Broiler matenda: kufotokoza matenda awo, zizindikiro ndi njira mankhwala

Amakhulupirira kuti broilers ndi mtundu womwe umakulira chifukwa cha nyama. Ndi zoona? Tiyeni tiyambe ndi mfundo yakuti broilers ndi mzere wosakanizidwa mwapadera. Anapezedwa pakuwoloka, pogwiritsa ntchito anthu angapo amtundu wa nyama. Popanda kulowererapo kwa anthu, mtundu woterewu sungakhalepo. Zoona zake n’zakuti anthuwa ali ndi makhalidwe enaake ochita kupanga omwe sasungidwa mwa ana otsatira. Pachifukwa ichi, m'badwo uliwonse wotsatizana umafunika kulowetsedwa kwa magazi a fuko losadziwika.

Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti lero pali mitundu ina ya ziweto. Izi zikuphatikizapo:

• broiler tsekwe;
• Mfumukazi;
• broiler bakha.

Sayansi yamakono ikupita patsogolo, kotero lero ndizotheka kuwonjezera kulemera kwa thupi la munthu kufikira nthawi makumi asanu kwa mwezi umodzi ndi theka. Veterinarians ndi geneticists abwera ndi njira yopita patsogolo yonenepa, komanso kusunga nkhuku ya broiler. Chodabwitsa n'chakuti zakudya zomwe zimaperekedwa mumtundu wa makilogalamu awiri a chakudya zimakupatsani mwayi wolemera mpaka kilogalamu imodzi. Palibe nyama yomwe imatha kudabwa ndi kukula kofulumira kotere. Ndicho chifukwa chake kuswana kwa mtundu uwu kumatchuka kwambiri pakati pa alimi amakono.

Nkhuku matenda

Mtundu uliwonse wosakanizidwa wa precocious ndi wofewa komanso wosangalatsa. Ubwana wawo ndi wofunika kwambiri, choncho amafunikira udindo ndi chisamaliro chapadera. Kafukufuku ndi kupenyerera zidatulutsa nyengo zowopsa kwambiri. Izi zikuphatikizapo nthawi kuyambira tsiku loyamba mpaka lachisanu, kuyambira pa makumi awiri ndi zinayi mpaka pa makumi awiri ndi zisanu. Komanso kuyambira tsiku la makumi atatu ndi zisanu mpaka tsiku la makumi anayi. Pa nthawi imeneyi, broilers kusonyeza kuwonjezeka sensitivity kwa m`mimba thirakiti. Matenda a nkhuku ya broiler: enteritis, cuticulitis, gastritis.

Komanso, nthawi zambiri nkhuku imadwala matenda opuma. Matenda a nkhuku za broiler angakhale motere: sinusitis, bronchitis, chibayo. Nthawi zambiri, broilers amakhalanso ndi nkhawa ndi matenda a mafupa. Kuti chithandizocho chikhale chopambana, ndikofunika kuzindikira matendawa mwamsanga. Kuti muzindikire matendawa molondola komanso mwachangu, muyenera kudziwa zizindikiro zake.

Monga lamulo, pafupifupi matenda onse a broiler amawonekera chifukwa cha chisamaliro chosayenera. Awa ndi matenda omwe samapatsirana. Mwachibadwa, munthu yekha ndi amene ali ndi mlandu wa matenda ameneŵa.

Dyspepsia

M'masiku ochepa chabe palibe chotukuka m'mimba dongosolo. Chinsinsi chake chapamimba chimakhala ndi acidity yochepa komanso ma enzymes am'mimba. Chifukwa cha zakudya zomwe zidapangidwa molakwika, matenda am'mimba amapezeka.

Kuphatikiza pa chifukwa chomwe chimayambitsa dyspepsia ndi dongosolo losakhazikika la m'mimba, kudyetsa chakudya chilichonse chomwe chili ndi nkhungu, zowola, ndizowopsa kwa broilers. Ngati nkhuku imwa madzi abwino, imadyetsedwa pambuyo pa njala, kapena zakudya zosagawika zimalowetsedwa muzakudya, dyspepsia imawonedwanso. Dziwani kuti zakudya zosagawika ndi izi: rye, balere, mafuta.

