Mano a nkhumba

Malinga ndi eni ake ambiri a nkhumba, mavuto a mano ndi njira yowachiritsira ndiye chopunthwitsa chachikulu pazachipatala. Kunyalanyaza mutuwu kumadzadza ndi zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri, ndipo njira yolakwika yochizira ndiyomwe imayambitsa kufa kwa nkhumba.

Nkhumba za Guinea zili ndi mano 20: ma incisors apamwamba ndi otsika, opanda mano a canine (m'malo mwake, kusiyana kotchedwa diastema), ma premolars apamwamba ndi apansi, ndi awiriawiri apamwamba ndi apansi. Mano otsegukawa amakula mosalekeza. Mano a nkhumba yathanzi amasiyana motalika: mano apansi ayenera kukhala nthawi 1,5 ngati mano ofanana ndi nsagwada zakumtunda.

Enamel ya dzino ndi yoyera, monga nyama zambiri zoyamwitsa.

Pa chithunzi cha chigaza cha nkhumba pansipa, zikuwoneka kuti nkhumba ilibe mano anayi nkomwe, monga momwe anthu ambiri amaganizira.

Monga mukuonera, nkhumba za nkhumba zimakhala ndi incisors zazitali kwambiri. Ma incisors apamwamba ndi apansi amatha kukhala mpaka 1,5 centimita kutalika. Ma incisors apamwamba ndi apansi ayenera kufanana kutalika kwake.

Mu nkhumba yathanzi, kuluma, kutafuna ndi kutafuna chakudya (makamaka udzu, udzu ndi roughage ina) nthawi zambiri kumapangitsa mano kukhala abwino - zimasiyana, ndipo zimakhala zosiyana ndi nkhumba iliyonse. Ngati njuchi yanu idya bwino, mano ake amatha mwachibadwa monga momwe ayenera kukhalira.

Nkhumba zathanzi SIZIFUNIKA kukukuta mano awo akutsogolo. 

Mano akumbuyo a nkhumba za nkhumba (molars) ndizovuta kwambiri kuzifufuza. Amakhala mkati mwa kamwa, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala odzaza ndi chakudya, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kuyendera kumakhala kovuta komanso kumafuna thandizo la veterinarian ndi zida zapadera.

Mano athanzi mu nkhumba za nkhumba ndi chinsinsi cha thanzi lawo, choncho ndikofunika kudziwa mavuto omwe angadikire nkhumba ndi mano awo kuti azindikire vutoli pakapita nthawi. Mndandanda wa matenda a mano udzakutsogolerani pazomwe muyenera kudziwa kuti musunge mano a nkhumba yanu yathanzi.

Malocclusion (malocclusion) ndi matenda omwe amapezeka mu nguluwe.

Mano omwe amalumidwa molakwika nthawi zambiri amakhala osakhazikika bwino kapena aatali kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, kukulirakulira kwa mano am'mbuyo ndi akumbuyo kumawonedwa nthawi imodzi, ngakhale kuti nthawi zina mano okhawo amakula mwamphamvu. Nkhumba ikapanda kudya zakudya zopatsa thanzi, mano akutsogolo amayamba kukukuta bwino. Nthawi zambiri, minyewa ya m'munsi imayamba kukula kutsogolo ndipo nthawi zina imamera lilime, pomwe yamtunda imamera kumasaya. Mano otalika kwambiri amasokoneza kutafuna kwabwinobwino kwa chakudya ndipo angayambitse kuvulala kwapakamwa.

Nthawi zina malocclusion imachitika chifukwa cha cholowa cha chibadwa, makamaka ngati matendawa apezeka mu gilts osakwana zaka ziwiri. Kuvulala kapena matenda amatha kuwononga mano, zomwe zimayambitsa malocclusion. Mikhalidwe yokhudzana ndi kuphwanya zakudya (kuchepa kwa voliyumu, kukhalapo kwa zakudya zotsekemera komanso zofewa zokha) zimathandizira kukula kwa mano ndipo, chifukwa chake, kumayambitsa malocclusion. 

