Kulephera kwa aimpso kwa amphaka

Kodi aimpso kulephera ndi chiyani

Matenda a impso (CKD (dzina lakale - kulephera kwaimpso, CRF) ndi matenda omwe akupita patsogolo pang'onopang'ono, omwe amatsatiridwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa impso ndi / kapena kugwira ntchito kwa impso.

Amapezeka nthawi zambiri amphaka ali ndi zaka 5-15, palibe mtundu kapena jenda.

Zimayambitsa

Zomwe zimayambitsa kukula kwa CKD ndi:

• Kuvulala kwam'mbuyomu kwaimpso (poizoni, kusungidwa kwa mkodzo, etc.)
• Kobadwa nako pathologies a impso
• Zimango kuwonongeka kwa impso
• Matenda ena amkodzo (cystitis, urolithiasis, matenda),
• Ma genetic pathologies, mwachitsanzo, matenda a impso a polycystic a Persian, achilendo, amphaka a Abyssinian ndi ma mestizos awo.
• Matenda opatsirana
• Matenda opatsirana, monga viral leukemia ndi immunodeficiency
• Chiphe chosatha. Mwachitsanzo, kudya zomera zapoizoni nthawi zonse
• Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a nephrotoxic kwa nthawi yayitali
• kunenepa
• shuga
• Zakudya zosayenera, kudya zakudya zopanda thanzi kapena zakudya zosayenerera zachilengedwe, kudyetsa chakudya kuchokera patebulo lanu
• Kugwiritsa ntchito madzi ochepa 
• Zaka zoposa 7

Zizindikiro ndi zovuta

Zizindikiro za kulephera kwaimpso kwanthawi yayitali, makamaka atangoyamba kumene, sizodziwika bwino, zitha kuwongoleredwa. Matenda ena amathanso kuchitika ndi chithunzi chofanana chachipatala. Kulephera kwaimpso kosatha sizochitika tsiku limodzi; Zizindikiro zowoneka bwino za malaise zimatha kuwoneka ngati minyewa yopitilira 75% ya impso yawonongeka kale. Ndicho chifukwa chake mwiniwakeyo ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa thanzi la mphaka wake ndikufunsana ndi dokotala panthawi yake.

Zizindikiro za kulephera kwa impso mwa amphaka ndi izi:

• Kusafuna kudya, zomwe zitha kuganiziridwa molakwika ndi matenda am'mimba kapena kutopa
• Kuchuluka kwa madzi
• Kukodza pafupipafupi komanso nthawi zina kosagwira ntchito
• Mkodzo ukhoza kukhala wopanda mtundu, wowoneka bwino, wamtambo, kapena wamagazi.
• Kusanza, kusagwira ntchito, malovu kapena chakudya kangapo patsiku
• Kuwonongeka kwa ubweya, frizziness, greasy kapena dryness
• Edema
• Kupsinjika maganizo, kufooka kukhudzidwa ndi zokopa
• Kuwonda, kutopa
• Fungo losasangalatsa la mkamwa, nthawi zambiri ammonia
• Zilonda m'kamwa, stomatitis, youma mucous nembanemba
• kudzimbidwa

Mwa chikhalidwe cha maphunziro, aimpso kulephera ndi pachimake (ARF) ndi aakulu (CRF). 

• Mawonekedwe owopsa amakula mwachangu, zizindikiro zonse zimawonekera pakanthawi kochepa.
• Matendawa amakula motalika ndipo kuopsa kwake kuli chifukwa chakuti pamene chiweto chikatha kuthandizidwa, palibe zizindikiro za matendawa. Amawonekera pokhapokha ngati 2/3 ya impso yawonongeka.

