Rotavirus mu basket

Zifukwa za matenda a rotavirus amphaka

Matendawa amapezeka chifukwa cha matenda a m'mimba tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Mitundu ya rotavirus imafalikira padziko lonse lapansi. Kunja, pansi pa maikulosikopu, kachilomboka kamaoneka ngati gudumu: kuzungulira ndi pachimake pakati ndi mizere yosiyana mu mawonekedwe a spokes. Chifukwa chake dzina lake - "rota" limamasuliridwa kuchokera ku Latin kuti "gudumu". Gwero lalikulu la matenda ndi nyama zodwala. Rotavirus enteritis mu amphaka imafalitsidwa ndi njira ya m'kamwa-pakamwa - kudzera muzinthu zowonongeka.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda ndi izi:

• Kuyeretsa mochedwa kwa thireyi zachimbudzi;

• Mbale zogawana ndi zofunda;

• Amphaka akunyambitirana.

Kusunga nyama zingapo m'chipinda chimodzi ndikofunikira, makamaka ngati chiweto chatsopano chikuwonekera m'nyumba. Malo ogona ndi malo ogona ali pachiwopsezo.

Zomwe zimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi matendawa:

• Amphaka aang'ono mpaka miyezi 5;

• Amphaka pansi pa nkhawa;

• nyama zowonda;

• Ziweto zomwe zili ndi matenda ophatikizana monga: matenda a virus osatha (leukemia ndi feline immunodeficiency), parasitosis (worms infestation, giardiasis, cryptosporidiosis, trichomoniasis). Rotavirus mu mphaka yemwe samatuluka panja ndipo samalumikizana ndi nyama zina ndizokayikitsa.

zizindikiro

Njira ya matendawa imatha kugawidwa m'magawo atatu. Gawo loyamba Uku ndiko kulowa kwa kachilomboka m'matumbo. Zimadutsa popanda zizindikiro. Ndi chiyambi cha ntchito yofunika ya rotavirus m'thupi, gawo lachiwiri matenda pamene zizindikiro za matenda kuonekera.

Rotavirus enteritis imatha kukhala ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:

• Zotayirira komanso nthawi zina ngakhale zimbudzi zamadzi;

• Zizindikiro za kuchepa kwa madzi m'thupi - zowuma za mucous nembanemba, kuchepa kwa khungu;

• Kuwonongeka kwa ubweya wa ubweya - ndi wosasunthika, wakuda.

Pazovuta kwambiri za matendawa zikuwoneka:

• Kuchepetsa kudya kapena kukana kwathunthu kudya;

• kuonda;

• Mphwayi.

Ndi kutaya kwambiri madzi m'thupi ndi kukana kudya, chiweto chikhoza kufa.

Nthawi zambiri matendawa ndi asymptomatic.

Asymptomatic ndi pamene mphaka atenga kachilombo, koma amawoneka ndikumva bwino - palibe zizindikiro za matenda. Nthawi yomweyo, nyama zomwe zili ndi kachilomboka, komanso ziweto zomwe zili ndi zizindikiro za matendawa, zimatulutsa rotavirus ndi ndowe m'malo akunja, komwe kumayambitsa matenda.

Amphaka ang'onoang'ono omwe amadya mkaka wa amayi sangakhale ndi kutsekula m'mimba. Mayi mphaka, posamalira amphaka, amanyambita mosamala, kuti eni ake asawone ndowe. Koma mwana wa mphaka wodwala amataya thupi, amatsalira m'mbuyo pakukula ndi chitukuko, zomwe zitha kuwonedwa.

Gawo lachitatu - kuchira. Thupi limachotsa kachilomboka, ndipo zizindikiro za matendawa zimatha.

Kuzindikira kwa rotavirus enteritis mwa amphaka

Rotavirus imapezeka mwa amphaka m'njira yovuta: pamaziko a anamnesis, zizindikiro zachipatala, mayesero a labotale.

Njira yodziwika komanso yayikulu yodziwira matenda a labotale ndi PCR ya ndowe.

