Momwe amphaka ndi amphaka amawonera dziko lathu lapansi

Maonekedwe a masomphenya amphaka

Maso a mphaka ndi odabwitsa mwa iwo okha. Pokhudzana ndi kukula kwa thupi la ziweto zathu za mustachioed ndi purring, ndi zazikulu kwambiri, ndipo chifukwa cha mawonekedwe a convex, zimapereka maonekedwe a madigiri a 270, omwe amaposa khomo la munthu. Mtundu wamaso wamitundu yosiyanasiyana siwofanana, umasiyana kuchokera ku golidi-kuwala mpaka wobiriwira wakuda. Pali amphaka okhala ndi maso a buluu, mwachitsanzo, Chibama.

Kuphatikiza pa luso lodabwitsa la ana akukulitsa ndi kugwirizanitsa malingana ndi mphamvu ya kuwala kwa kuwala, komwe kumawonetsera nthawi imodzi maganizo ndi malingaliro a chiweto chathu cha fluffy, kukhalapo kwa chikope chachitatu m'diso la mphaka kumakhalanso kochititsa chidwi. Zimagwira ntchito yoteteza, kuteteza chiwalo cha masomphenya kuti chisawume, matupi achilendo komanso kuwonongeka komwe kungatheke. Izi ndizofunikira makamaka kwa oimira nyama zolusa za banja la mphaka, posaka, akudutsa m'nkhalango zosiyanasiyana. Kuti muwone chikope chachitatu, sikofunikira konse kuyang'ana m'maso mwa nyalugwe kapena mkango - amawonekeranso bwino amphaka amphaka. Ndikokwanira kugwira chiweto mu chikhalidwe chomasuka ndi maso otsekedwa theka.

Ndipo komabe, amphaka amawona bwanji dziko lathu lapansi? Zatsimikiziridwa mwasayansi kuti masomphenya a amphaka amphaka ali ndi mtundu wa binocular, womwe umadziwika ndi kutha kuona nthawi yomweyo chithunzi cha chinthu ndi maso onse awiri. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kupindika kwa madera omwe adawunikidwa mwanjira inayake. Njira iyi yowonera zochitika zozungulira ndiyofunikira osati kungoyang'ana m'derali, komanso imagwira ntchito ngati chida chofunikira pakusaka, kukulolani kuti mudziwe bwino komwe nyamayo ili. Mawonekedwe a mawonekedwe a maso amathandizanso mphaka kuyankha mwachangu zinthu zomwe zikuyenda, ndipo koposa zonse kwa omwe amayenda mozungulira pamtunda.

Komabe, chifukwa cha malo omwe maso ali mkati mwa chigaza, mayendedwe awo ndi ochepa, ndipo kuti muwone zinthu zomwe zili m'mbali mwake, nyamayo iyenera kutembenuza khosi lake. Kusewera naye, nthawi zambiri mumatha kuona momwe mphaka amagwedeza mutu wake mmwamba ndi pansi asanadumphe. Kusuntha kotereku kumasintha mbali ya masomphenya ake, zomwe zimalola kuwerengera kolondola kwamtunda kwa nyamayo. Ponena za zinthu zoyima, amphaka samawona bwino. Zimathandizira kutsata nyama ndi mawonekedwe osazolowereka a wophunzira: imayimirira amphaka (mosiyana ndi munthu wozungulira), yemwe, kutengera kuchuluka kwa kuwala, amakula kwambiri kapena kuchepera.

Kuwona amphaka mumdima

Palibe kukayikira kuti amphaka amatha kuona bwino mumdima. Koma zabwino bwanji? Ndipo kodi ziwalo zawo za maso zimatha kusiyanitsa chilichonse chomwe chili mumdima wandiweyani?

Kuthekera kwa masomphenya a usiku ndi chifukwa cha mawonekedwe a retina mu muroks. Ili ndi ndodo ndi ma cones, ndiko kuti, zolandilira zomwezo monga retina ya diso la munthu. Komabe, palinso zosiyana. Mwachitsanzo, amphaka amakhala ndi ma cones ochepa, omwe amachititsa kuti aziwoneka bwino kuposa ndodo. Ndipo kwambiri: 20-25 nthawi. Nthawi yomweyo, maso a zilombo zamtundu wa mustachioed ali ndi zolandilira zowoneka bwino. Pali zambiri za izo, zomwe zimalola amphaka kuyenda mumkhalidwe wochepa.

