Shingu retroculus

Xingu retroculus, dzina la sayansi Retroculus xinguensis, ndi wa banja la Cichlidae. Osati cichlid yotchuka kwambiri ya ku America, makamaka chifukwa cha maonekedwe ake osadziwika bwino komanso mikhalidwe ya moyo (mafunde amphamvu) omwe sali oyenerera nsomba zina zambiri za m'madzi opanda mchere. Amalangizidwa m'madzi am'madzi am'madzi kapena ma biotopes.

Habitat

Amachokera ku South America kuchokera ku beseni la Mtsinje wa Xingu ndi mtsinje wamanzere, Iriri, womwe umadutsa m'dera la Brazil (zigawo za Para ndi Mato Grosso.). Pali zolembedwa kuti mtundu uwu wa cichlid wapezekanso mumtsinje wa Tapajos. Zimapezeka m'zigawo za mitsinje yokhala ndi mafunde ambiri komanso mwachangu, nthawi zina mafunde. Madera oterowo amakhala ndi miyala yamitundu yosiyanasiyana, yamchenga ndi miyala.

Zambiri mwachidule:

• Kuchuluka kwa aquarium - kuchokera ku 700 malita.
• Kutentha - 26-32 ° C
• Mtengo pH - 6.0-8.0
• Kuuma kwa madzi - 1-12 dGH
• Mtundu wa gawo lapansi - mchenga, miyala
• Kuwala - kuchepetsedwa
• Madzi amchere - ayi
• Kuyenda kwamadzi - pang'onopang'ono, mwamphamvu
• Kukula kwa nsomba ndi 15-20 cm.
• Chakudya - chakudya chilichonse
• Kutentha - kokhazikika mwamtendere
• Zomwe zili mugulu la anthu osachepera 5-8

Kufotokozera

Amuna akuluakulu amafika kutalika mpaka 20 cm. Akazi ndi ochepa - pafupifupi 15 cm. Amuna amasiyananso mawonekedwe ndi mtundu wa zipsepse zam'mimba ndi kumatako, zimakhala zosongoka komanso zofiira, pomwe mwa akazi zimakhala zozungulira zotuwa. Mu mwachangu ndi nsomba zazing'ono, dimorphism yogonana imawonetsedwa mofooka.

Kupaka utoto kumakhala ndi kuphatikiza kwa chikasu chotumbululuka, chobiriwira ndi imvi. Mikwingwirima yopingasa yakuda kwambiri imawonekera pathupi.

Food

Mitundu ya omnivorous, imadyetsa makamaka pansi, koma imatha kutenga chakudya m'madzi. Chakudyacho chikhoza kukhala ndi chakudya chowuma chophatikizana ndi nsomba zamoyo kapena mazira a brine, daphnia, mphutsi zamagazi, mphutsi za udzudzu, komanso mphutsi zazing'ono, ndi zina zotero. Nthawi zina, nsomba zazing'ono zimatha kudyedwa.

Ndikofunika kuti chakudyacho chili ndi zowonjezera zitsamba, monga spirulina flakes. Dyetsani zakudya zazing'ono 3-5 pa tsiku.

Kusamalira ndi kusamalira, makonzedwe a aquarium

Kukula koyenera kwa aquarium kwa gulu la nsomba 5-8 kumayambira 700 malita. Zokongoletsera ziyenera kufanana ndi malo achilengedwe: miyala yamitundu yosiyanasiyana, matabwa a driftwood, mchenga ndi miyala yamtengo wapatali. Ndizotheka kuwonjezera zomera zodzichepetsa zomwe zimatha kukula m'malo ocheperako kapena amphamvu. Mitundu yokhazikika pamiyala kapena pamitengo imakonda. Nthawi zina, mapampu owonjezera amafunikira kuti apange kutuluka kwamkati, ngakhale zosefera zogwira mtima nthawi zambiri zimalimbana ndi ntchitoyi.

Xingu retroculuses ndi kusalolera kudzikundikira organic zinyalala ndipo amafuna mkulu mlingo wa mpweya kusungunuka m'madzi. Kusunga bwino kumadalira pakupereka madzi okhazikika popanda kusintha kwadzidzidzi kutentha ndi hydrochemical values. Komanso, kuchuluka kowopsa kwa zinthu za nayitrogeni (ammonia, nitrites, nitrate) sayenera kuloledwa kufikira. Kukwaniritsa bwino zachilengedwe kumatheka mwa kukhazikitsa zida zofunika (zosefera, ma aerators, ma heaters, magetsi owunikira, ndi zina) ndikukonza aquarium nthawi zonse. Zotsirizirazi zikuphatikizanso mlungu uliwonse m'malo mwa madzi ndi madzi abwino, kuchotsa zinyalala za organic monga chakudya ndi zotsalira zoyesera, kukonza zida, ndi zina zambiri.

Khalidwe ndi Kugwirizana

Nsomba zamtendere, koma zimatha kukhala zoopsa kwa mitundu yaying'ono kwambiri, ndipo sizikuvomerezeka kuti ziphatikizidwe ndi nsomba zokhala pansi monga nsomba zam'madzi ndi char. Kusankhidwa kwa oyandikana nawo a aquarium kumachepetsedwanso ndi malo osokonekera a Retroculus Xingu. Kuonjezera apo, pa nthawi yobereketsa, yamphongo imakhala yaukali kwambiri kwa iwo omwe amalowa m'dera lake.

Ndi bwino kusunga gulu la anthu osachepera 5-8 amuna ndi akazi. Ndi ziwerengero zochepa, amuna odziwika bwino a alpha amatha kuthamangitsa ma congeners ofooka.

Kuswana / kuswana

Pazikhalidwe zabwino, nsomba amatha kupereka ana ndi pafupipafupi enviable. Pamene nyengo ya makwerero imayamba, yaimuna ndi yaikazi amapanga kwanthawi yochepa. Kutengera ndi kukula kwa gulu, pakhoza kukhala angapo awiriawiri otere. Awiriwa amakhala ndi malo pansi pa aquarium ndipo, pambuyo pa chibwenzi chachifupi, amakonzekera chisa - dzenje pansi. Yaikazi imaikira mazira okwana 200 ndi malo omata, pomwe mchenga ndi zinyalala zosiyanasiyana zimamatira nthawi yomweyo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azilemera komanso kuti asatengeke ndi kutuluka. Kutalika kwa makulitsidwe kumatenga masiku 3-4, pakatha sabata lina amayamba kusambira momasuka. Nthawi yonseyi, makolo amateteza ana, akuthamangitsa pachisa onse omwe angakhale oopsa kwa iwo.

Nsomba matenda

Choyambitsa chachikulu cha matenda chimakhala m'malo otsekeredwa, ngati apitilira malire ovomerezeka, ndiye kuti kuponderezana kwa chitetezo chamthupi kumachitika ndipo nsomba zimatha kutenga matenda osiyanasiyana omwe amapezeka m'chilengedwe. Ngati kukayikira koyamba kukabuka kuti nsombayo ikudwala, chinthu choyamba ndikuyang'ana magawo a madzi ndi kukhalapo kwa zinthu zoopsa za nitrogen cycle. Kubwezeretsa zinthu zabwinobwino / zoyenera nthawi zambiri kumalimbikitsa machiritso. Komabe, nthawi zina, chithandizo chamankhwala chimakhala chofunikira. Werengani zambiri za zizindikiro ndi mankhwala mu gawo la Aquarium Fish Diseases.