Ndi kwambiri osafunika kwa achinyamata nyama ndi mwadzidzidzi kusintha kuchokera chakudya kupita ku chimzake, kapena kumayambiriro zachilendo chakudya. Chakudya chosazolowereka chimaphatikizapo: udzu watsopano, silage, chakudya cha mapuloteni.

Chifukwa cha dyspepsia kungakhalenso kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi mu nkhuku za amayi ng'ombe. Zakudya zosayenera zimabweretsa kuphwanya kukula kwa mwana wosabadwayo.

Kupanda mavitamini ena, mchere, zolakwika mu chisamaliro ndi predisposing zinthu kufala kwa matenda. Zinthuzi zikachita, ndiye kuti ntchito ya chimbudzi imayamba kusokonezeka mu mbalame. Pamenepa, chakudyacho chimangotsala pang’ono kuchedwa, kuwola ndi kuwononga thupi. Tsoka ilo, zikatero, imfa imachitika.

Monga lamulo, nkhuku ikadwala, maonekedwe ake ali ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi: kufooka, kufooka. Mwanapiye sakudya bwino, khosi latambasulidwa, ndipo maso ali otsekedwa. Chizindikiro chachikulu ndi kutsekula m'mimba. Lili ndi mtundu wachikasu-wobiriwira, woyera, kapena bulauni. Nthawi zambiri kutsegula m'mimba limodzi ndi thovu misa, palinso admixture ntchofu. Ndowe zimakhala ndi tinthu ting'onoting'ono ta chakudya chosagayidwa. Ndipo cloaca yaipitsidwa.

Zochita kupewa dyspepsia

• Asanabwere achinyamata, m'pofunika kutenthetsa chipinda mpaka madigiri 32. Zoyala ziyenera kukhala zofunda. Musalole kuti mimba za nkhuku zizizizire. Ngati azizirira, ndiye kuti chakudyacho sichidzatha kusungunuka bwino, mchombowo suchira bwino.
• Musanabzale nkhuku, m'pofunika kuti akumwayo akhale ndi madzi ofunda ndi aukhondo. Ascorbic acid ndi shuga ziyenera kuwonjezeredwa kumadzi awa. Zimatengera pafupifupi magalamu awiri a ascorbic acid, komanso 50 magalamu a shuga pa lita imodzi yamadzi. Mchitidwewu sudzalola kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tichuluke m'matumbo. Njira zowola zakudya sizingachitike. Chowonjezera chotere cha madzi akumwa chimapangitsa kukula kwa mabakiteriya a lactic acid.
• Ngati broiler ndi yofooka, ndiye kuti vitamini ndi mineral complex zidzamuthandiza.
• Ndi bwino kudyetsa zosaposa 6 pa tsiku. Chakudya chiyenera kukhala chimanga chochepa, chomwe chili ndi mafuta ochepa komanso mapuloteni. Mwachitsanzo, mapira, oatmeal, tchizi wopanda mafuta, yogati, acidophilus-yeast whey.
• Madzi akumwa asinthidwa ndi njira zapadera.
• Kusaganizira za zakudya achinyamata nyama chakudya muli laimu.

zowonjezera

Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti chakudya choyambira ndi choyenera kudyetsa nyama zazing'ono.

BioMos

Monga prophylaxis pa matenda aliwonse, mutha kuwonjezera BioMos. Zochita za mankhwalawa ndikuti zimachotsa poizoni m'thupi, komanso tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Mpaka zaka ziwiri, 1 magalamu a mankhwalawa ayenera kuwonjezeredwa pa 2 kg. Kenako milungu ina 2 muyenera kuwonjezera 1 gramu pa 1 kilogalamu. Ndiye mukhoza kuwonjezera theka la gramu.

