso mosiyana ndi manja, kuyesera kuti achite zofunikira pazochitika zonsezi.

Mu General Training Course (OKD), manja amagwiritsidwa ntchito popatsa galu ufulu, kuyitana, kutera, kuyimirira ndi kugona pamene mphunzitsi ali patali ndi galu, pobwereza malamulo kuti atenge chinthu, tumizani galu kumalo ndikugonjetsa zida zolimbitsa thupi.

Pamene akupatsa galu ufulu boma, kutanthauza kuyenda galu popanda leash, dzanja manja osati kubwereza lamulo la mawu, komanso amasonyeza malangizo a kayendedwe ankafuna galu.

Timachita chonchi. Galu ali poyambira, mwachitsanzo, kukhala kumanzere kwako. Mukamasula chingwecho, perekani galuyo lamulo lakuti “Yendani!” ndipo kwezani dzanja lanu lamanja, kanjedza pansi, mpaka kutalika kwa mapewa, molunjika pakuyenda komwe galu akufuna, kenako mumatsitsa mpaka ntchafu ya mwendo wanu wakumanja. Poyamba, wophunzitsayo ayenera kuthamanga mamita angapo munjira yomwe yasonyezedwa kuti afotokozere galu zomwe zimafunika kwa iye.

Kuonjezera apo, zizindikiro zolondolera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito potenga (chizindikiro - dzanja lolunjika lamanja limakwera mpaka paphewa ndi chikhatho pansi, kupita ku chinthu choponyedwa) komanso pamene mukugonjetsa zopinga (chizindikiro - dzanja lamanja lolunjika limakwera pamapewa ndi chikhatho pansi; ku chopinga).

Kuphunzitsa galu kuti afikire wophunzitsa mwa manja, pa nkhani ya ufulu wake, dzina la galu limatchedwa koyamba ndipo panthawi yomwe galu akuyang'ana wophunzitsayo, lamulo limaperekedwa ndi manja: dzanja lamanja, kanjedza. pansi, amakwezedwa kumbali mpaka pamapewa ndipo mwamsanga amatsitsidwa ku ntchafu ndi miyendo yakumanja.

Ngati galuyo waphunzitsidwa kale kuyandikira pa lamulo la mawu, ndiye pambuyo pa kukopa chidwi, amayamba kusonyeza manja, ndiyeno amapereka mawu. Ngati galuyo sanaphunzitsidwepo njirayo, amayenda pa leash yaitali (chingwe, chingwe chopyapyala, etc.). Pambuyo pokopa chidwi cha galuyo ndi dzina lakutchulidwa, amapereka manja ndipo ndi zingwe zopepuka za leash amayambitsa njira ya galuyo. Nthawi yomweyo, mutha kuthawa galuyo kapena kumuwonetsa chandamale chomwe chimamusangalatsa.

Chizindikiro chofika mu OKD chimaperekedwa motere: mkono wowongoka wamanja umakwezedwa kumanja mpaka pamlingo wa phewa, kanjedza pansi, kenako nkuweramira pachigongono pa ngodya yolondola, chikhatho patsogolo. Kawirikawiri, kuterako kumayambitsidwa galu atavomera kukhala pa mawu.

Pali njira ziwiri zosachepera zophunzitsira galu kukhala ndi manja. Poyamba, konzani galuyo poyimirira kapena atagona ndikuyimirira kutsogolo kwake pamtunda wa mkono. Tengani chandamale m'dzanja lanu lamanja ndikuyenda kwa dzanja lanu kuchokera pansi kupita mmwamba, wongolerani galuyo kumtunda. Pochita ndi manja, nenani lamulo. Zoonadi, kuchita izi sizolondola, koma sizowopsa. Tsopano ife tikupanga mu galu lingaliro la zambiri zomwe zili mu manja.

Galu akayamba kuchita malamulo a 2 mosavuta, siyani kugwiritsa ntchito mawu. Pa gawo lotsatira, chotsani chandamalecho poyang'anira galu ndi dzanja "lopanda kanthu". Ndiye zimatsalira kuti pang'onopang'ono zibweretse kusuntha kwa dzanja pafupi ndi zomwe zafotokozedwa m'malamulo.

