Kodi kangaude wa karakurt ndi chiyani muyenera kuchita mantha

Anthu ambiri amaona kuti njoka ndi nyama yoopsa kwambiri padziko lonse. Komabe, kangaude waung’ono amakhala pa dziko lathu lapansi, amene kuluma kwake kuli koopsa kuŵirikiza ka 15 kuposa kulumidwa ndi njoka. Iyi ndi karakurt, yomwe imatengedwa kuti ndi imodzi mwa akangaude oopsa kwambiri padziko lapansi, choncho ndi bwino kuti tidziwe bwino.

Kodi kangaude karakurt ndi chiyani

Dzina la kangaude limamasuliridwa kuti "kara" (wakuda) ndi "kurt" (worm). M'chinenero cha Kalmyk, karakurt imamveka ngati “Black Widow”. Dzinali limadzilungamitsa kwathunthu. Chowonadi ndi chakuti pambuyo pa makwerero, akangaude amadya anzawo, ndipo izi zimachitika ndi njonda iliyonse yotsatira.

Akazi amasiyana kwambiri ndi amuna. Kukula kwa kangaude ndi 10-20 mm, ndipo mwamuna nthawi zambiri amakhala ochepa, 4-7 mm okha. Zili zakuda mumtundu ndi madontho khumi ndi atatu ofiira kumbali yakumtunda kwa mimba. Ndi malo awa omwe ali chizindikiro chawo. Chochititsa chidwi n'chakuti, kufika msinkhu, mawangawa amatha kutha.

Akangaude a Karakurt ali ndi "chida chamankhwala" champhamvu kwambiri - poizoni. Amafunikira kuti azisaka tizilombo tosiyanasiyana. Kuphatikiza apo, ndi chithandizo chake, amawononga nyama za steppe, mwachitsanzo, agologolo, omwe mabowo awo amayamba kupotoza ukonde wawo. Ngati sasokonezedwa, sangaukire, koma ngati kuli koopsa amayamba kuukira nthawi yomweyo.

Habitat

Nthawi zambiri kangaude uyu angapezeke m'malo otsatirawa:

• Zigawo za zipululu za Kazakhstan.
• Ma steppes a dera la Astrakhan.
• Middle Asia.
• Afghanistan.
• Iran.
• Mabanki a Yenisei.
• Nyanja ya Mediterranean.
• Kumwera kwa Ulaya.
• Kumpoto kwa Africa.
• Crimea.
• Chigawo cha Black Sea.

Pali zochitika zodziwika za kupezeka kwawo kum'mwera kwa Urals, m'madera omwe ali m'malire a Kazakhstan. Akangaude anayamba kupezeka ku Azerbaijan, komanso m'chigawo cha Rostov. Ngati nyengo ikutentha kwambiri, ma karakurts amatha kupita kumadera akumpoto, mwachitsanzo, m'midzi. Amapezekanso kumalo okwera, koma amakhala kumeneko mpaka kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yozizira. Mikhalidwe yabwino pa moyo wawo yotentha yotentha ndi yotentha yophukira.

Ma Karakurt amakhala makamaka m'mapiri, m'maenje, madambo amchere, m'mphepete mwa mitsinje, m'midzi yosiyidwa. Amaluka ukonde m'ming'alu ya dziko lapansi, m'maenje, m'miyendo ya makoswe, kumene mu July-August amamanga zikwa ndi dzira. Patatha sabata imodzi, akangaude amaswa mazira, komabe, masika wotsatira amayamba kukwawa kuchokera ku khola. Kutentha kwa mpweya panthawiyi kumafika madigiri 30. M'dzinja, oimira akuluakulu onse a karakurts amafa.

Akangaudewa amadya akalulu, mavu, ndi kafadala. Nthawi zambiri nkhosa zimaponda nsonga zawo.

Kubalana

Akangaude a Karakurt ndi ochuluka kwambiri komanso ochuluka zaka 10-12 zilizonse kukula kwawo kofulumira kumawonedwa. Poikira mazira, yaikazi imapota ukonde m’ming’alu ya nthaka, m’ngalande za makoswe, ndi m’ngalande za mpweya wabwino. Akangaude amakhala m'nyengo yozizira mu chikwa, ndipo amakwawa mu April. Mu June, akangaude amakhwima pogonana. Nyengo yotentha ikangoyamba, ma karakurt amayamba kuyang'ana malo otetezedwa kuti akwere. Kenako zazikazi zimayamba kufunafuna malo oikira mazira.

Kodi kuopsa kwa kuluma kwa karakurt ndi chiyani

Zowopsa kwambiri ndizo akazi okhwima pakugonana, ndipo amuna sangathe kuluma pakhungu la munthu. Mu July-August, nsonga ya kangaude zimachitika, pamene kusamuka kwa akazi kumayamba. Ululu wawo ndi wamphamvu kuwirikiza ka 15 kuposa wa njoka yaululu kwambiri. Zimayenda mofulumira kwambiri, ndipo zimatha kuukira mosazindikira.

Akazi samaukira poyamba. Izi zimachitika pokhapokha ataphwanyidwa mwangozi, ndipo iye, podziteteza, akhoza kuluma. Nthawi zambiri izi zimachitika usiku panthawi yachisangalalo chakunja, nthawi zambiri masana.