Bifidum - SHŽ

Kubwezeretsa kwathunthu kwa microflora, komanso pambuyo pa mankhwala opha maantibayotiki, kukonzekera kwa Bifidum-SHJ ndikwabwino. Potumikira, payenera kukhala chiŵerengero cha 5 Mlingo kwa mitu 200. Kuti muchite izi, tsitsani mankhwalawa m'madzi ndikuwonjezera kudyetsa kapena kumwa madzi.

Ngati ana amaleredwa panja, ndiye kuti anapiye aliyense ayenera kudyetsedwa ndi kuthirira. Makamaka, izi ziyenera kukumbukiridwa pogawa chakudya ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Dziwani kuti chizolowezi chakutsogolo ndi 2,5 cm, komanso kumwa - 1 cm.

Matenda am'mimba

Matendawa amakhudza kwambiri nyama zazing'ono zomwe zafika zaka 2-3 milungu. Monga lamulo, chomwe chimayambitsa matendawa ndi hypothermia.

Munthu wodwala ali ndi zizindikiro monga rhinitis, sinusitis, laryngotracheitis. Zizindikiro zakunja: kupuma movutikira, kupuma movutikira, mlomo wotseguka nthawi zonse, khosi lotambasulidwa kutsogolo. Nkhuku yodwala imakhala ndi mawonekedwe odzipatula, samadya bwino. Mkhalidwe wa wodwalayo ukuipiraipira. Nkhuku imataya thupi mwamsanga, imakhala pa mwayi woyamba. Nthenga zimawoneka zosawoneka bwino komanso zopindika.

Mwa anthu, pali lakuthwa anachita kusowa mpweya. Kusapezeka kwa mpweya wabwino kungayambitse matenda am'mimba, hydropericarditis, ndi pulmonary edema.

Pofuna kupewa matenda a broilers, ndikofunikira tsatirani malingaliro ena:

• Kutsata miyezo ya microclimate. Patsiku loyamba la moyo wa nkhuku, payenera kukhala kutentha kwakukulu kwa mpweya, pafupifupi madigiri 30. Mpweya wa okosijeni uyenera kukhala osachepera 17 peresenti.
• Ukhondo. Zofundazo zisaloledwe kunyowa komanso zakuda.
• Panthawi yoyendetsa, hypothermia siyenera kuchitika.

Ngati, komabe, bronchopneumonia yabwera, muyenera yambani chithandizo mwamsanga. Mankhwala otsatirawa amathandiza kulimbana ndi matenda a broiler:

• Neomycin, synthomycin, erythromycin ndi r.
• Belcospira pakamwa. Ili mu mawonekedwe a ufa ndipo imasungunuka bwino mumadzimadzi.
• "Enroxil" Muli 10 peresenti ya enrofloxacin. Tikumbukenso kuti mankhwalawa ndi mankhwala atsopano.
• Gentamicin ndi ufa wosungunuka mosavuta.
• Ndi etc.

Musanagwiritse ntchito mankhwalawa, muyenera kukaonana ndi veterinarian wanu. Dokotala amadziwa bwino momwe angapewere ndi kuchiza matenda a broiler.

Hypovitaminosis A

Matendawa angayambitse kusowa kwa retinol. Ndi kuchepa kwake, kagayidwe koyenera ka broiler kumatha kusokonezeka. Monga lamulo, nkhuku yomwe inali ndi mlingo wochepa wa retinol ndi carotenoids mu yolk panthawi ya kukula kwa fetus imakhala ndi hypovitaminosis ndi beriberi.

Masiku oyambirira a matendawa, chizindikiro chotsatirachi chikuwoneka: kuchepa kwa njala. Young kukula ali disheveled nthenga, ndi kungokhala chete, ofooka. Komanso, matenda aliwonse a m'mimba dongosolo akhoza kuyamba. Nthawi zina pali matenda a mantha dongosolo. Panthawi ya matendawa, kugwedezeka, kumagwera kumbuyo kumazindikirika. Nthawi zambiri nkhuku zodwala zimangoyenda mozungulira.

Makhalidwe - "night blindness". Izi zikutanthauza kuti masomphenya a madzulo amasuka.