Diagnostics

Sizingatheke kupanga matenda pamaziko a kufufuza kumodzi kapena zizindikiro zingapo. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kukhala okonzekera kuchititsa maphunziro angapo:

• Kuyeza magazi kwachilengedwe komanso kachipatala. Chofunika kwambiri ndi urea, creatinine, phosphorous, maselo ofiira a magazi, hemoglobin ndi hematocrit.
• Panoramic ultrasound ya pamimba pamimba. Ndizomveka kuwonera m'chikhodzodzo ndi impso kokha mu mphamvu. Pakuwunika koyambirira, ndikofunikira kuzindikira kusintha kwamapangidwe a ziwalo zonse, chifukwa mphaka amatha kuphatikiza ma pathologies.
• Kuyeza mkodzo wamba kumakuthandizani kuti muwone momwe kusefa kwa impso kumagwirira ntchito, ngati pali zizindikiro za kutupa, urolithiasis.
• Chiŵerengero cha mapuloteni/creatinine chimathandizira kuzindikira kulephera kwa impso mutangoyamba kumene
• Kuyeza kwamphamvu. Kulephera kwa aimpso kosatha kumayendera limodzi ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi. Ngati kupanikizika kuli kokwezeka, ndiye kuti kumafunika kuchepetsa ndi mankhwala nthawi zonse. Pa kafukufukuyu, tonometer yachinyama yanyama imagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Kuzindikira kwa CKD sikungapangidwe pakuwonjezeka kwa chizindikiro chimodzi chokha, chithunzi chonse chimawunikidwa chonse. Matendawa ali 4 magawo. Amagawidwa mokhazikika, kutengera kuchuluka kwa creatinine m'magazi:

Gawo 1 - creatinine zosakwana 140 μmol/l

Gawo 2 - creatinine 140-250 μmol / l

Gawo 3 - creatinine 251-440 μmol / l

Gawo 4 - creatinine kuposa 440 μmol / l

chithandizo 

Dziwani kuti n'zosatheka kuchiritsa mphaka wa matenda aimpso kulephera. Ndizotheka kuyimitsa kaye kapena kuchepetsa ndondomekoyi. Pamagawo 1-2, matendawa ndi abwino, pa 3 - mosamala, siteji 4 ndi terminal, thupi likhoza kuthandizidwa.

Njira zothandizira zimadalira chithunzi chachipatala, chikhalidwe cha mphaka, ndi kukhalapo kwa concomitant pathologies.

Veterinarian akhoza kulamula:

• Thandizo lazakudya ndilofunika kwambiri. Ndizosatheka kudyetsa nyama yokha kapena chakudya chamagulu azachuma. Zakudya zapadera zokhala ndi phosphorous ndi mapuloteni ndizofunikira. Zakudya za matenda a impso zimapezeka kwa opanga zakudya zosiyanasiyana za ziweto, ndipo mutha kupeza zakudya zowuma komanso zonyowa zolembedwa kuti Renal zomwe veterinarian wanu adzakulemberani. 
• Maantibayotiki
• Ma Absorbents pochotsa kuledzera (mwachitsanzo, Enterosgel)
• Mankhwala ochepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi
• Mankhwala okhala ndi potaziyamu 
• Kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwa phosphorous ndi urea, zowonjezera zakudya zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, mwachitsanzo Ipakitine
• Kubwezeretsanso madzi, njira ya droppers imayikidwa, ndipo m'tsogolomu ndikofunika kulamulira madzi amphaka.

Mphamvu ya mankhwala ndi matenda akhoza kuyesedwa mwa kuchita mayesero mobwerezabwereza ndi maphunziro, komanso zochokera ambiri chikhalidwe cha mphaka.

Ngati chiweto ndi 4, ESRD ndipo sichikuyenda bwino mkati mwa sabata yoyamba chithandizo chamankhwala, ndiye kuti euthanasia yaumunthu iyenera kuganiziridwa.

Prevention

Kupewa impso kulephera kwa amphaka makamaka kumakhudza khalidwe, chakudya chamagulu. Onetsetsani kuti chiweto chanu chili ndi madzi abwino. Ngati mphaka samamwa kwambiri, ndiye kuti gawo lazakudya liyenera kukhala ngati chakudya chonyowa.

Ndikofunikira kupewa kuvulala ndi poizoni: musalole kuti nyamayo ipite yokha, sungani mankhwala am'nyumba, poizoni, mankhwala ndi zomera zowopsa zapakhomo kutali ndi mphaka.

Komanso, mwiniwakeyo ayenera nthawi zonse kufufuza zachipatala za mphaka wazaka zapakati ndi akuluakulu ndikuwunika kulemera kwa mphaka.