Momwe mungadyetse kamba ka makutu ofiira: malamulo odyetsera kunyumba, mndandanda wa zakudya zomwe zingaperekedwe kwa zokwawa.

Chakudya choyenera ndicho chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimatsimikizira moyo wautali wa chiweto.

Tiyeni tiwone zakudya zololedwa ndi zoletsedwa za akamba okhala ndi makutu ofiira ndikuwona momwe angadyetsere bwino zokwawa zam'madzi.

Zololedwa

Mpaka chaka chimodzi, zokwawa zam'madzi am'madzi zimakhala ndi moyo wolusa, koma ndi zaka zimatsamira kwambiri zomera, masamba ndi zipatso. Chifukwa cha izi, akamba okhala ndi makutu ofiira amatchulidwa kuti omnivores, ndipo zakudya zawo zimachokera ku mitundu iwiri ya zakudya:

• nyama yomwe imapanga 70-90% ya zakudya;
• masamba, kupanga 10-30% ya zakudya.

ZOFUNIKA! Kunyumba, akamba ofiira amadya mofunitsitsa zakudya zopangidwa ndi mafakitale, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kusunga.

Kuphatikiza pa zakudya zazikulu, zakudya ziyenera kukhala ndi mavitamini ndi mchere. Kwa akamba, mazira a mazira ndi mafupa a mafupa, olemera mu calcium, adzakhala othandiza.

Zakudya za ziweto

Kuchokera ku zakudya zomwe zimachokera ku zinyama, akamba ofiira angaperekedwe:

1. Zoyipa. Mutha kudyetsa chiweto chanu ndi nyama yophika (chiwindi cha ng'ombe kapena nkhuku ndi mtima) kuti muchepetse matenda obwera chifukwa cha tizilombo.
2. Nsomba ndi nsomba zam'nyanja. Nsomba za m'mitsinje ndi m'nyanja ziyenera kutsukidwa mafupa akuluakulu ndikusungidwa m'madzi otentha kuti achotse thiaminase, puloteni yomwe imawononga vitamini B1 ndikuyika chiwopsezo ku dongosolo lamanjenje. Shrimp, octopus ndi mussels zitha kudyetsedwa mazira kuchokera kunyanja kapena mwatsopano.
3. tizilombo. Akamba ofiira amasangalala kudya ziwala, coretra, bloodworms ndi tizilombo tina monga chakudya chamoyo kapena chouma. M'nyengo yozizira, zimakhala zovuta kwambiri ndi tizilombo tamoyo, kotero mutha kupereka mphutsi ya chakudya kwa chiweto chanu.

Zakudya zamapuloteni za akamba okhala ndi khutu zofiira ziyenera kukhala pafupi kwambiri ndi zochitika zakutchire, zomwe zimawoneka zowopsya pang'ono. Kukonzekera kwa kusaka nyama zamoyo ndi mfundo yofunika kwambiri pakukonza zolusa za redworts. Monga chakudya chamoyo mungagwiritse ntchito:

• nsomba za aquarium: crucians, swordtails, guppies, goldfish;
• kudyetsa makoswe ndi mbewa (sankhani dazi, tsitsi ndi othamanga osapitirira 9 cm);
• tizilombo tapamtunda: crickets, zofobas, mbozi, mphutsi;
• nkhono ndi achule;
• Tizilombo ta m'madzi: tubifex, bloodworm, daphnia (ndizothandiza makamaka kudyetsa mphutsi zamagazi pambuyo posala kudya kwanthawi yayitali komwe kumakhudzana ndi kugona kapena matenda).

ZOFUNIKA! Kudyetsa ndi gammarus (mormysh) ndikovomerezeka ngati gwero lina la chakudya. Gammarus yamoyo kapena youma sangadzitamande chifukwa cha mavitamini othandiza zokwawa, ndipo chipolopolo cholimba cha chitinous chimasokoneza kagayidwe kachakudya. Ma crustaceans awa atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chithandizo powonjezera chakudya chowuma cha makutu ofiira oyenda kamodzi pa sabata.

Akamba amadya nkhono mofunitsitsa, ndipo chifukwa cha mavitamini omwe ali mu nyama, caviar ndi chipolopolo, mutha kusangalatsa ziweto zanu pafupipafupi. Pewani ma clams akuthengo ndikukonda Achatina.

