Epigenetics ndi zovuta zamakhalidwe mwa agalu

Kulankhula za zovuta za khalidwe la galu, za kubadwa ndi kupeza, ndizosatheka kutchula chinthu monga epigenetics.

Kujambula kwa Chithunzi: googlecom

Chifukwa chiyani kafukufuku wa genomic mwa agalu ndi wofunikira?

Galu ndi phunziro lochititsa chidwi kwambiri pa kafukufuku wa genomic, chifukwa ndi wamkulu kuposa mbewa, komanso, kuposa mbewa kapena makoswe, amawoneka ngati munthu. Komabe, uyu si munthu, kutanthauza kuti mukhoza kujambula mizere ndi khalidwe kuwoloka ulamuliro, ndiyeno kujambula analogi ndi munthu.

Sofya Baskina pamsonkhano wakuti "Khalidwe la Pet - 2018" adanena kuti masiku ano pafupifupi 360 matenda ofanana a galu ndi munthu amadziwika, koma tsiku lililonse pali zotsatira zatsopano za kafukufuku zomwe zimatsimikizira kuti pali zofanana pakati pathu ndi ziweto zathu kuposa zomwe timakonda. zikhoza kuwoneka pamwamba. kuwona koyamba.

Genome ndi yayikulu - ili ndi ma 2,5 biliyoni oyambira. Choncho, mu phunziro lake, zolakwika zambiri ndizotheka. Ma genome ndi encyclopedia ya moyo wanu wonse, pomwe jini iliyonse imakhala ndi udindo wa puloteni inayake. Ndipo jini iliyonse imakhala ndi mapeya ambiri a nucleotide. Tizingwe ta DNA timalongedwa mwamphamvu m’machromosome.

Pali majini omwe timafunikira pakali pano, ndipo pali omwe sitikufuna pakali pano. Ndipo iwo, titero, amasungidwa mu "mawonekedwe osungidwa" mpaka nthawi yoyenera kuti adziwonetsere okha pansi pa mikhalidwe ina.

Kodi epigenetics ndi chiyani ndipo imagwirizana bwanji ndi zovuta zamakhalidwe agalu?

Epigenetics imatsimikizira kuti ndi majini ati omwe tsopano "awerengedwa" ndipo zimakhudza, mwa zina, khalidwe la agalu. Zoonadi, epigenetics samangogwira ntchito kwa agalu.

Chitsanzo cha "ntchito" ya epigenetics ikhoza kukhala vuto la kunenepa kwambiri mwa anthu. Munthu akakhala ndi njala yaikulu, majini ena okhudzana ndi kagayidwe kake "amadzuka" mwa iye, cholinga chake ndi kudziunjikira zonse zomwe zimalowa m'thupi osati kufa ndi njala. Majini awa amagwira ntchito kwa mibadwo 2-3. Ndipo ngati mibadwo yotsatira sifa ndi njala, majini amenewo amagonanso.

Majini oterowo “ogona” ndi “kudzuka” ndi chinthu chimene chinali chovuta kwambiri kwa akatswiri a majini “kugwira” ndi kufotokoza mpaka atatulukira epigenetics.

Zomwezo zimagwiranso ntchito, mwachitsanzo, kupsinjika kwa nyama. Ngati galu akukumana ndi nkhawa kwambiri, thupi lake, kuti ligwirizane ndi zikhalidwe zatsopano, limayamba kugwira ntchito mosiyana, ndipo kusintha kumeneku kumapitirirabe kwa moyo wa 1-2 mibadwo yotsatira. Choncho ngati tifufuza vuto la khalidwe lomwe ndi njira yothanirana ndi vuto lalikulu, zikhoza kukhala kuti vutoli ndi lobadwa nalo, koma m'mibadwo ikubwerayi.

Zonsezi zitha kusokoneza kasamalidwe ka makolo ngati tikukamba za zovuta zamakhalidwe zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kupsinjika kwambiri. Kodi ili ndi vuto lachibadwa? Inde: njira ya momwe thupi lidzakhalira ndi nkhawa yaikidwa kale m'thupi, koma "imagona" mpaka "kudzutsidwa" ndi zochitika zina kuchokera kunja. Komabe, ngati mibadwo iwiri yotsatira ikukhala m'mikhalidwe yabwino, khalidwe la vutolo silidzadziwonetsera m'tsogolomu.

Izi ndi zofunika kudziwa pamene mukusankha galu ndi kuphunzira pedigrees makolo ake. Ndipo obereketsa aluso komanso odalirika, podziwa za epigenetics, amatha kutsata mibadwo ya agalu yomwe imapeza chidziwitso komanso momwe izi zimawonekera mumayendedwe awo.

Kujambula kwa Chithunzi: googlecom