Khoma lakumbuyo la retina lili ndi tapetum, chinthu chapadera chokhala ndi magalasi. Chifukwa cha iye, kuwala kugwa pa ndodo kumawonekera kawiri. Zotsatira zake, ziweto zathu zaubweya m'malo opepuka amawona bwino kuposa munthu - pafupifupi nthawi 7! Masomphenya awo usiku ndi abwino kwambiri poyerekeza ndi nyama zina. Mumdima, maso a amphaka amawala, zomwe zimadzutsa mayanjano achinsinsi. Izi zimatsimikizira tapetum yomweyo.

Pali lingaliro lakuti amphaka amawona ngakhale mumdima wandiweyani, koma sizinatsimikizidwe ndi kafukufuku wa sayansi. Popanda kuwala kokwanira, amphaka, monga anthu, sangathe kusiyanitsa zinthu. Mwina ndichifukwa chake amphaka amakhala omasuka m'zipinda zamdima? Penyani iwo mu mdima, ndipo mudzaona kuti iwo ali mwangwiro zochokera mlengalenga, musapunthwe pa zinthu ozungulira, ndi bwino kusaka makoswe.

Kodi mphaka amawona mitundu yanji?

Ankakhulupirira kuti amphaka amawona dziko lakuda ndi loyera, lopanda mtundu. M’kupita kwa nthaŵi, maganizo ameneŵa anatsutsidwa.

Zoonadi, masomphenya a mphaka sakhala amitundu yonse, ndiye kuti, samawona zenizeni zozungulira mumitundu yowala monga momwe anthu amachitira. Lingaliro la mtundu wa "amalinyero" a kunyumba kwathu lazimiririka, amawona dziko lapansi ngati muutsi. Mwachitsanzo, mitundu monga yofiira, lalanje ndi yachikasu ndi yosadziwika kwathunthu. Koma amawona mitundu yobiriwira, yabuluu ndi imvi mwangwiro. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, kusiyana pakati pa buluu ndi cyan, komanso zoyera, zofiirira ndi zachikasu, sikukhazikitsidwa ndi ziwalo zawo zamasomphenya.

Panalinso lingaliro lakuti amphaka amatha kusiyanitsa mithunzi yambiri ya imvi, yomwe ndi pafupifupi 25. Maziko a Baibuloli anali amphaka amphaka nthawi zambiri amadya mbewa ndi makoswe, omwe tsitsi lawo limakhala lofiira ndi matani a imvi. Popeza zatsimikiziridwa kuti pakuwunika koyipa, maso amphaka amakhalabe ndi kuthekera kosiyanitsa imvi, mtundu wa kuthekera kwa nyama izi kusiyanitsa mithunzi yake yambiri imatha kutsimikiziridwa.

Zingawonekere kwa owerenga athu ambiri kuti chilengedwe, chokhala ndi "chopanda" amphaka a masomphenya amtundu wonse m'kumvetsetsa kwaumunthu, makamaka "kulepheretsa" maganizo awo, kumachepetsa. Ndipotu, nyamazi sizikusowa kuti maso awo akhale ndi makhalidwe otere - ngati chifukwa chakuti, mosiyana ndi anthu, samajambula zithunzi komanso salemba ndakatulo. Mphaka ndi nyama yolusa, ngakhale yoweta, ndipo pofuna kusaka kwathunthu ndi moyo wabwino, palibe chifukwa chodziwira zinthu zozungulira ndi mtundu. Kupatula apo, kuti azindikire chibadwa chakusaka, ndikofunikira kuti a Murka asaphonye kuyenda kwa nyama zomwe zitha kuzungulira derali. Ndipo "chochepa" chotere monga mtundu wa malaya, kuti akwaniritse ntchitoyi zilibe kanthu.

Ngati mukufuna kudziwa zambiri za mtundu wa masomphenya amphaka, onani ntchito ya wojambula komanso wofufuza waku America Nicolai Lamm. Mothandizidwa ndi mafanizo, iye anayesa kusonyeza mitundu ya zolengedwa zofatsazi zimene zimawoneka ngati zenizeni. Mbuyeyo adalenga ntchito zake ndi ophthalmologists, felinologists ndi akatswiri ena, ndiko kuti, palibe gag pafupi ndi sayansi mwa iwo.

