Kodi kutentha kwabwinoko ndi kotani mu chofungatira chanyumba ndi zinthu zofunika

Mbalame monga nkhuku zafala, zakhala zikuwetedwa ndi anthu, zimagwiritsa ntchito nkhuku kuti zipeze nkhuku. Pazifukwa zina, kuswa mazira ndi nkhuku kwakhala kopanda ntchito, mitundu ina yakhala itaya mphamvu zawo zamayi kwa zaka zambiri. Oweta anayamba kugwiritsa ntchito njira zamakono zoyalitsira nkhuku poweta nkhuku pachifukwa ichi, kusiya nkhuku za nkhuku kuti apeze nkhuku zambiri.

Kukula nyama zazing'ono ndi nkhuku ndi chofungatira

M’midzi, anthu amagwiritsirabe ntchito njira yakale yopezera anapiye aang’ono, kaŵirikaŵiri amagwiritsira ntchito nkhuku poyalira, ndipo nthaŵi zina Turkey. Ali ulamuliro wonse wa ndondomeko yonse, ndipo anawo akaonekera, amawayendetsa mpaka nkhuku zitayamba kudziimira paokha. Kwa mitundu yolimidwa, zimakhala zovuta kupeza nkhuku, popeza ataya kale chibadwa cha makulitsidwe.

Pofuna kubereka ana mwachikhalidwe, nkhuku ya mayi siikira kwa miyezi 2-3, imakwirira mazira, ndiyeno imasamalira nkhuku. Kale pa tsiku la 3-4, nkhuku ya mayi imatengera nkhuku zake mumsewu, ngati kutentha sikuchepera +15^оС Ndipo nyengo ndi yotentha komanso yowala. Kumakulitsidwa kwa mazira a nkhuku kunyumba kumakupatsani mwayi wofulumizitsa njirayi ndikupatsanso ana ambiri.

Njira zamakono zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zotheka kuswana anapiye kuchokera ku mazira a nkhuku kunyumba popanda kugwiritsa ntchito chithandizo cha nkhuku pogwiritsa ntchito chofungatira.

Kukonzekera makulitsidwe

1. Makulitsidwe a nkhuku mazira kunyumba zimadalira khalidwe la mazira, komanso kulemera kwawo, mawonekedwe. Ndikwabwino kusankha mazira akuluakulu, ndipo mamba tcheru adzatha kudziwa kulemera kwawo ndi 1 gramu yolondola.
2. Mazira akuluakulu a nkhuku ali ndi chirichonse pa chitukuko chabwino ndi moyo wa mwana wosabadwayo, womwe ndi zakudya. Mitundu ya nkhuku za nyama ili ndi zofuna zawo, zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kusankha mazira awo, choncho amayamikiridwa kwambiri pakati pa obereketsa mbalame.
3. chipolopolo champhamvu amagwira ntchito ngati chitetezo chodalirika kwa mwana wosabadwayo ku zisonkhezero zakunja, chipolopolocho ndi chofunika kwambiri, kukhulupirika kwake kumagwirizanitsidwa ndi kusinthanitsa gasi ndi njira zowotcha. Chigobacho chiyenera kukhala chopanda ming'alu, kukhala ndi dongosolo lonse.
4. Ngati pali tchipisi tating'ono kapena ming'alu pa mazira a nkhuku, amatha kukhala osagwiritsidwa ntchito, tizilombo towopsa timakhazikikamo. Maonekedwe olakwika sangathe kupatsa mwana wosabadwayo ndi mpweya wokwanira, kusowa kwake kumabweretsa imfa.
5. Kuti muyang'ane mazira, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito galasi lokulitsa, mothandizidwa ndi zolakwa zonse zidzawoneka bwino, ndikofunikira kuti chipolopolocho chisakhale ndi zokopa, ziboliboli ndi zolakwika. Komanso, nyali zowala ndi ovoscope nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pofufuza bwino.

