Mitundu 10 ya ng'ombe zazikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi

Ndizovuta kulingalira madzulo kumidzi popanda kapu ya mkaka wofunda watsopano ndi mkate watsopano ndi kirimu wowawasa. Posachedwapa, bwalo la mudzi uliwonse linali ndi ng'ombe zosachepera 2-3. Tsopano nthawi zasintha, koma alimi sanachokepo ndipo akupereka mwachangu nyama ndi mkaka wokoma padziko lonse lapansi.

Kuti muchite bwino, mitundu yabwino yokha ndiyomwe imasankhidwa. M'nkhani yathu, muphunzira za ng'ombe zazikulu kwambiri padziko lapansi, zomwe kulemera kwake kumafikira ma kilogalamu 1500. Pafupifupi mitundu yonse imaŵetedwa mwachangu m'dziko lathu.

10 Tagil, 530-590 kg

Mtundu uwu udabzalidwa m'zaka za 18-19. Ku Urals, adawoloka ng'ombe zam'deralo ndi mitundu yachi Dutch ndipo adawona kuti kuwoloka kunali ndi zotsatira zabwino pamapangidwe ndi mammary glands. Kotero mu magawo angapo adachotsedwa Mtundu wa Tagil. Kulemera kwake kumachokera ku 500 kilogalamu ndikuwonjezeka pang'ono.

Nthawi zambiri pali zakuda ndi zakuda ndi zoyera, koma mtundu wa mtundu uwu ndi wosiyana. Ubwino waukulu wa mtundu uwu ndi kudzichepetsa kwake ku chilengedwe. Amakhala bwino m'nyengo yovuta ndipo sataya mkaka. Komanso, n'zosavuta kuswana.

9. Anglerskaya, 550 kg

Mtundu uwu ndi wochokera ku Germany. Makhalidwe ake akuphatikizapo angelo ndi nyanga zazifupi. Zoyambazo zimakhala ndi mkaka wochuluka, pamene zotsirizirazo zimapangidwira kupanga nyama.

Zinyama izi zatsimikizira kuti ndizopanga mkaka ndi nyama. Iwo amaŵetedwa osati ku Germany, komanso ku America ndi Russia.

Mtundu wawo ndi wofiira kapena chitumbuwa. Ndendende Ng'ombe yamphongo imatengedwa kuti ndiyabwino kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi pankhani yakhungu. Kulemera kwa ng’ombe kumafika ma kilogalamu 550, ndipo ng’ombeyo imalemera kuwirikiza kawiri.

8. Zakuda ndi zoyera, 650 kg

Ndi mitundu iyi yomwe imatha kuwonedwa nthawi zambiri pa TV kapena m'mafanizo a mabuku a ana. Iwo amagawidwa ngati purebred. Ng'ombe izi zimagawidwa m'magulu awiri: Urals wakuda ndi woyera и Siberia wakuda ndi woyera. Kuchuluka kwa mkaka wamtundu wachiwiri ndikokwera kwambiri kuposa Ural.

Ng'ombe izi zimagwirizana bwino ndi moyo uliwonse, kupatulapo zimakhala ndi thanzi labwino, zomwe zimayamikiridwa kwambiri. Koma ngakhale zonsezi, zimakhala zovuta kwambiri m'ndende, choncho muyenera kuwasamalira mosamala komanso mosamala.

7. Limousin, 700 kg

Mtundu uwu umatenga malo oyenerera pamagulu a ng'ombe zazikulu kwambiri. Nyama ng'ombe ya limousine mwamwambo ankaona kuti zokoma kwambiri. Amachokera ku France ndipo amalimidwabe kumeneko. Dzinali adalandira chifukwa cha dera la ku France komwe ng'ombe zidayamba kuŵetedwa.

Anthu a ku Australia ndi ku Latin America akwanitsanso kuŵeta ng’ombe za Limousin. Mtundu wa ng'ombe ukhoza kukhala mithunzi ingapo ya golide wofiira ndi wofiira. Pali gulu limodzi la ng'ombe ya Limousin yomwe idapakidwa utoto wakuda. Ng'ombe zimakula mpaka ma kilogalamu 700, zomwe zimawayika m'nkhani yayikulu pakugulitsa nyama.

6. Holstein, 700 kg

Mtundu uwu udabzalidwa m'zaka za zana la 19 ku USA, koma udatchuka m'maiko ena ambiri. Imasiyanitsidwa ndi ena osati kokha ndi zokolola zazikulu za mkaka, komanso ndi kukula kwake kwakukulu. Komanso, ambiri amene amaweta ng'ombe ngati nyama amagwiritsa ntchito ndendende Mitundu ya Holstein, kulemera kwake kumafika ma kilogalamu 700.

Makolo a ng'ombe iyi anali oimira ng'ombe zakuda ndi zoyera. Mtundu uwu ndi wosavuta kusiyanitsa ndi zizindikiro zakunja. Ng'ombe ndi zakuda ndi zoyera, ndipo chiŵerengero cha zoyera ndi zakuda zingakhale zosiyana kwambiri.

Ng’ombe zimenezi n’zaukhondo, koma nthawi yomweyo zimagwirizana ndi mmene zinthu zilili pa moyo wawo. Ku Israeli, adachita bwino kwambiri kuchokera ku mtundu uwu padziko lonse lapansi, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa zomwe zili.