ZOFUNIKA! Musanadyetse chokwawa, onetsetsani kuti chipolopolocho chilibe nsonga zakuthwa zomwe zingawononge mmero. Nkhono zomwe zimakhala zazikulu kwambiri zimafunika kuphwanyidwa pang'ono kuti kumeza kukhale kosavuta.

kubzala chakudya

Akamba okhala ndi khutu lofiira amatha kudyetsedwa zakudya zotsatirazi:

1. masamba. Zokwawa zimadyetsedwa broccoli, zukini, tsabola, biringanya, dzungu, kaloti, beets kapena nkhaka. Kudya nyemba ndi koopsa chifukwa cha kutupa, koma masamba awo ndi abwino komanso otetezeka a mavitamini.
2. Zipatso ndi zipatso. Zakudya za zipatso ndi mabulosi ndizokoma kwenikweni kwa kamba wa makutu ofiira. Sungani kamba wanu ndi ma apricots, nthochi, zipatso za citrus, maapulo, mapichesi, mavwende, plums kapena mapeyala. Onetsetsani kuti mwachotsa mbewu musanadye.
3. Grass. Mu kasupe, chilimwe ndi kumayambiriro kwa autumn, mukhoza kuchiza chiweto chanu ndi udzu pafupi ndi nyumba, kunyamula clover, plantain, dandelions kapena coltsfoot. Oats kapena balere wophuka ndi oyenera kudya m'nyengo yozizira.
4. zomera za aquarium. Akamba amakonda kudya watercress, duckweed ndi madzi spirogyra. Kuti mupewe madzi amtambo, bzalani mbewu mu aquarium yosiyana.
5. bowa. Mutha kuwonjezera zosiyanasiyana menyu ndi russula, boletus kapena champignons. Thandizo lotere liyenera kuperekedwa zosaposa 1 nthawi pa sabata.

Chakudya chopanga (chamafakitale).

Kunyumba, otsetsereka a makutu ofiira amatha kudyetsedwa chakudya chokonzekera - chosakaniza chosakaniza cha michere chomwe chimapangidwira makamaka zokwawa zam'madzi.

Ngakhale kuphweka kwa kudyetsa koteroko, sikuvomerezeka kuti musankhe ngati mono-chakudya. Opanga ambiri samatsatira zomwe adokotala amalangiza, kotero kuti nyamayo imatha kudwala beriberi.

Zakudya zokonzedwa kale zimadyetsedwa bwino ngati gwero lowonjezera lazakudya, zomwe zimakonda zodziwika bwino:

1. Sera. Chakudya chouma cha ku Germany choyenera kwa akamba akuluakulu ndi aang'ono ofiira. Kupatulapo ndi chakudya "Sera Reptil Professional Carnivor", chopangira nyama zakale kuposa zaka ziwiri. 2. JBL. Ndi mtundu waku America, ndibwino kupewa JBL ProBaby, JBL Gammarus, ndi JBL Tortil, zomwe zili ndi mazira, mkaka, ndi gammarus. 3. tetra. Chakudya china cha ku Germany cholimbikitsidwa ndi veterinarian. Kwa akamba ang'onoang'ono okhala ndi makutu ofiira, mzere wa Tetra ReptoMin Baby ndiwoyenera. Mitundu yokhala ndi gammarus imapewa bwino, chifukwa chipolopolo cha crustacean chingayambitse tympania.

Kampani yotchuka kwambiri yaku Russia yomwe imapanga chakudya cha akamba okhala ndi makutu ofiira amatchedwa Zoomir. Choyipa chachikulu chazinthu zake za Tortila ndi kupezeka kwa gammarus ndi yisiti ya mowa. Kuvulaza komwe kungatheke kwa chinthu choyamba chafotokozedwa pamwambapa, ndipo chachiwiri ndi chokayikitsa chifukwa chosowa phindu lapadera kwa chokwawa.

ZOFUNIKA! Posankha chakudya, tcherani khutu ku mapangidwe ake. Poyambirira ayenera kukhala nsomba, nkhono, offal ndi tizilombo. Kukhalapo kwa gammarus kuyenera kukhala kochepa. Kusowa kwake kwathunthu kukanakhala koyenera.

Ngati sitolo ilibe chakudya chabwino, ndiye kuti mukhoza kuphika nokha kunyumba.

Zakudya zopangira kunyumba

Kuti mupange chakudya ndi manja anu mudzafunika:

• wanga - 1 kg;
• squid - 0,3 kg;
• nkhuku - 0,5 kg;
• nkhuku - 1 kg;
• gelatin (agar-agar) - 150 g;
• madzi - 750 ml.

