Akamba ku Russia: ndi mitundu yanji yomwe imakhalapo ndipo imapezeka mwachilengedwe chathu

Akamba ali m'gulu la nyama zakale kwambiri padziko lapansi - pali mitundu pafupifupi mazana atatu ya zokwawa zachilendozi padziko lonse lapansi. Russia inalinso chimodzimodzi - ngakhale nyengo yotentha kwambiri m'madera ambiri, mitundu inayi ya akamba imakhala m'dera la dzikolo.

Kamba waku Central Asia

Akamba okhawo omwe amapezeka ku Russia amatchedwanso akamba a steppe. Mitundu imeneyi imapezeka m'chigawo cha Kazakhstan komanso m'madera onse a ku Central Asia. Pakalipano, zamoyozo zatsala pang'ono kutha ndipo zalembedwa mu Red Book, kotero oimira ake sangapezeke m'masitolo a ziweto. Kamba wakumtunda uyu ali ndi izi:

• chipolopolo chaching'ono chofiirira-chikasu chokhala ndi mawanga amdima osadziwika bwino - chiwerengero cha grooves pa scutes chimagwirizana ndi zaka za nyama;
• kukula kwa chipolopolo cha munthu wamkulu kumafika 25-30 cm (akazi ndi akulu kuposa amuna) - kukula kumawonedwa moyo wonse;
• miyendo yakutsogolo ndi yamphamvu, yokhala ndi zikhadabo zinayi, miyendo yakumbuyo imakhala ndi nyanga;
• Avereji ya moyo ndi zaka 30-40, nthawi ya kutha msinkhu kwa akazi ndi zaka 10, kwa amuna - zaka 6;
• nthawi ya hibernation kawiri pachaka - imaphatikizapo miyezi yachisanu ndi nthawi ya kutentha kwa chilimwe.

Anthu a ku Central Asia ndi odzichepetsa, sadwala kawirikawiri, amafulumira komanso amakhala ndi khalidwe losangalatsa; Zikakhala kunyumba, sizimagona nthawi zambiri. Zinthu zotere zapangitsa kuti zokwawa izi zizidziwika kwambiri ndi ziweto.

ZOCHITA: Akamba aku Soviet Central Asia adakwanitsa kupita mumlengalenga - mu 1968, zida zofufuzira za Zond 5 zomwe zidakhala ndi oimira awiri amitundu yomwe zidakwera zidazungulira Mwezi, pambuyo pake zidabwereranso padziko lapansi. Akamba onsewa anapulumuka, akungotaya 10 peresenti ya kulemera kwa thupi lawo.

Kamba wa ku Ulaya

Kuphatikiza pa akamba akumtunda, akamba am'madzi amakhalanso m'gawo la Russia. Mitundu yodziwika kwambiri ndi kamba wam'madzi, malo ake okhala ndi madera apakati, omwe amadziwika ndi nyengo yotentha ya kontinenti. Zokwawa izi zimakonda kukhala m'mphepete mwa maiwe, nyanja ndi madambo, ndichifukwa chake adapeza dzina lawo. Zizindikiro za chinyama ndi izi:

• chowulungika elongated wobiriwira chipolopolo;
• mtundu wake ndi wobiriwira wakuda, wokhala ndi zigamba zachikasu;
• kukula - 23-30 cm;
• imadyetsa tizilombo, yomwe imasonkhanitsa pamtunda pansi pa masamba ndi udzu;

Akambawa ndi ovuta kuwazindikira - akamawayandikira, anthu nthawi yomweyo amadumphira ndikubisala pansi pa silt. Amazizira m'nyengo ya hibernation pansi pa dziwe, ndipo amadzuka m'chaka pamene madzi amawotha mpaka + 5-10 madigiri.

ZOFUNIKA KWAMBIRI: M'zaka zaposachedwa, chiwerengero cha zamoyo padziko lonse lapansi chachepa, chomwe chimathandizidwanso ndi kufalikira kwachangu kwa kamba yoopsa kwambiri ya omnivorous red-eared kamba.

Pond slider

Dziko lakwawo la zokwawa izi ndi America, komwe mitunduyi yafalikira ngati ziweto chifukwa cha kukongola kwake komanso kudzichepetsa. Mafashoni aku America adafalikira padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo akamba okhala ndi makutu ofiira pang'onopang'ono adakhala gawo la nyama zachilengedwe za mayiko omwe ali ndi nyengo yofatsa. Izi zidachitika chifukwa eni ake ambiri osasamala adatulutsa ziweto zawo zakutchire kuthengo. Zokwawa izi zimasiyanitsidwa ndi izi:

• mtundu wobiriwira-wachikasu, mawanga ofiira owala pamutu pafupi ndi maso;
• kukula kwa munthu wamkulu ndi pafupifupi 30 cm (oimira akuluakulu amapezeka);
• kugwa mu hibernation pamene kutentha kwa mpweya kumatsika pansi -10 madigiri;
• amadya zakudya zomanga thupi zamtundu uliwonse, zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu pakukula kwachilengedwe kwachilengedwe.

Akamba okhala ndi makutu ofiira adabweretsedwanso kudziko lathu ngati ziweto zachilendo. Mpaka posachedwa, kugundana konse ndi oimira zamtunduwu m'chilengedwe cha Russia kumawonedwanso mwangozi ndipo kunali kokhudzana ndi anthu apakhomo omwe adatulutsidwa kuthengo. Koma nthawi zambiri, zokwawa zakutchire zimalembetsedwa, komanso anthu awo oyamba, kotero tinganene kuti akamba ofiira amapezeka kumadera akumwera kwa Europe m'dziko lathu.

Kanema: kamba wam'madzi ndi makutu ofiira m'madzi a Moscow

Kamba wa Kum'mawa kwakutali

Zomwe sizingawonekere m'dziko lathu ndi kamba wa Kum'mawa kwa Far East kapena trionics (aka Chinese) - chiwerengero cha zamoyozo ndi chochepa kwambiri moti chimadziwika kuti chatsala pang'ono kutha. Nyamayi ili ndi mawonekedwe achilendo:

• chipolopolo chozungulira chokhala ndi mbali zofewa, m'mimba mwake mpaka 25-40 cm;
• mtundu wobiriwira-bulauni wokhala ndi utoto wachikasu;
• zala zisanu ndi ulusi;
• khosi lalitali ndi lalitali mphuno-proboscis ndi mphuno.

Amakhala m'mphepete mwa malo osungira madzi opanda madzi opanda madzi opanda mpweya, nthawi zambiri amakhala pansi pamadzi.

The peculiarity kapangidwe ka mphuno amalola kuvumbulutsa pamwamba pamwamba ndi kupuma mpweya popanda kupereka pamaso pawo. Ku Russia, ma trionics amatha kuwoneka kumwera kwa Far East, malo okhala ndi Amur ndi madera a Khanka.

Kanema: Kamba wa Kum’maŵa Wakum’mawa ali kuthengo

Mitundu ina

Akamba aku Russia amangokhala ndi mitundu inayi - koma nthawi zina mutha kukumana ndi oimira zokwawa zam'madzi zomwe zasambira kuchokera m'mitundu yawo. Pamphepete mwa nyanja ya Black Sea, mukhoza kuonanso wachibale wa kamba wa ku Central Asia - Mediterranean, mitundu ya pamtunda, yomwe ilinso pafupi kutha.

M'madera omwe ali pafupi ndi Caucasus, fulu ya Caspian imapezeka - nyama yodzichepetsayi yatchuka kwambiri ngati chiweto chosangalatsa.