Zosangalatsa za amphaka

Amphaka amaonedwa kuti ndi imodzi mwa nyama zodabwitsa kwambiri padziko lapansi, zomwe zimakhala ndi nkhani zosiyanasiyana komanso nthano zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa nazo. Anthu akhala abwenzi ndi ziweto zaubweya kwa zaka zopitilira 8000 ndipo samatopa ndikupeza zatsopano za amphaka. Kuti mumvetse zizolowezi, chibadwa ndi makhalidwe a zolengedwa zokongolazi, m'pofunika kudziwa mbiri ya chiyambi chawo.

Mbiri yakale

Banja la mphaka linasiyana ndi ma tetrapods ena pafupifupi zaka 40 miliyoni zapitazo. Amaonedwa kuti ndi oimira akale kwambiri pakati pa zinyama zonse. Mphaka wakale kwambiri wapakhomo adapezeka ku Kupro m'manda omwe ali ndi zaka zopitilira 9,5. Nthawi zambiri, pali mitundu yopitilira 40 ya amphaka amphaka padziko lapansi. Chitukuko choyamba chomwe chinaweta nyamazi chinali Igupto Wakale. Mphaka amakondadi chitonthozo cha kunyumba, chakudya chotsimikizika, ndizosavuta kuti azikhala ndi munthu. Koma panthawi imodzimodziyo imakhalabe yodziimira komanso yopanda kugonjetsedwa.  

Amphaka amphaka adakhazikika padziko lonse lapansi: adayamba kukhala ku China ndi India zaka 500 isanafike nthawi yathu. Ndipo kale m'ma 100s anthawi yathu, amphaka adafalikira ku Europe ndi Russia, ndipo m'zaka za zana la XNUMX adafika ku North America. 

Zochititsa chidwi za amphaka ndi izi: mu Greece wakale, anali osowa kwambiri ndipo anali ofunika kwambiri kuposa mikango. Koma ku Asia, mpaka lero, anthu amadya amphaka. Ngati m'zaka zapakati ku Ulaya mphaka ankaonedwa ngati chizindikiro cha matsenga akuda, ndiye kuti ku Russia sanazunzidwe chifukwa cha kugwirizana kwake ndi mdierekezi. Mphaka wamakono akadali ndi ufulu wolowa m'kachisi pamodzi ndi akhristu.

Mfundo za sayansi za amphaka

Ngakhale amphaka ali ndi maso akulu omwe amawalola kusaka mopepuka, nyamazi zimakhala ndi myopic. Komanso, ndi amphaka apakhomo omwe amawona bwino, mosiyana ndi achibale awo a m'misewu. 

Koma amamva zinthu ndi masharubu awo ndipo, kawirikawiri, amakhala ndi fungo labwino kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, pakamwa pa mphaka pali gawo lina lotchedwa vomeronasal organ. Amamuthandiza kuzindikira zomwe akukhala ndikupeza "anansi" ake amphaka. 

Mphaka akamadya mkaka kapena madzi, lilime lake limatuluka pamlingo wa mita imodzi pa sekondi iliyonse. Ndipo pamwamba pa mphuno yake ndi yapadera kwambiri ngati zidindo za munthu. 

Chodabwitsa n'chakuti mphaka satha kutsika mumtengo mozondoka chifukwa cha chipangizo cha zikhadabo. Kuti atsike mumtengowo, akubwerera m’mbuyo. Koma mphaka ndi wodumpha kwambiri moti amatha kutalika kuposa kutalika kwake ndi nthawi 5-6.

Zosangalatsa za Cat za Ana

Osati agalu aku Russia okha Belka ndi Strelka adakwanitsa kuyendera malo, komanso woimira French wa banja la mphaka. Mu October 1963, mphaka Felicette anakwera makilomita 210 pamwamba pa dziko lapansi. Mphindi khumi ndi zisanu mumlengalenga zinamupangitsa kukhala ngwazi ya dziko la France. 

M’mbiri yakale, matsenga ndi ufiti n’zachibadwa mwa amphaka. Choncho, nthawi zambiri amakhala ngwazi za nthano za ana ndi zojambulajambula. Kotero, mu Chitaliyana choyambirira cha Cinderella, mulungu wamkazi anali mphaka. Ndipo mphaka wa Cheshire wochokera ku Alice ku Wonderland wakhala munthu wodabwitsa komanso wodabwitsa kwambiri m'mabuku apadziko lonse lapansi. Mphaka woyamba wa katuni anali Felix, wojambula mu 1919. Ndipo, mwachitsanzo, amphaka 200 amakhala ku park Disneyland. Usiku amakagwira mbewa, ndipo masana amagona m’nyumba zomangidwamo.

Eni amphaka ambiri amazindikira kuti amawatonthoza ndi purrs. Amphaka amakumbukira bwino mkhalidwe wachisoni chaumunthu ndikukhala m'njira yoti athandize mwini wawo kukhala chete. Koma amachita zimenezi kaamba ka phindu lawo. Amphaka samayandikira eni ake ngati akuwona kuti akankhidwa kapena kumenyedwa nawo. 

Mphaka amagwiritsa ntchito luso lake kuti azitha kulankhulana ndi anthu. Ndipo anthu akamalankhula kwambiri ndi amphaka, m'pamenenso amacheza kwambiri ndi amphaka.

Mofanana ndi anthu, amphaka ali ndi makhalidwe 4. Mwachitsanzo, aku Britain ndi Aperisi ndi odekha a phlegmatic, ma buluu aku Russia ndi Maine Coons ndi a sanguine, Thais ndi Bengals ndi choleric osatopa, ma sphinxes ndi oganiza bwino.

Masiku ano ndizovuta kulingalira moyo wanu popanda zolengedwa zodabwitsa izi. Ndipo ngakhale kuti asayansi atulukira mfundo zambiri zokhudza nyamazi, zinsinsi zambirimbiri za nyamazi sizikudziwikabe.