PCR ndi polymerase chain reaction yomwe imazindikira kupezeka kwa rotavirus mu chopondapo.

Popeza kuti matenda a rotavirus amphaka ndi ofala komanso azachipatala (ndiko kuti, ndi zizindikiro za matendawa) ndizosowa, ndikofunikira kusiya matenda ena omwe amapezeka ndi chithunzi chofananira chachipatala, mwachitsanzo, zizindikiro za kukhumudwa kwa m'mimba:

• Kugwidwa ndi mphutsi - kuwukira kwa helminthic;

• Kuwukira kwa protozoa - trichomoniasis, giardiasis, cryptosporidiosis;

• Matenda ena a m'mimba - coronavirus, panleukopenia.

Chithandizo cha rotavirus mu amphaka

Pakali pano palibe mankhwala enieni ochizira rotavirus. M’mawu ena, palibe mankhwala amene amapha kachilomboka kapena kufulumizitsa kuchotsedwa kwake m’thupi. Thupi la mphaka pang'onopang'ono limapanga chitetezo cha mthupi chomwe chidzagonjetsa matendawa.

Chithandizo choyenera ndi cholinga chochotsa zizindikiro za matendawa ndikusunga thupi la mphaka. Rotavirus, kulowa m'matumbo, m'kati mwa moyo wake, imatulutsa zinthu zoopsa zomwe zimayambitsa kutupa kwa matumbo ndi poizoni wa thupi - enterotoxins. Chifukwa cha kutupa, kuyamwa kwa madzi ndi zakudya m'matumbo kumasokonekera, kuledzera kumakula, ndipo mabakiteriya a m'matumbo a m'mimba amasokonezeka. M'matumbo muli mabakiteriya ambiri osiyanasiyana (omwe amakhala ndi mabakiteriya a pathogenic), omwe samakhudza thupi lathanzi.

Koma ndi kutupa kwa m'mimba, amayamba kuchulukirachulukira - kuwonjezeka kwa chiwerengero, chomwe chachiwiri chimapangitsa kuti kutupa. Chithandizo umalimbana kuthetsa zimenezi pa thupi. Chithandizo cha mankhwala chimadalira kuopsa kwa zizindikiro ndi kuopsa kwa njira ya matendawa. Choyamba, mankhwala amaperekedwa omwe amamwa poizoni wotulutsidwa ndi ma virus ndikuchotsa, potero amachepetsa mphamvu yawo mthupi.

Pazakudya, chakudya chosavuta kupukutira chikulimbikitsidwa. Pazovuta kwambiri za matendawa, zizindikiro za kuchepa kwa madzi m'thupi zikawoneka, madontho okhala ndi mchere wa electrolyte (0,9% sodium chloride, Ringer's solution, sterofundin) amalembedwa. Maantibayotiki nthawi zambiri safunikira chifukwa sagwira ntchito motsutsana ndi ma virus ndipo nthawi zambiri matenda a rotavirus amphaka amakhala ochepa. Maantibayotiki amaperekedwa chifukwa cha matenda oopsa, pamene zizindikiro za kuledzera, kutaya madzi m'thupi kumasonyezedwa ndipo mphaka amakana kudya. Zikatero, iwo chofunika kupondereza yachiwiri kutupa kwa bakiteriya m`matumbo.

Thandizo loyamba kwa nyama

Pamene madzi akuwonekera mu chopondapo, chinthu choyamba chimene chingachitike ndi kupereka enterosorbent yomwe imatenga poizoni - Enterosgel, Polysorb, Smecta. Imafunika pafupifupi 5-10 ml pa mphaka wamkulu kapena mphaka. Ma Enterosorbents amaperekedwa mosamalitsa pamimba yopanda kanthu, ola limodzi musanadye kapena maola 2 mutatha, 2-3 pa tsiku. Ndikofunika kupereka chiweto chanu chakudya chokwanira komanso madzi aukhondo pagulu.

