Mavuto a Aquarium - zonse zokhudza akamba ndi akamba
Nkhaniyi ifotokoza zovuta zodziwika bwino zomwe zimachitika m'madzi am'madzi, monga filimu pamadzi, zobiriwira ndi algae zina mu aquarium, nyongolotsi ndi tizilombo tosiyanasiyana.
filimu pa madzi
Mapangidwe a plaque pamwamba pa madzi mu mawonekedwe a filimu ndi chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa zinthu zosiyanasiyana ndi zonyansa m'madzi: nthawi zambiri filimuyi imapezeka chifukwa cha kulowetsa fumbi mu aquarium chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa zotsalira za organic. - Zakudya ndi zinyalala za anthu okhala m'madzi.
Ndi mavuto ati omwe angabwere kuchokera mufilimuyi?
Choyamba, imatha kukhala malo oberekerako momwe mabakiteriya owopsa angakulire. Kachiwiri, filimuyi imasokoneza kutuluka kwa okosijeni mu dziwe lamkati, zomwe zimabweretsa kuphwanya kwa kayendedwe kake.
Kodi kuthana ndi vuto?
Pali njira zingapo zothanirana ndi filimuyi: 1) Mothandizidwa ndi fyuluta yomwe iyenera kulunjika pamwamba pa madzi kuti iwononge filimuyo. Njira imeneyi si yaukhondo komanso yokongola, chifukwa filimuyo idzayandama mumtsinje wamadzi, ngati "shaggy shreds" woonda. 2) Koma mungakumbukire njira "yachikale": chopukutira chowuma chowuma chimatengedwa, chofutukulidwa bwino ndikuyikidwa mosamala pamadzi. Pambuyo pa masekondi angapo (3-5) imachotsedwanso mosamala pamodzi ndi filimu yomwe yamamatira pamwamba pake!
Njirayi iyenera kubwerezedwa kangapo, pambuyo pake pansi pamadzi ayenera kutsukidwa kuchokera ku dothi ndipo gawo la madzi liyenera kusinthidwa: pafupifupi 20-25% ya chiwerengero chonse cha aquarium. Tsopano mutha kuyatsa fyuluta ndi aerator: filimuyo yapita!
Koma, monga ambiri amamvetsetsa, matendawa ndi osavuta kupewa kuposa kuchiza pambuyo pake. Nawa maupangiri osavuta koma ofunikira okuthandizani kuti filimu isawonekere mtsogolo:
- pewani kudyetsa pafupipafupi chakudya chowuma (chomwe chimayandama pamwamba pamadzi) kwa akamba, chifukwa chimakhala ndi mafuta omwe amayambitsa filimu, powona kuti akamba sanadye chakudya chawo, ndi bwino kuchotsa.
- ngati pakufunika kukwera m'madzi ndi manja anu, ndiye kuti muzimutsuka bwino pansi pamadzi osagwiritsa ntchito sopo, chifukwa manja a anthu amathanso kukhala "gwero" lamafuta (thukuta);
- madzi m'malo ayenera kutetezedwa kwa masiku osachepera atatu;
- Onetsetsani kuti mugwiritse ntchito chivundikiro cha aquarium, chifukwa chidzateteza madzi ku fumbi.
Gwero: Gulu VK "Aquarium Magnitogorsk"
Algae mu aquarium
Zimangothandiza kutsuka aquarium ndi zida zonse ndi soda, miyala ndi zonse zomwe zingathe kuwiritsa. Pambuyo pake, muyenera kupukuta chirichonse ndi madzi a mandimu, ndiye muzimutsuka bwino. Ngati pali zomera zamoyo, zisungeni m'madzi amchere.