Kuona mphaka patali

Amphaka athu okondedwa, akuti, "amavutika" ... kuyang'ana patali, ndiye kuti, chilichonse chomwe chili patsogolo pawo patali pafupifupi 50 cm, samasiyanitsa. Choncho, posewera ndi chiweto, palibe chifukwa chobweretsa chidolecho pafupi kwambiri ndi mphuno yake. Zomwe zikuchitika kutsogolo kwa mphuno zawo, amphaka "amawona" mothandizidwa ndi fungo ndi vibrissae. Vibrissae, ziwalo zapadera zozindikira, ndi ndevu, tsitsi pafupi ndi maso ("nsidze"), kumtunda ndi kumunsi kwa nsagwada, kuyang'ana malo ozungulira. Ana ang'onoang'ono, akusewera ndi amphaka ndi amphaka akuluakulu, nthawi zina amameta mawonekedwe ofunikirawa, motero amalepheretsa ziweto zawo kuona pafupi.

Pakadali pano, pamtunda wa 1 mpaka 20 metres (malinga ndi magwero ena, mpaka 60 m), amphaka amawona bwino.

Kodi mphaka amawona chiyani pagalasi komanso pa TV?

Ndithudi aliyense wa ife kamodzi m'moyo wake ankawona momwe amphaka amachitira pamaso pa galasi. Ndizosatheka kuyang'ana izi popanda kuseka: nyamayo, itakanikiza makutu ake, imamenyana nayo, ikugwedeza msana wake ndikutulutsa masharubu ake. Pochita zachiwawa kwambiri pakulingalira kwawo, amphaka samazindikira nkomwe kuti akudziwona okha. M'malo mwake, samawopa chiwonetsero chotere, koma amachiwona ngati kukhalapo kwa nyama ina, chidziwitso chomwe sichimaperekedwa ndi zolandilira makutu ndi tactile. Iwo sangamvetse mmene zimachitikira kuti aone wachibale wawo ali patsogolo pawo, koma nthawi yomweyo samamva n’komwe fungo lake.

Ponena za TV, ofufuza ambiri amanena kuti anzathu amiyendo inayi amangoona ngati akuthwanima, koma zinthu zomwe zikuyenda pa zenera zimawasangalatsabe mpaka pano. Mwachitsanzo, amphaka amakonda kuonera mapulogalamu okhudza nyama. Iwo, osachotsa maso awo, ngati kuti akulota, amatsatira kuthawa kwa mbalame, kusaka akambuku, mikango ndi nyama zina. Mukathimitsa phokosolo, silingakhudze mphaka mwanjira iliyonse, idzapitiriza kuyang'ana. Koma mukangosintha tchanelo, mphaka wanu amasiya kuchita chidwi ndi zomwe zikuchitika pazenera ndipo amachoka m'chipindamo. Momwe amphaka amaonera kapena kumvetsetsa kuti "zawo" kapena mbalame zomwezo (zosaka) zimasonyezedwa pa TV, asayansi sakumvetsabe.

Kodi amphaka amawona bwanji anthu?

Amphaka amawona mwiniwake, ndi anthu onse, momwe alili - ndi kutalika, thupi, kulemera kwa thupi, ndi zina zotero. Pokhapokha ngati ziweto za mustachioed zimatiwona mosiyana pang'ono. Ngati munthu ali pafupi, amphaka amasiyanitsa mawonekedwe a nkhope yake bwino, akutsogoleredwa ndi fungo lokha. Ngati mwiniwakeyo ali patali, ndiye kuti nyamayo imawona ndondomeko ya chiwerengerocho popanda tsatanetsatane. Akatswiri ena a zinyama amaika patsogolo mtundu womwe amphaka amawona anthu ngati achibale awo akuluakulu omwe amawadyetsa, kuwasamalira ndi kuwasamalira.

Zikhale choncho, masomphenya a amphaka apakhomo ndi apadera. Ndi njira yovuta yomwe yasintha pa njira yayitali yachisinthiko. Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe apadera a maso, malo awo pankhope ya nyama komanso kutha kuona nyama zomwe zingatheke ngakhale m'malo otsika kwambiri, amphaka samangokhalira kupulumuka panthawi ya chisankho chachilengedwe, komanso anakhala, mwina, alenje opambana kwambiri poyerekeza ndi nyama zina. Kudziwa kwa ife, anthu, za mawonekedwe owoneka a nyama zodabwitsa za dziko lozungulira kumatithandiza kumvetsetsa bwino ndikukhala pafupi nawo.