Ngati chopondapo chotayirira chikawoneka mphaka m'nyumba momwe ziweto zingapo zimasungidwa, ndikwabwino kudzipatula kwa wodwalayo.

Ngati mukuwona zizindikiro za kuchepa kwa madzi m'thupi, kuchepa kwa ntchito kapena kukana kudya, muyenera kukaonana ndi veterinarian kuti akuyezeni.

Kusamalira ziweto

Rotavirus enteritis mu amphaka safuna chisamaliro chapadera cha ziweto. Mofanana ndi matenda ena opatsirana, malamulo otsatirawa ayenera kutsatiridwa:

• Yang'anani momwe zilili (chilakolako, ntchito, chopondapo, kusanza) ndipo, ngati chikuipiraipira, funsani kuchipatala mwamsanga.

• Ngati pali amphaka angapo m'nyumba, ndi bwino kusunga chiweto chodwala payokha.

• Tsukani thireyi yachimbudzi nthawi yake ndi chipinda chomwe chiweto chomwe chili ndi kachilomboka chimasungidwa.

Ngozi kwa anthu

Matenda a rotavirus amatha kufalikira kwa anthu, ngakhale kuti zochitika zoterezi sizichitika kawirikawiri ndipo sizimayambitsa miliri mwa anthu.

Komabe, ndikofunikira kuti eni ziweto aletse amphaka omwe ali ndi kachilomboka kutali ndi ana ang'onoang'ono, makamaka makanda. Pogwira ndowe za nyama yomwe ili ndi kachilombo, njira zodzitetezera ziyenera kuchitidwa, monga kuvala magolovesi a latex ndi kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

Prevention

Matenda a Rotavirus mu ziweto alibe chitetezo chapadera, ndiye kuti, palibe katemera wa matendawa. Koma njira zotsatirazi zingathandize kupewa rotavirus amphaka:

• Ngati mukufuna kubweretsa chiweto chatsopano mnyumbamo, mutha kuyesa rotavirus pasadakhale kuti musatengere kufalikira kwa nyama zina mnyumbamo.

• Ndibwinonso kuti chiweto chomwe changofika kumene chisungidwe kwaokha (mosiyana ndi ena) kwa masiku 21.

• Njira yabwino yopewera mwana wa mphaka ndi mkaka wa mayi, chifukwa uli ndi ma antibodies omwe amatha kuteteza ku rotavirus.

Matenda a Rotavirus mu Amphaka: Zofunikira

1. Ichi ndi matenda a m'mimba a virus omwe ali ponseponse. Itha kukhudza anthu ndi mitundu yambiri ya nyama.

2. Rotavirus imafalikira kudzera mu ndowe ndipo ndi yowopsa kwambiri kwa ana amphaka ang'onoang'ono komanso akuluakulu omwe chitetezo chamthupi chimachepa.

3. Chizindikiro chachikulu ndi chimbudzi chotayirira. Matendawa nthawi zambiri amakhala asymptomatic.

4. Njira yayikulu yodziwira matenda ndi ndowe za PCR.

5. Palibe mankhwala enieni. Thandizo lalikulu ndikuchotsa zizindikiro za kutsekula m'mimba.

6. Pazovuta kwambiri za matendawa, ma droppers amafunikira.

7. Rotavirus imatha kufalikira kuchokera ku ziweto kupita kwa anthu. Posamalira mphaka, muyenera kusamala.

8. Kupewa kwakukulu pamene chiweto chatsopano chikuwonekera m'nyumba ndicho kuphunzira za ndowe.

Sources:

1. Matenda a Molecular Epidemiology of Rotavirus mu Amphaka ku United Kingdom AC German, a,bM. Iturriza-Gomara,aW. Nkhunda, M. Sandrasegaram, T. Nakagomi, co. Nakagomi,cN.Cunliffe,A. D. Radford,a,b ndiK. L. Morganb,d // J Clin Microbiol. 2015 Feb. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4298538/

2. Matenda opatsirana agalu ndi mphaka / [lolembedwa ndi] Craig E. Greene. -4 ed. 2012.

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