Pamalo olumidwa ndi kangaude amawonekera koyamba kadontho kakang'ono kofiirakoma chimasowa msanga. Kuluma palokha sikupweteka kwambiri, komabe, pamene poizoni ayamba kuchitapo kanthu, pali ululu waukulu pamalo ano. Munthu ali ndi chisangalalo champhamvu m'maganizo, amakhudzidwa ndi mantha ndi mantha a imfa, spasms ndi kupsinjika. Ovutika ndi matenda a mtima sangathe kupirira mkhalidwe woterowo.

Pambuyo pa mphindi 10-15, pali ululu wopweteka kwambiri pamimba, pachifuwa ndi m'munsi, miyendo imayamba kuchotsedwa. Pali kusanza, mutu ndi chizungulire. Nkhope imakhala cyanotic, kugunda kumayamba kuchepa ndipo arrhythmia imachitika, mapuloteni amawoneka mumkodzo. Pambuyo pake, wodwalayo lethargy zimachitika, komabe, kupweteka kwakukulu kumamupangitsa iye kusapeza bwino. Pambuyo pa masiku 5, zotupa zimawonekera pakhungu, ndipo mkhalidwewo umakhala bwino pang'ono. Kuchira komaliza kumachitika pakatha milungu itatu, mkati mwa mwezi umodzi wodwala samasiya kufooka.

chithandizo

Ngati simubwera kudzapulumutsa pa nthawi yake, wozunzidwayo akhoza kufa.

• Mwamsanga pamene kuluma kumachitika, mukhoza kutentha malowa ndi ndudu kapena machesi. Chofunika kwambiri, izi ziyenera kuchitika mkati mwa mphindi ziwiri kuchokera pa kuluma. Chiphecho sichinakhale ndi nthawi yoti amwe, ndipo kutentha kumawononga. Njirayi imathandiza bwino kumtunda wakutali, pamene zidzatenga nthawi yayitali kwambiri kudikirira thandizo lachipatala.
• Mankhwala othandiza kwambiri ndi anti-karakurt seramu, yomwe iyenera kuperekedwa intramuscularly mwamsanga. Pambuyo pake, zizindikirozo zimachepa, ndipo pambuyo pa masiku 3-4 kuchira kumachitika.
• Kusisita ndi mowa, enemas kumathandiza bwino.
• Wozunzidwayo ayenera kupatsidwa madzi kapena tiyi ofunda kuti amwe, koma pang'onopang'ono, chifukwa kulumidwa kumawonjezera kutuluka kwa mkodzo.
• M`pofunika jekeseni m`nsinga 10-12 ml ya 33% Mowa aliyense 5-6 hours.
• Kuti muchepetse ululu, ndi bwino kubaya mankhwala opweteka, mwachitsanzo, analgin, diphenhydramine, ketanol.
• Mukhozanso kulowetsedwa mtsempha wa 2-3% yankho la potaziyamu permanganate.

Mwamwayi, kufa chifukwa cholumidwa ndi kangaude wa karakurt ndizosowa.

Prevention

Kangaude wa karakurt amatha kukhala m'nkhalango, m'mapaki, mabwalo, m'nyumba zachilimwe. Chifukwa chake, poyenda, ndikofunikira tsatirani njira zotetezera zotsatirazi:

• Ngati akangaude oterewa amadziwika kuti amakhala m'deralo, ndi bwino kuti musagone usiku wonse panja.
• Kukhudzana ndi malo ogona okhala ndi makoma amkati a mahema kuyenera kupewedwa.
• Ngati pakufunika kuyimitsa kaye kapena usiku wonse, muyenera kufufuza mosamala gawolo.
• Ngati mazenera kapena madontho pansi pa miyala amapezeka pomwe akangaude atha kukhala, ayenera kuphimbidwa ndi dothi.
• Zovala ziyenera kukhala za manja aatali, ndipo mutu uyenera kuphimbidwa ndi mpango kapena mutu wina.
• Ngati muli ndi usiku muhema, muyenera kuyang'ana mosamala malo ogona musanagone, komanso chikwama, zovala ndi nsapato, kumene akangaude a karakurt amatha kulowa.
• Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito denga, ndikuliyika pansi pa bedi.
• Mipata yaying'ono imatha kupangidwa mozungulira chihemacho.
• Nthawi zonse muzivala nsapato zomwe zingateteze mapazi anu ku kulumidwa ndi poizoni.
• Ngati mwadzidzidzi kangaude wa karakurt amapezeka pa zovala, simungathe kukanikiza kapena kunyamula. Ndi bwino kugwetsa pansi ndikudina kapena kungogwedeza pansi.

Kutsiliza

Kuyambira kulumidwa ndi akangaude a karakurt kwambiri zamoyo zonse zimavutika, ndipo pafupifupi nthaŵi zonse akavalo ndi ngamila zimafa. Akangaudewa akayamba kuberekana kwambiri, kuweta ziweto kumawonongeka kwambiri chifukwa cha kufa kwa ziweto zambiri. Ndicho chifukwa chake, kuti awononge akangaude a karakurt, nthaka imayikidwa ndi hexachloran ndi ziphe zina.

Ziyenera kukhala samalanipamene kuli kofunikira kupita ku chilengedwe kumalo kumene akangaude a karakurt ali ofala kwambiri. Ngati munthu alumidwa, chithandizo choyamba chiyenera kuperekedwa mwamsanga ndikupita kuchipatala mwamsanga.