| algae wa filamentous
| Pali mitundu ingapo ya algae ya filamentous: Edogonium - zimawonekera ngati mbewu zomwe zili mu aquarium zilibe macronutrients (nitrate ndi phosphates). Ndikofunika kuwonjezera ma macronutrients kapena kugwiritsa ntchito AQUAYER Algicide + CO2, odya algae ambiri - nsomba ndi shrimps (mollies, odya algae a Siamese, amano shrimp) amathandizanso. Cladophora - zikuwoneka ndi kusayenda bwino kwa madzi mu aquarium komanso kupezeka kwa malo opumira momwe cladophora amakhala. AQUAYER Algicide + CO2 imathandiza nayo, imatsukidwa bwino ndi manja. Spirogyra - zikuwoneka chifukwa cha kuwala kochuluka. Mutha kuzichotsa mosavuta ndi manja anu, komanso kutsitsa mulingo wowunikira, kukweza kutentha kwa aquarium ndikuyambitsa nsomba ndi nsomba zodya algae. Rhizoclonium - zimawonekera chifukwa cha kusakhazikika kwa nayitrogeni. Pofuna kuthana nawo, AQUAYER Algicide + CO2, kubwezeretsanso kwa nayitrogeni ndi neocaridina shrimp ndizoyenera. |
| Madzi pachimake ndi wobiriwira pachimake
| Euglena wobiriwira zimapangitsa kuti madzi aziphuka. Chifukwa cha maonekedwe ake ndi nyengo yamaluwa yamadzi mu chilengedwe, komanso kuwala kwa dzuwa kugwera pa aquarium. Kugwiritsa ntchito nyali yapadera ya aquarium ultraviolet sterilizer kokha kumathandiza, komanso kusintha kwakukulu kwa madzi. Mukhozanso kuyesa kusefa madzi omwe amalowa mu fyuluta ndi nsalu yokhuthala. xenococus imadziwonetsera ngati zokutira zobiriwira pamiyala ndi makoma a aquarium. Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe a algae ndikuwunikira kowonjezereka kwa aquarium ndi kusowa kwa CO2, komanso kusinthasintha kwakukulu kwa ndende yake. Ngati aquarium yayatsidwa, ndiye kuti sizingatheke kuchotsa algae, koma kusintha kwamadzi nthawi zonse, kuyatsa kwa maola osapitirira 8 (1 W / l), nkhono (theodoxus, fizy, coils) ndi nsomba ( otocinclus ndi ancistrus) thandizo. |
| Algae wofiira (black algae)
| Ndevu zakuda - Algae ofiirawa amawonekera m'madzi chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa zinthu zamoyo. Njira yayikulu yothanirana ndi ndevu zakuda ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa zinthu zachilengedwe (siphon nthaka, kusintha madzi pafupipafupi komanso zambiri). Ngati fyuluta yakunja ikugwiritsidwa ntchito, ndiye kuti carbon activated iyenera kuwonjezeredwa. AQUAYER Algicide + CO2 imathandizanso (koma osati nthawi yomweyo pogwiritsa ntchito malasha). Odya algae a Siamese amachitanso bwino ndi algae awa. Nyanga ya Deer (Vietnamese) - algae iyi ikuwonekeranso chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa zinthu zamoyo, ndipo njira zothanirana nazo ndizofanana ndi ndevu zakuda. |
| Brown algae (diatoms)
| Ndere zofiirira - amawonekera mu aquarium chifukwa cha kuwala kochepa (nthawi zambiri m'madzi am'madzi opanda zomera). Atha kuwoneka panthawi yoyambira ngakhale aquarium yobzalidwa chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa ammonium, koma amazimiririka paokha pamene kuzungulira kwa nayitrogeni kukhazikitsidwa. Sizingakhale zofunikira kuzichotsa pamakoma ndi zokongoletsera, chifukwa zidzadyedwa ndi nkhono wamba - akatswiri a sayansi ya zakuthambo ndi zophimba. |
| Mtchire wobiriwira
| Mtchire wobiriwira ndi mabakiteriya omwe amawonekera chifukwa cha kuwonjezereka kwa pH ndi kuchuluka kwa mankhwala omwe amadya nawo mwachangu. Algae izi zimatulutsa zinyalala zapoizoni zomwe zingayambitse matenda mu nsomba ndi kufota kwa zomera za m'madzi. Mutha kulimbana ndi ndere izi ndi maantibayotiki ndi antiseptics (mwachitsanzo, bicillin kapena bwino - hydrogen peroxide). Chithandizo cham'deralo cha madera ovuta mu aquarium chimathetsa vutoli mwachangu ndi algae wobiriwira. Mukakonza, musapitirire kuchuluka kwa hydrogen peroxide (3%) 1 ml pa malita atatu amadzi am'madzi. Hydrogen peroxide imaukira ndere izi kuchokera mbali ziwiri. Monga antiseptic, imawononga ma cell a bakiteriya ndipo, monga oxidizing, imawola ma organic compounds omwe amadya. |
Werengani zambiri za algae pa aquascape-promotion.com
Kuuma kwa madzi
M’mizinda ina, ngakhalenso m’madera ena a mzinda umodzi, madzi ndi olimba kuposa m’malo ena. Kodi izi zimabweretsa chiyani? Makoma a aquarium, nthaka, fyuluta, chotenthetsera ndi kamba yemweyo amakutidwa ndi zokutira zoyera zolimba. Pali njira zingapo zochepetsera kuuma kwa madzi:
- Kuwira. Pophika, mukhoza kuchepetsa kuuma kwa madzi, koma osati kuchuluka kwa mchere. Ngati muwiritsa madzi kwa theka la ola, ndiye kuti kuuma mutatha kuwira kudzachepa pafupifupi theka. Koma pakuwona zomwe zili zothandiza kufufuza madzi, madzi owiritsa amaonedwa kuti ndi akufa, ndipo kuuma kwa carbonate kumachepetsedwa. Pambuyo kuwira, madziwo atakhazikika kutentha kwa firiji, kenako amathiridwa ndi payipi kumtunda kwa aquarium. Simungathe kukwaniritsa kutsika koyenera kwa kuuma motere, koma chifukwa cha kuphweka kwake komanso kupezeka kwake, mungagwiritse ntchito njirayi.