Mutha kutsata njira yotsatsira komanso njira yokankhira. Imani kutsogolo kwa galuyo moyang'anizana naye. Tengani chingwe m'dzanja lanu lamanzere ndikuchikoka pang'ono. Perekani lamulo la mawu ndikunyamula dzanja lanu lamanja kuchokera pansi mpaka pansi, ndikupanga manja osavuta ndikumenya leash ndi dzanja lanu kuchokera pansi, kukakamiza galu kukhala pansi. Monga momwe zinalili poyamba, pakapita nthawi, siyani kulamula ndi mawu anu.

Chizindikiro cha kuyika mu OKD chimaperekedwa motere: dzanja lamanja lolunjika limakwera kutsogolo mpaka paphewa ndi kanjedza pansi, kenako limagwera pa ntchafu.

Ndikofunikira kuti muyambe kugwira ntchito pa luso la kuyika ndi manja pamene mukugona pa malo akuluakulu ndikusunga malo omwe anapatsidwa ndikuchoka kwa mphunzitsi amaphunzitsidwa.

Konzani galuyo pamalo "kukhala" kapena muchoyikapo. Imani kutsogolo kwake pautali wa mkono, tengani chandamale mu dzanja lanu lamanja ndikusuntha dzanja lanu kuchokera pamwamba mpaka pansi, kudutsa chandamale kudutsa mphuno ya galu, kuloza pa kuyika. Pamene mukutero, nenani lamulo. Zoonadi, mawonekedwewo siwolondola kwambiri, koma ndi ovomerezeka. Pa phunziro lachiwiri kapena lachitatu, cholingacho chimachotsedwa, ndipo pamene galu akuphunzitsidwa, manja amapangidwanso molondola.

Monga momwe zimakhalira potera, kuyika manja kungaphunzitsidwenso ndi njira yokankhira. Mukakonza galuyo mu "sit" kapena poyimilira, imani kutsogolo kwa galuyo moyang'anizana naye pamtunda wa mkono, tengani chingwe m'dzanja lanu lamanzere ndikuchikoka pang'ono. Kenako perekani lamulo la mawu ndikupanga manja ndi dzanja lanu lamanja kuti dzanja ligunde leash kuchokera pamwamba mpaka pansi, kukakamiza galu kugona pansi. M'tsogolomu, siyani mawu olamula kuti galu achitepo kanthu ndi manja.

Chizindikiro chomwe chimayambitsa galu kuyimirira ndikuyimilira chikuchitika motere: mkono wamanja, wopindika pang'ono pachigongono, umakwezedwa mmwamba ndi kutsogolo (pamanja) mpaka pamlingo wa lamba ndi funde.

Koma, musanayambe kuchita luso la kaimidwe ka manja, inu ndi galu wanu muyenera kudziwa kaimidwe kameneka ndikukhala ndi kaimidwe kopatsidwa pamene mphunzitsi akuchoka.

Konzani galuyo "khala" kapena "gone pansi". Imani kutsogolo kwa galuyo moyang'anizana naye motalikirana ndi mkono. Tengani chandamale cha chakudya m'dzanja lanu lamanja, pindani mkono wanu pa chigongono, kubweretsa chandamale ku mphuno ya galu ndikusunthira chandamalecho mmwamba ndi kwa inu, ikani galuyo. Kenaka cholingacho chimachotsedwa ndipo pang'onopang'ono, kuchokera ku phunziro kupita ku phunziro, manja amapangidwa moyandikira komanso pafupi ndi muyezo.

Ngati mukufuna kuphunzitsa galu kuchita mtunda wofunikira, yambani kuwonjezera mtunda pokhapokha galu atayamba kutenga malo omwe mukufuna pa lamulo loyamba moyandikana ndi inu. Chitani mwachifatse. Wonjezerani mtunda kwenikweni sitepe ndi sitepe. Ndipo gwiritsani ntchito "shuttle". Ndiko kuti, pambuyo pa lamulo, yandikirani galu: ngati galu atsatira lamulo, lemekezani; ngati sichoncho, chonde thandizani.