5. Bestuzhevskaya, 800 kg

Iyi ndi imodzi mwa mitundu yakale kwambiri yapakhomo. Anatulutsidwa mu 1780. Dzina la mtunduwo linali chifukwa cha dzina la woweta. Mtunduwu unavomerezedwa kokha mu 1869. Ali ndi mithunzi yambiri yofiira ndi chitumbuwa. Malinga ndi malamulo oyendetsera dziko, amapangidwa bwino kwambiri. Kulemera kuchokera 500 mpaka 800 kilogalamu.

kwambiri Bestuzhev mtundu zimaŵetedwa m'madera Samara ndi Ulyanovsk, komanso Bashkiria. Ng'ombe zotere zimakhala zodzichepetsa pa moyo komanso m'zakudya.

Chifukwa cha kulimba kwawo, amalimbana ndi matenda ambiri. Uwu ndi mtundu wa ng'ombe wotchuka kwambiri ku Russia pakupanga mkaka ndi nyama.

4. Kostroma, 800 kg

Poyerekeza ndi mitundu yochokera kunja, Kostroma osabala zipatso, koma ndiye amene nthawi zambiri amasankhidwa ndi alimi aku Russia chifukwa chogwirizana ndi nyengo.

M'zaka za zana la 19, kuyesa kunayamba kudera la Kostroma kuti awonjezere zokolola za ng'ombe. Pambuyo poyesa kwa nthawi yayitali, asayansi adatha kubweretsa ng'ombe pamlingo wovomerezeka. Ndipo mu 1940, mtundu wa Kostroma unayamba kuperekedwa kunja kwa dera.

Mtundu wa Kostroma uli ndi zinthu zingapo zomwe ndizosiyana nazo. Khalidwe likhoza kukhala chirichonse. Alimi osiyanasiyana amalankhula mosiyana za mtundu uwu. Winawake akunena kuti ali odekha, pamene wina, m'malo mwake, amawaona ngati achiwawa komanso osakhazikika.

3. Montbeliardskaya, 600-820 makilogalamu

Ng'ombe zokongola kwambiri komanso zokongola. Amapereka mkaka wapamwamba kwambiri kwa nthawi yayitali ndipo kulemera kwawo kumatha kufika ma kilogalamu 820.

Oweta ng'ombe a ku Switzerland ndi France adadziyika okha cholinga chopanga ng'ombe zamtundu wodzichepetsa komanso zolimba komanso zokolola zambiri. Iwo anayamba m'zaka za m'ma 18, anakwanitsa kupeza ng'ombe ndi makhalidwe onse zofunika patatha zaka zana.

Mu 1889, pa World Exhibition ku France, ulaliki wovomerezeka Ng'ombe ya Montbéliard. Pakati pa achibale ake onse, mtundu uwu umatengedwa kuti ndi wokongola kwambiri, choncho amautenga kuti ukhale nyenyezi mu malonda a mkaka.

2. Dutch, 600-1000 kg

Ng'ombe imeneyi imatengedwa kuti ndi imodzi mwa zakale kwambiri komanso zobereka kwambiri. Ali ndi zaka zoposa mazana atatu. Iye anabadwira ku Holland ndipo ndi wamba. Chifukwa cha iye, mitundu yatsopano ya ng'ombe yakula ndipo ngakhale kupanga.

mtundu wa Dutch yomwe ili padziko lonse lapansi, idafika ku Russia mu ulamuliro wa Peter Wamkulu. Amasiyanitsidwa ndi mtundu wake wakuda ndi woyera wokhala ndi lamba wodziwika bwino. Imakula mpaka 600 ndipo ngakhale 1000 kilogalamu.

Ubwino wa mtundu uwu sikuti umangosintha mwachangu nyengo iliyonse, ndiwopindulitsa kwambiri mkaka ndi nyama. Amakhalanso m'magulu okhwima oyambilira.

Koma pali zovuta zingapo zosunga ng'ombe yachi Dutch, mwachitsanzo, amatha kutenga matenda osiyanasiyana opatsirana.

1. Hereford, 800-1500 kg

Wolemera weniweni amatseka mndandanda wathu - Ng'ombe ya Hereford. Kulemera kwake kumatha kufika ma kilogalamu 1500. Anabweretsa ku England m'zaka za 17-18. Ng'ombe za Hereford zimakula ku New Zealand, Canada, USA, Australia, Kazakhstan.

Ng'ombe zinabweretsedwa ku Russia mu 1928-1932 kuchokera ku England ndi Uruguay. Tsopano m'dzikolo potengera kuchuluka kwa mitundu, mtundu wa Hereford uli wachiwiri pakati pa mitundu ya nyama. Amayi awo amatha kukhala ofiira akuda, choncho ndi osavuta kusiyanitsa ndi mitundu ina.

Pobadwa, ng'ombe imalemera mpaka 30 kilogalamu. Nyama "marble" ndi high-calorie, ndi okwera mtengo kwambiri. Ng'ombe zotere zimakhwima msanga komanso mosavuta kuzolowera zilizonse. Nyama yamtundu wa Hereford imatengedwa kuti ndi imodzi mwazabwino kwambiri zophikira nyama.