Zizindikiro za malocclusion mu Guinea nkhumba:

• Nkhumba samadya nkomwe chakudya, kusankha tizigawo ting'onoting'ono kapena kukana kudya
• kutseguka pang'ono pakamwa
• kuwonda. Monga lamulo, pamene eni ake awona kuti chinachake chachitika kwa nkhumba, nyamayo yataya kale gawo lalikulu la kulemera kwake ndipo imakhala yomwe imatchedwa "khungu ndi mafupa".
• kutulutsa malovu. Mkamwa mukangosiya kutsekanso (chifukwa cha mano ozama kwambiri), tsitsi la pachibwano limanyowa.

Chenjezo loyamba lomwe mwiniwake angatenge ndikuyesa gilt sabata iliyonse. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuzindikira gawo loyamba la matendawa mu nthawi, pamene nkhumba imayamba kuonda, kuti ithetse.

Zizindikiro za incipient malocclusion mu guinea pig:

Yankhani mafunso:

• Kodi mukuganiza kuti nkhumba ikudya ngati yatenga chinachake m’kamwa n’kufuna kulavula?
• Kodi mukuwona kuti makutu anu amasuntha kwambiri mukamatafuna chakudya?
• Kodi pali zotuluka m'mphuno kapena m'maso (zingasonyeze chiphuphu)?
• Simukuganiza kuti nkhumba imatafuna mbali imodzi yokha?
• Kodi mano akutsogolo akutuluka?
• Kodi nguluwe imadya mofanana ndi ina? (Ngati pali nkhumba zingapo)
• Kodi nkhumba ingalume kapena kung'amba zidutswa za chakudya?
• Kodi nkhumba ingadye khungu la apulo mosavuta ngati apulo wokha?
• Kodi nguluwe imatafuna (makamaka kaloti) kapena ili ndi zidutswa zosadulidwa zomwe zikutuluka mkamwa mwake?
• Kodi nguluwe imatenga ma pellets m'kamwa mwake ndikuwalavula?
• Kodi nguluwe imasonyeza chidwi kwambiri ndi chakudya koma osachikhudza?
• Kodi nkhumba imachepa pang'onopang'ono?
• Kodi pali malovu?

Kuzindikira kwa malocclusion mu Guinea nkhumba

Kukhazikitsa molondola matenda, m`pofunika kulankhula ndi veterinarian amene amachita mankhwala mano mu nkhumba. Nthawi zambiri, zimakhala zovuta kukhazikitsa matenda olondola ndipo ma gilts amalandila chithandizo cholakwika.

Kuonda nthawi zambiri kumawonetsa scurvy chifukwa chosadya mokwanira. Madokotala ena amachitira scurvy koma amaiwala zomwe zimayambitsa, malocclusion.

Nthawi zambiri, ma veterinarians agaya ma incisors okha ndikuiwala za molars zazitali, zomwe zimabweretsa mavuto. Sikuti madokotala onse ali ndi chidziwitso, luso, ndi zida zoyenera zodziwira malocclusions kapena kuzindikira mavuto ena a mano panthawi yake.

Kuwunika kwachindunji kwa patsekeke pakamwa kumachitika nthawi zambiri pansi pa anesthesia, ngakhale kuyesa koyambirira kungathe kuchitika popanda opaleshoni. Dokotala, mothandizidwa ndi wothandizira yemwe angagwire mofatsa ma mumps (dzanja limodzi pa sacrum ndi lina pa chigawo cha khomo lachiberekero). Cholekanitsa cha buccal pad chingakhale chothandiza pakuwunika pakamwa.

Samalani izi:

• Kodi dotolo wagwiritsa ntchito cholekanitsa masaya?
• Kodi vet anatenga x-ray kuti awone zizindikiro za chiphuphu?
• Kodi veterinarian adamva kunja kwa nsagwada ngati mbedza?

Chithandizo cha malocclusion mu Guinea nkhumba

Ma molars omwe amakula molakwika amasiyidwa ndikupukutidwa (nthawi zambiri pansi pa anesthesia). Mano akutsogolo akhoza kudulidwa kapena kudulidwa. Pali chiopsezo chong'amba kapena kuwonongeka kwa dzino panthawi yodula. Nthawi zina, mano a cavy amafunika kusinthidwa milungu ingapo iliyonse.

Madokotala ambiri a zinyama amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oletsa ululu panthawiyi.