Kukonzekera:

1. Dulani nsomba ndi nsomba kudzera mu chopukusira nyama.
2. Sungunulani gelatin m'madzi ndikusiya kuti ifufuze.
3. Dulani nyama ya minced ndi manja anu kapena pestle. Izi zidzachotsa voids ndi mpweya wowonjezera.
4. Kutenthetsa nyama minced pa moto wochepa kwa mphindi 10.
5. Pangani mabowo mu minced nyama ndi kutsanulira kusungunuka gelatin mwa iwo.
6. Sakanizani bwino kwa mphindi khumi ndi zisanu.
7. Thirani chifukwa misa pa thireyi khitchini kapena wapadera chidebe. Adzathandiza kupatsa chakudya mawonekedwe ake omaliza.
8. Dikirani mpaka itazizira kwathunthu ndikuyika nkhungu mufiriji kwa maola 5.
9. Dulani misa yowumitsidwa muzidutswa tating'ono tating'ono ndikukulunga mu zojambulazo.
10. Ikani zidutswazo mufiriji. Musanadye, chotsani chimodzi mwa magawowo ndikusunga kutentha kwa maola anayi. Kamba wamkulu wamakutu ofiira okhala ndi chipolopolo cha 4 cm amatha kudyetsedwa ndi chakudya chomwe adalandira kwa chaka chimodzi.

ZOFUNIKA! Ngati gelatin imasinthidwa ndi agar-agar, ndiye kuti kyubu yogawidwa idzasungunuka nthawi yayitali m'madzi. Izi zimapangitsa kuti aquarium ikhale yopanda chakudya.

Kudyetsa akamba okhala ndi makutu ofiira chakudya chimodzi chopanga kungayambitse vuto la m'mimba. Onetsetsani kuti mumaphatikizapo zakudya za zomera ndi zinyama muzakudya za ziweto zanu.

Video: kuphika chakudya

Zoletsedwa

Akamba okhala ndi makutu ofiira sayenera kudyetsedwa zakudya zotsatirazi.

Chakudya chochokera ku nyama

1. Nyama. Zokwawa zolusa zimasangalala kudya nyama ya ng'ombe ndi nkhuku yophika, koma kudya nkhuku ndi nyama ya ziweto sichibadwa kwa akamba. Ngati mudyetsa nkhuku yanu, ikhoza kukana nsomba, zomwe zingabweretse mavuto m'mimba. Komanso sikuloledwa kupereka nyama yamafuta (nkhumba, mwanawankhosa).
2. Mazira a nkhuku. Kudyetsa yophika ndi yaiwisi mazira kumabweretsa bloating. Chifukwa cha kusowa kwa diaphragm, mapapo ndi mtima amapanikizika kwambiri, ndipo ntchito ya impso ikuwonongeka.
3. Nsomba ndi nsomba zam'nyanja. Chepetsani kudya nsomba zamafuta ambiri monga sprat, hering'i kapena capelin, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti matumbo azimatira. Osamwetulira chiweto chanu ndi timitengo ta nkhanu zomwe zili ndi zowonjezera zoyipa. Sizoyeneranso kudyetsa kamba ndi squids, chifukwa nthawi zina zimayambitsa chipwirikiti cha mapuloteni.
4. tizilombo. Kudyetsa kamba wa makutu ofiira ndi mphemvu zoweta kungayambitse imfa ya chokwawa cha m'madzi. Polimbana ndi tizilombo ta mustachioed, mankhwala oopsa amagwiritsidwa ntchito omwe angawononge ruby.

ZOFUNIKA! Osadyetsa mphutsi za ziweto zanu ndi slugs. Zoyambazo zimakhala ndi dongosolo lopotoka la kagayidwe kachakudya lomwe limasungunula chilichonse chomwe chili kunja kwa thupi la tizilombo ndipo chingawononge mimba ya chokwawa. Wachiwiri, atataya chitetezo chawo chanthawi zonse, amayamba kutaya poizoni.

