Momwe nsomba zimagona m'madzi: mawonekedwe a nsomba amagona kuchokera ku thupi lawo

Kuti tiyankhe funso lakuti "Kodi nsomba zimagona bwanji?" m'pofunika kumvetsa mbali ya kapangidwe kawo anatomical.

Mukayang'ana nsomba m'nyanja ya aquarium, zikuwoneka kuti sizipuma, chifukwa maso awo amakhala otseguka nthawi zonse, komabe mawuwa si owona. Izi zili choncho chifukwa nsomba zilibe zikope zokha. Chikope ndi chiwalo chothandizira cha diso, ntchito yaikulu yomwe ndi kuteteza kuzinthu zakunja ndi kuumitsa. Zotsirizirazi siziwopsyeza nsomba m'madzi.

Komabe, nsombazi zimagona, ngakhale izi ndizosiyana ndi kumvetsetsa kwathu kugona mozama komanso mosasamala. Tsoka ilo, mawonekedwe a thupi lawo, komanso malo omwe amakhala, amalepheretsa nsomba kuti zisagone tulo tofa nato, pomwe iwo amachotsedwa kwathunthu ku zenizeni.

Kodi kugona kwa nsomba kumasiyana bwanji?

Ndikwabwino kutchula dziko lino ngati nthawi yocheperako. Pamalo awa, nsomba sizimasuntha, ngakhale zikupitirizabe kumva phokoso lonse ndipo zimakhala zokonzeka kuchitapo kanthu nthawi iliyonse. Mosiyana ndi nyama zambiri zoyamwitsa, ubongo wa nsomba umagwira ntchito mosasintha panthawi yopuma. Ndichifukwa chake sagona bwinomonga nyama zina, iwo nthawi zonse kufika mu chikhalidwe cha chikumbumtima.

Nanga ndi nsomba ziti zomwe zikugona? Mukawayang'ana mosamala mu aquarium, mudzazindikira nthawi ndi nthawi nsomba zimaundana m’madzi osayenda. Nsomba mu chikhalidwe ichi tingati kugona.

Malinga ndi zamoyo, nsomba iliyonse imakhala ndi nthawi yake yogona. Nthawi ya tsiku yomwe nsomba zimapumula zimakhudzidwa ndi chilengedwe komanso moyo, komanso njira yodyetsera. Mwachitsanzo, zinthu zotere zimatha kukhala kuwonekera kwamadzi, kukhuthala kwake ndi kachulukidwe, kuya kwakukhala, komanso kuthamanga kwa madzi. Kuyika nsomba molingana ndi nthawi ya tsiku lopuma, titha kusiyanitsa:

• nsomba za tsiku ndi tsiku - zokonda kuwala. Izi sizikutanthauza kuti akufuna kugona usiku, izi zikusonyeza kuti dongosolo la maso awo amalola kuti aziwona bwino m'madzi masana, ndi mumdima - amapumula momwe angathere;
• nsomba za usiku - madzulo. Nsombazi zimawona bwino mumdima, komabe, maso awo amatha kumva kwambiri masana, choncho amayesa kupuma masana. Mitundu yambiri ya nyama zolusa ndi nsomba zausiku.

Chifukwa nsombazi zimagona, mukhoza kudziwa kuti ndi za gulu liti.

Kodi nsomba za m'gulu la mafupa zimagona bwanji?

Nsomba zamagulu a mafupa zimapuma m'malo abata ndi opanda phokoso. Amatha kukhala panthawi yogona m'malo osiyanasiyana osangalatsa. Mwachitsanzo:

• cod ili m'mbali kapena m'mimba mpaka pansi;
• herring imapachikidwa mozondoka kapena mozondoka m’mbali mwa madzi;
• flounder, kukonzekera kupuma, amakumba mumchenga.

Musanachepetse ntchito yawo, nsomba osati kungosankha malo opumula, komanso yesetsani kusamalira chitetezo chawo. Mwachitsanzo, nsomba ya parrot yomwe imakhala m’madera otentha imadzizinga ndi matope ambiri moti nyama yolusayo isamve fungo lake.

Kodi nsomba za m'gulu la cartilaginous zimagona bwanji?

Kupeza malo abwino ogona nsomba za cartilaginous ndizovuta kwambiri kusiyana ndi nsomba za mafupa. Mavutowa amabweranso chifukwa cha kusiyana kwa thupi lawo. Tiyeni tikambirane mwatsatanetsatane.

Nsomba za mafupa, mosiyana ndi nsomba za cartilaginous, zimakhala ndi chikhodzodzo chosambira. Chikhodzodzo chosambira ndi chotuluka pakhosi, m'mawu osavuta - thumba lodzaza ndi mpweya. Ntchito yake yayikulu ndikuthandiza nsomba kukhalabe pakuya kwina. Kutsika mpaka pansi nsomba imawuzira mpweya wina, ndipo ngati mukwera pamwamba - kupeza. Nsomba, mothandizidwa ndi thovu, zimango "kupachika" m'madzi pakuya kofunikira. Nsomba za cartilaginous zilibe luso limeneli, choncho amafunika kuyenda nthawi zonse. Akasiya, nthawi yomweyo amamira ndikugwa pansi.

Komabe, ngakhale pansi, gulu la nsomba za cartilaginous silingakwanitse kupuma mwamtendere. Zonsezi ndichifukwa cha kapangidwe kake ka gill. Zophimba za gill zimapangidwa kokha m'gulu la nsomba za mafupa. Mwachitsanzo, shaki za cartilaginous zimakhala ndi ming'alu m'malo mwa ma gill. Chifukwa chake, shaki sizingathe kusuntha matumbo awo. Kuti madzi odzaza ndi okosijeni wofunikira alowe m'mitsempha ya gill, shaki iyenera kusuntha nthawi zonse, apo ayi ikhoza kufota.

Nsomba za cartilaginous zimathetsa vutoli m'njira zingapo.

1 njira

Nsombazo zimapuma popumira pansi m'malo oyenda mwachilengedwe, kotero kuti madzi amalowa m'mitsempha ya gill. Ngakhale zili choncho amatha kutsegula ndi kutseka pakamwa nthawi zonse, kupanga madzi kuzungulira m'matumbo.

2 njira

Ena oimira nsomba za bony ali ndi spiracles - mabowo ang'onoang'ono omwe ali kumbuyo kwa diso. Ntchito yaikulu ya spiracles ndi kutunga madzi ndi kuwapereka kwa gill. Mwachitsanzo, nsomba zam'madzi ndi tiger shark zili ndi izi.

3 njira

Pali nsomba zomwe zimapuma. Mwachitsanzo, munthu wokhala ku Black Sea katran sasiya. Mphepete mwa msana wa shark iyi ndi yomwe imayang'anira ntchito ya minofu yosambira, choncho, pamene ubongo uli mu mpumulo, katran ikupitiriza kuyenda.