- Madzi osungunuka. Njira yosavuta yochepetsera kuuma ndikuwonjezera madzi osungunuka. Powonjezera madzi ofewa, mudzachepetsa kuuma kwathunthu kwamadzi mu aquarium. Koma apa mutha kukumana ndi zovuta zina - nthawi zina pamafunika kuchuluka kwa distillate, zomwe sizingatheke kupeza. Kugwiritsa ntchito madzi osungunuka kumathandiza kuchepetsa ngakhale kuuma kosatha, koma kungayambitse kuchepa kwa micronutrient.
- Gwiritsani ntchito madzi opanda mchere am'mabotolo. Iyi ndi njira yokwera mtengo kwambiri ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino pokhapokha ngati simusintha madzi mu aquarium ndipo muli ndi fyuluta yabwino.
- Lembani aquarium ndi madzi akumwa zosefera, zomwe zimachepetsa pang'ono kuuma kwa madzi.
- ion kusinthana utomoni. Ngati mukufunikira kuchepetsa kuuma kwa madzi ndi makumi a malita, ndiye kuti ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito resins ion-exchange resins. Mudzatsuka madzi ndi mizati yosinthira ion ndi ma resin osiyanasiyana m'chipindamo. Pali chiwerengero chachikulu cha iwo, koma si onse omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito kusintha kuuma. Komabe, ndikufuna ndikulangizeni kuti mugule kukhazikitsa kwapadera komwe kumachepetsa madzi kuchokera kumadzi athu. Kodi chida ichi ndi chiyani? Chidebe chaching'ono chomwe muli utomoni wa ion-exchange resin, momwe machubu awiri (chotulukira ndi cholowera) amadutsa. Chubu chimodzi chiyenera kulumikizidwa ndi madzi, ndipo chachiwiri chidzatulutsa kale madzi ofewa kuposa momwe adalowera.
- Kuzizira. Palinso njira ina yosavuta koma yowononga nthawi yopezera madzi ofewa - pogwiritsa ntchito kuzizira. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kutenga chidebe chachikulu chamadzi chopanda madzi ozizira ndikuchiwumitsa kuti 1/3 kapena ¼ yamadzi ikhale yosazizira pakati. Zomwe sizimazizira, muyenera kukhetsa, ndipo chisanu chisungunuke ndikutsanulira mu aquaterrarium. Iwo likukhalira kuti madzi ozizira akuyesera kuchotsa owonjezera kusungunuka mchere. Mcherewu umakankhidwira pakati pa chidebecho ndipo umamaliza kuzizira. Pali nuance yofunika kwambiri - simungaphonye mfundo yofunika.
- Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kuchepetsa kuuma kwa madzi.
- Zomera zam'madzi. Pofuna kufewetsa madzi, zomera za m'nyanja za elodea ndi hornwort, egropila, ndi char zomera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Calcium imayikidwa ngati kutumphuka pamitengo iyi, kenako imatsukidwa ndi madzi oyenda.
- Kugwiritsa ntchito peat kapena alder cones. Sefa madzi kudzera pa peat yowonjezeredwa ku fyuluta yakunja kapena yamkati kapena kuyika mu thumba mu chidebe chokhala ndi madzi okhazikika. Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito peat yapadera mu granules kwa aquarium. Mukhoza kuwonjezera decoction wa cones alder. Koma kuuma kwa izo kumachepetsa pang'ono, kungathe kuwonjezeredwa kumadzi okhazikika kapena ku aquaterrarium yokha.
- Chemistry ya Aquarium. malinga ndi malangizo.
Mvula ndi kusungunula madzi kuchokera mumsewu si oyenera akamba, chifukwa. wodzaza kwambiri ndi mpweya wamakampani.
Gawo lazidziwitso - Yulia Kozlova
Nyongolotsi zimasambira mu aquarium
Ngati muwona mphutsi zoyera mu aquarium, ndiye kuti izi ndi helminths. Zitha kukhala kuchokera ku nsomba, nkhono zam'madzi, mbewa zakutchire, ndi zina.
Ngati mphutsi zili zakuda, ndiye kuti izi ndi mphutsi za planar kapena mphutsi za udzudzu. Mulimonsemo, akamba sali owopsa.
Mukhozanso Mukufuna
Kukakamiza akamba
Kalendala ya Kamba Wapakhomo