Chomera chakudya

1. Zomera zapoizoni. Ngoziyi imayimiridwa ndi aquarium elodea yokhala ndi dzina lolankhula "mliri wamadzi".
2. Zomera zolemera mu phosphorous. Izi zikuphatikizapo tomato zomwe zimalepheretsa kuyamwa kwa calcium.
3. Alkaline, goiter (kuyambitsa kusowa kwa ayodini) ndi zomera za oxalate. Osapatsa chiweto chanu kolifulawa, mpiru, radishes, nyemba, katsitsumzukwa, mandimu, sipinachi, ndi chinanazi.
4. Mbewu ndi mtedza. Makangaza opindidwa, yamatcheri, ma plums, mapichesi ndi zipatso zina ndi zipatso ndi zowopsa kwa redheads chifukwa cha cyanide yomwe ili nayo.
5. Chakudya chokonzekera amphaka kapena agalu. Akamba sayenera kudyetsedwa china chilichonse kupatulapo chakudya chopangidwira zokwawa. Apo ayi, chokwawa chidzapeza mavuto a thanzi.
6. Zokolola za mkaka. Kusowa kwa michere yapadera sikulola zokwawa kuti zigaye mkaka, tchizi ta kanyumba ndi tchizi, kotero chakudya choterechi chimabweretsa kukhumudwa m'mimba.
7. Chakudya chochokera pagome la anthu. Nyama zosuta, maswiti, zakudya zamzitini, zokazinga ndi zophikidwa ndi zonunkhira ndizowopsa kwa akamba. Ndizoletsedwanso kupatsa akamba mkate womwe umayambitsa kutupa chifukwa cha yisiti yomwe ili nayo.

ZOFUNIKA! Kupereka nyama kwa akamba nthawi zambiri sikuvomerezeka, chifukwa kuchuluka kwa vitamini A kungayambitse kukula kwa rickets. Mbali yaikulu ya chakudya cha nyama iyenera kukhala nsomba.

Kumbukirani kuti kamba wa makutu ofiira sayenera kudyetsedwa chakudya chomwe sakanatha kuchipeza kuthengo. N’zokayikitsa kuti chokwawa chingaphunzire kukama mkaka kapena kupha ng’ombe.

Malamulo odyetsa

Kuti mudyetse bwino zokwawa zanu, tsatirani malangizo awa:

1. 1. Dyetsani kamba kamodzi patsiku m'mawa kapena madzulo. Madzulo, ntchito imachepa, zomwe zimasokoneza chimbudzi.
   2. Siyani chakudya kwa mphindi 30 zokha ndipo musadye mopambanitsa. Kunyumba, akamba ofiira amadya nthawi zonse, kotero amatha kukhala athanzi komanso owonongeka.
      

      ZOFUNIKA! Ngati chiweto chikukana chakudya choperekedwa, chepetsani kukula kwake kapena konzekerani kumenyedwa ndi njala kwakanthawi.

   3. Konzani masiku osala kudya. Kusaka kuthengo sikumakhala kopambana nthawi zonse, kotero kutsitsa kamodzi pa sabata kumapindulitsa ofiira.
   4. Pewani kudya mopambanitsa. Kamba kakang'ono ka makutu ofiira amadya ngati wamisala, osadziwa tanthauzo lake. Kukhutiritsa chilakolako chake kungakhale vuto lalikulu.
   5. Werengani kukula kwa chakudya, kutengera kukula kwa ruby. Kamba amafunika kudyetsedwa ndi zidutswa za chakudya zosapitirira theka la mutu wake.
      

      ZOFUNIKA! Chakudya chonse chowerengedwa pa kudyetsa 1 sichiyenera kupitirira theka la chipolopolo cha chokwawa.

   6. Onetsetsani kuti chakudya chili kutentha.
   7. Osagwiritsa ntchito mtundu umodzi wa chakudya. Kuti mukhale ndi thanzi la kamba wa makutu ofiira m'nyumba, m'pofunika kudya mitundu yonse ya zakudya zololedwa.
   8. Funsani veterinarian wanu za mavitamini. Sakanizani zowonjezera zovomerezeka ndi chakudya. Kamodzi pa sabata, zokwawa zimatha kudya chakudya cha mafupa ndi mazira ophwanyidwa, omwe amadzaza nkhokwe za calcium.
   9. Sewerani ndi mtundu. Pamaso pa zofiira, lalanje kapena zachikasu, kamba wa makutu ofiira amadya chakudya mofunitsitsa. Yesani kudyetsa maapulo ofiira, malalanje, maungu, kapena mavwende ndi chakudya chake.
   10. Yesani kuphunzitsa anthu ofiira kuti azidya pamtunda. Akamba am'madzi am'madzi amakhala ndikudya m'madzi, kotero kuti aquarium imakhala yodetsedwa ikatha kudya. Yesani kuyika chiweto chanu m'mbale ina yodzaza ndi madzi ndikudyetsa ndi tweezers.
       