Vuto lalikulu la onse ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochititsa dzanzi mu Guinea nkhumba, amene amalola veterinarian kuchita manipulations zofunika. Ngakhale kuti zimadziwika bwino kuti m'mano mulibe mitsempha, nthawi zambiri madokotala amaumirira pa anesthesia kuti ntchitoyo ichitike mosamala komanso molondola. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, akatswiri a zinyama amadziwa kuti anesthesia ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha thanzi kwa nkhumba, ngakhale itakhala yathanzi. Kuchita opaleshoni kwa nkhumba yotopa kapena yanjala kwa nthawi ndithu ndi njira yotsimikizirika ya imfa!

Zotsutsana zotsutsana ndi kugwira ntchito ndi nyama popanda opaleshoni ndizoti chiweto chimakhala ndi nkhawa kwambiri.

PALIBE CHIFUKWA CHOCHITIKA CHOMWAZITSA NKHUMBA KUDULA ZOCHITIKA ZAKE KAPENA MOLAR. KUMGWIRITSA NTCHITO NDI KUYANKHULA MOYO WAKE PACHIYANGA KWAMBIRI POPANDA CHIFUKWA!

Mofanana ndi akalulu, mano a nkhumba amakula moyo wawo wonse. Nthawi zina mizu ya mano a nkhumba imayamba kutalikirana kapena kumera nsagwada.

Kuwunika kwa patsekeke pakamwa sikungapereke zotsatira zilizonse ndipo sikungazindikire matendawa. Komabe, mano apansi nthawi zina amatha kumva kuti ndi osiyana m'munsi mwa nsagwada. Chizindikiro china chotalikitsa mizu ya mano ndicho kutuluka kwa maso a nkhumba.

Pofuna kukhazikitsa matenda olondola okhudzana ndi kutalika kwa mizu, njira yodalirika kwambiri ndi x-ray, yomwe ingathandize kuti adziwe bwinobwino.

Pambuyo pa X-ray, chithandizo chimaperekedwa. Kwa nkhumba zomwe zili kumayambiriro kwa matendawa, nsagwada (sling) imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Chin sling ndi njira yatsopano yosinthira kuchira komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha temporomandibular joint syndrome popanda kugwiritsa ntchito mano. Njirayi yawonetsa bwino kwambiri.

Akamanena za njira ndi imposition wa zotanuka bandeji kwa nsagwada, amene amathandiza nsagwada mu udindo ankafuna, kuti chapamwamba ndi m`munsi mano pafupi wina ndi mzake. Kuthamanga kowonjezereka ndi kukana kumapangitsa kuti mano azitha kumenyana wina ndi mzake ndikuthandizira kuti gilt apezenso mphamvu mu minofu ya nsagwada, zomwe zidzamupulumutse ku dzino lamtsogolo. Mankhwalawa amagwiranso ntchito pambuyo pogaya koyamba kwa molars. Nsagwada ligation imathandizira nsagwada pamene ikulimbikitsa kuti azivala bwino mano.

Zomwe zimayambitsa kusweka kwa mano mu nguluwe ndi:

1. Kuvulala kapena kugwa
2. Kupanda vitamini C (kumapangitsa kuti mano awonongeke, chifukwa vitamini C amafunikira kuti mafupa ndi mano akule bwino). 

Choncho, nguluwe ili ndi dzino losweka. Tsoka ilo. Zoyenera kuchita komanso momwe tingakhalire?

1. Onetsetsani kuti mano otsalawo sali otalika kwambiri kuti awononge chingamu kapena khungu mkamwa. Ngati dzino lathyoka kwambiri, pali dzenje mu chingamu ndipo limatuluka magazi, nthawi ndi nthawi muzitsuka bala kuchokera ku zinyalala za chakudya ndi saline (supuni ya mchere wamba wamba wosungunuka mu 0,5 malita a madzi ofunda) pogwiritsa ntchito syringe yaing'ono. Ngati dzino liri losagwirizana kapena dzino kumbali ina likuwononga pakamwa (izi ndi zotheka ngati dzino lonse ndi muzu zatayika), ndi bwino kuonana ndi veterinarian wanu. Dokotala wodziwa bwino zanyama amatha kudula chip chosiyana kapena kudula mano ngati ayamba kusayenda bwino. 

2. Onetsetsani kuti nkhumba yanu ikhoza kudya. Mungafunikire kudula chakudyacho m’tizidutswa ting’onoting’ono kapena kudyetsa pamanja. Ngati nkhumba yanu ikulephera kugwiritsa ntchito chakumwa cha botolo, mupatseni madzi mu siponji kapena masamba otsekemera kuti azitha kupeza chinyezi chokwanira.