Kuti matendawa asachitike, kapena kuchiza, chakudya chimalowetsedwa muzakudya, zomwe zimakhala ndi kaloti, ufa wa zitsamba. Nthawi zina osakaniza amagwiritsidwanso ntchito.

Hypovitaminosis D

Zimachitika ngati pali kulephera mu kagayidwe ka phosphorous-calcium. Pankhaniyi, maonekedwe a rickets amawonedwa mu nyama zazing'ono. Ponena za broilers zazikulu, mafupa awo amakhala ofewa.

Kukula kwa matendawa kumachedwa kwambiri. Mtundu uwu wa hypovitaminosis umaonekera mu mawonekedwe a kufooka, ulesi, kusowa chilakolako cha chakudya, kutupa, kutsegula m'mimba, kufewetsa ndi kusinthika kwa mafupa. Wodwala woyamba limps. Miyendo yake imanjenjemera, ndipo mutu wake ukukula kwambiri. Ngati matendawa alibe chithandizo, broiler akhoza kusiya kuyenda.

Anthu odwala ayenera kuikidwa m'chipinda chokhala ndi malo akuluakulu komanso kuwala kwabwino. Amafunika kuyenda. Ponena za zakudya, ziyenera kukhala zopatsa thanzi komanso zopatsa thanzi. Chakudyacho chiyenera kukhala ndi mavitamini ndi mchere zonse zofunika, payenera kukhala kukhalapo kwa mafuta a nsomba ndi kukonzekera kwakukulu kwa calfitserol. Ponena za mlingo, uyenera kuwirikiza kawiri poyerekeza ndi mlingo wa prophylaxis yosavuta.

Hypovitaminosis E

Monga lamulo, zaka za broilers zomwe zimadwala matendawa ndi masabata atatu kapena asanu. Zizindikiro za matendawa ndi izi: kufooka, kufooka pang'ono kwa nthambi. Pakhoza kukhala kugwedezeka kwamphamvu. Pofuna kupewa matendawa, m'pofunika kulowetsa oats wophuka ndi ufa wa udzu mu chakudya.

Gulu la matenda opatsirana

Nthawi zambiri, broilers amakhala ndi matenda opatsirana. Izi ndi monga matenda a chitopa, matenda otsekula m'mimba, matenda otsekula m'mimba, kupuma kwa mycoplasmosis, ndi zina zotero. Chithandizo cha matenda onse opatsirana, mafangasi ndi mavairasi ayenera kuchitidwa moyang'aniridwa ndi veterinarian.

Kupewa matenda

Pofuna kupewa kupezeka kwa matenda, ndikofunikira kuchita kupewa kwawo. Njira yothandiza kwambiri yopewera ndi kusazindikira. Chochitikachi chiyenera kuchitika ngakhale m'minda yaing'ono. Kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndikuyeretsa chipinda kuchokera kuzinthu zonyansa, komanso fumbi. Kusamalira zodyetsa, zakumwa ndi zida ziyenera kukhala zabwino. Nthawi ndi nthawi, ayenera kuthandizidwa ndi njira zapadera. Chipindacho chiyenera kukhala ndi mpweya wokwanira nthawi ndi nthawi, wotsekedwa. M'pofunikanso kuyeretsa chipinda.

Mkhalidwe wotsatira ndi chakudya chamagulu ndi kupeza mankhwala enaake. Broilers ayenera kulandira mavitamini tsiku lililonse, kapena chakudya chomwe chili nawo. Zakudya zowuma, zowawa, zozizira siziyenera kulowa mu chakudya. M'badwo uliwonse umafunika kusankha chakudya choyenera. Ndipo chomwe chili choyenera kwa munthu wamkulu sichiyenera kudyetsedwa kwa ziweto zazing'ono.

Ubwino wa madzi uyenera kukhala wokwera momwe ungathere komanso kukhala ndi zokonzekera zina. Kusamalira bwino ndikofunikiranso - kutentha ndi ukhondo.