       ZOFUNIKA! Sizingatheke kupeweratu kukhudzana ndi madzi, chifukwa redworts sadziwa momwe angatulutsire malovu ndikugwiritsa ntchito dziwe lawo kuti afewetse chakudya.

Offal ndi tizilombo ayenera kuperekedwa kamodzi pa sabata, ndi nsomba ndi nsomba nthawi iliyonse. Akamba ofiira ofiira amakonda nsomba zam'mimba ndipo amatafuna mafupa ang'onoang'ono popanda vuto lililonse, kotero palibe chifukwa chowombera nsomba musanatumikire.

Simuyenera kudyetsa mkazi watsitsi lofiira mofanana ndi masiku awiri motsatizana. Phatikizani zakudya zololedwa ndikukongoletsa chiweto chanu ndi zomwe amakonda:

• shrimp yobiriwira yokhala ndi mafuta abwino;
• chakudya chamoyo chomwe chimakupangitsani kumva ngati mlenje weniweni;
• tizilombo zouma, zomwe zimapezeka chaka chonse m'masitolo a ziweto;
• zipatso zanyengo.

Makhalidwe a kudyetsa akamba

Mpaka zaka 2, akamba ofiira akhanda ayenera kudyetsedwa chakudya cha 90% cha nyama:

• offal (mtima, chiwindi);
• tizilombo (bloodworms, daphnia, earthworms);
• nsomba yophika kapena yoviikidwa (crucian carp, nsomba);
• nsomba zam'madzi (shrimp, mussels);
• nsomba za aquarium (guppies, swordtails).

ZOFUNIKA! Ana amadyetsedwa tsiku lililonse.

Chakudya chokonzekera chopangidwira zokwawa zazing'ono zam'madzi ndizoyeneranso kamba wa makutu ofiira:

ZOFUNIKA! Zakudya zamagulu a mafupa kapena mazira ophwanyika, omwe amawonjezeredwa ku chakudya tsiku ndi tsiku, adzathandiza kupanga zishango zolimba za zipolopolo.

Ana akamba amatha kupatsidwa zakudya zochokera ku zomera pogwiritsa ntchito zipatso zokoma, masamba a nyengo, kapena udzu watsopano. Kupita ku chakudya choterocho sayenera> 10% ya okwana zakudya.

Kamba wokhala ndi carapace> 7 cm ndi kale chokwawa chachikulu. Kuyambira m'badwo uno, kuchuluka kwa mbewu chakudya amadya pang'onopang'ono kumawonjezeka.

Kudyetsa akuluakulu

Kwa akamba akuluakulu okhala ndi khutu lofiira, mapuloteni ndi osafunika kale, choncho kuchuluka kwa zakudya za zomera kumatha kufika 30% kapena 40%. Zokwawa zazikulu zam'madzi zimadyetsedwa 2-3 pa sabata ndi zakudya zilizonse zololedwa, kuzisintha ndi tsiku la sabata.

ZOFUNIKA! Kwa akamba akuluakulu okhala ndi makutu ofiira, pamafunika kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa chakudya cha mafupa mpaka 1 tsp. pa chakudya chimodzi, koma kuchepetsa kumwa kwake kamodzi pa sabata.

Pogula zakudya zopangidwa kale, sankhani imodzi mwa opanga omwe afotokozedwa pamwambapa. Izi zidzapulumutsa chiweto ku zotsatira zosayembekezereka ngati chikudya chakudya chochepa.

Mndandanda wazinthu zololedwa ndi zoletsedwa

Mndandanda wazinthu zololedwa ndi zoletsedwa zitha kupezeka mwatsatanetsatane pogwiritsa ntchito tebulo monga chitsanzo.

Mukamadyetsa redworts, tsatirani malamulo oyambira omwe ali ndi udindo wopatsa thanzi. Posankha zakudya zomwe zimaloledwa pang'onopang'ono, samalani ndikuyang'ana zomwe ziweto zanu zimachita. Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zodetsa nkhawa, onetsetsani kuti mwakumana ndi veterinarian wanu.

Kanema: Mayankho 10 a mafunso otchuka kwambiri okhudzana ndi zakudya zamakutu ofiira