1. Ngati palibe chifukwa chodziwikiratu kuti dzino lithyoke (nkhumba siinagwe, sinadzikuta pa khola, ndi zina zotero), ndiye kuti vutoli ndilosowa vitamini C. Onetsetsani kuti nkhumba imapeza vitamini imeneyi mokwanira. . Vitamini C amalimbikitsa kukula kwa mafupa, mano olimba athanzi komanso kufulumizitsa kuchira. Werengani zambiri za Mlingo ndi momwe mungapatsire nkhumba vitamini C m'nkhani yakuti "Vitamini C wa nkhumba"

Kwa gilts okhala ndi mano abwinobwino, kudula ndi kusanja mano ngati wina wathyoka sikofunikira, ndipo kwenikweni, amatha kuchedwa kuchira ndikubwerera ku luso loluma ndi kutafuna chakudya. Pang’ono ndi pang’ono, dzino lothyokalo lidzakulanso ndipo posachedwapa lidzagwirizana ndi ena onse. Mano akatseka, amapukutidwa ndipo kuluma kudzakhalanso kolondola. Chifukwa chokha chodera nkhawa ngati dzino loyang'anizana ndi losweka likukanda chingamu. Izi zikhoza kuchitika ngati dzino lathyoka pafupifupi mpaka pansi kapena kugwa kwathunthu, ndikuwonetsa chingamu. Ngati chidutswa cha dzino chikuwoneka, ndiye kuti palibe chochita koma kupatsa nkhumba chakudya chophwanyidwa kwambiri ndikuyang'anitsitsa.

Nkhumba za ku Guinea zokhala ndi mano ochotsedwa, osweka ndi ogwa zimadabwitsa modabwitsa kuti azolowere kudya. Amakoka chakudya m'kamwa mwawo poyendetsa lilime lawo. Ngati nkhumba ilibe ma incisors apamwamba kapena otsika, ndi bwino kudyetsa ndi chakudya chapansi.

Ngati imodzi yokha ya incisors yapamwamba kapena yapansi yathyoledwa, ndipo yachiwiri imakhalabe, nkhumba imatha kudya mosavuta, monga idachitira kale. Komabe, fufuzani pakatha sabata kuti muwone ngati dzino latsopano layamba kukula.

Mosiyana ndi zimene anthu ambiri amakhulupirira, dzino kapena mano osowa sizingawopseze nguluwe. Nkhumba sidzafa ndi njala, monga amanenera pamabwalo.

Nkhumba zathanzi zidzameradi mano atsopano! Izi kawirikawiri zimachitika mkati mwa masabata awiri kapena atatu.

Oweta ambiri sadziwa n’komwe kuti ziweto zawo zataya dzino kapena mano ndendende mpaka ataona kuti nkhumba sidya kalikonse. Chifukwa chake, ngati muwona zachilendo komanso zachilendo mu nkhumba yanu ndi chakudya chokwanira, kuphatikiza ndi maso anjala, chinthu choyamba kuchita ndikuwunika ma incisors. Ngati mmodzi kapena awiri palibe, khalani okonzeka kudyetsa nkhumba yanu ngati khanda kwa milungu ingapo ndi mbatata yosenda ndi chakudya chonga phala (blender idzakuthandizani!)

Koma pakapita milungu ingapo, mano atsopano, olimba adzaphukanso, ndipo adzakusangalatsani inu ndi nkhumba.

Komabe, mavuto ena angabuke. Mano atsopano angayambe kumera m’njira ina, n’kusokoneza mano ena, zomwe zingakhale zovuta kwa nguluwe.

Nthawi zambiri, koma nthawi zina zimachitika kuti nkhumba ya nkhumba imakhala ndi incisors kutalika kosiyana, ngakhale kuti kuluma sikuvutika konse. Milandu yotereyi imadabwitsa ngakhale akatswiri odziwa zanyama, zomwe zingayambitse matenda olakwika. Dokotala adzanena kuti mano ndi aatali kwambiri, koma kwenikweni izi ndi gawo la nkhumba iyi.

Lamulo limati: ngati nkhumba siwonda, ndiye kuti ilibe vuto ndi mano ake!