Kuona mazira ndi ovoscope kuti makulitsidwe

1. Chipangizochi chimatha kuona momwe mazira a mbalame iliyonse alili, choncho alimi ambiri a mbalame zoweta amachigwiritsa ntchito kuti azindikire zolakwika asanaikire komanso panthawi yomwe incubation imakula. Chipangizochi chidzatha kuzindikira zofooka zazing'ono pa chigoba cha dzira.
2. Zikafika pa mtundu wosowa, wamtengo wapatali, ulipo ming'alu yaing'ono, ndiye akatswiri amalangiza kuti athetse iwo ndi guluu ndi wowuma, notch kapena ming'alu imapakidwa ndi osakaniza okonzeka. Ngati mitundu yosowa komanso yamtengo wapatali ya nkhuku imawetedwa mu chofungatira, zolakwika zazing'ono sizikhala ndi gawo lalikulu, chifukwa mitundu yotere nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi mazira ochepa.
3. Kawirikawiri, ngati mazira ali ndi mawanga amdima komanso owala, ndiye kuti palibe chitsimikizo chakuti anapiye akhoza kukhala otheka kapena akhoza kukula pang'onopang'ono. Ovoscope imathandiza kuona kukhalapo kwa zipinda za mpweya, kutsitsimuka kwa mazira kumadalira iwo. Tikamaona, zipindazo zimaoneka ngati madontho akuda omwe ali kumapeto kwenikweni kwa mazirawo. Chipindacho chiyenera kukhala chaching'ono, chachikulu sichilola nkhuku kubadwa.
4. Chikhalidwe cha yolk chimatsimikiziridwanso, sichiyenera kusuntha momasuka mu chipolopolo, ndipo ngati izi zitachitika, ndiye kuti sizoyenera kwa chofungatira.

Njira ya Hatchery Disinfection

Njira yopangira mazira a nkhuku kunyumba zosatheka popanda disinfectionkuteteza tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kulowa mu chofungatira. M'mafamu a nkhuku, nthunzi ya formaldehyde nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito panthawi yoyamwitsa, yankho lomalizidwa limayikidwa m'zipinda zopangira ma incubator ndi nthunzi yothetsera kutentha kwa +37.^оC, ndiye zonse zomwe zili mkati zimakonzedwa mkati mwa mphindi 30.

Kunyumba, ambiri amatenga bokosi wamba la chofungatira chokhala ndi chivindikiro cholimba komanso kuyeretsa konyowa kumapha mazira osankhidwa. Amayikidwa mu pulasitiki, kenako amamizidwa mu njira B ya chloramine kapena ayodini. Zonse za grid kumizidwa mu njira yokonzekera, nthawi yomweyo imaphera tizilombo pamwamba pa chipolopolocho. Njirayi ndi yoyenera kwa eni nyumba, monga momwe ilili yabwino, sikufuna luso lapadera ndi chidziwitso. Njira iliyonse iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala, zisawononge thanzi la munthu.

Momwe mungasungire mazira pa chofungatira

Mazira amene amasankhidwira kuswa ayenera kusungidwa pa kutentha ndi chinyezi. Musachepetse kutentha pansi pa +10^оC, ngati mazira salowa m'chipinda posachedwapa Kuswana kwabwino kwambiri kwa anapiye kumawonedwa pamene kutentha kwa mpweya ndi +18^оС, imatengedwa kuti ndiyo yabwino kwambiri pakuchotsa nyama zazing'ono. Chinyezi chiyenera kukhala pamlingo wa 85% ndipo osapitirira.

Ngati mazira agona kwa nthawi yayitali, ndiye kuti sangakhale oyenera kuswana anapiye. Akakalamba, amacheperachepera ndikuchepera, popeza mapuloteni ataya madzi.

Ndibwino kuti muwasunge kwa masiku 6. Kusunga nthawi yayitali kungasokoneze kuswa kwa anapiye. Sizingatheke kusunga mazira osankhidwa mufiriji, kutentha kochepa kwambiri kumakhudza kwambiri chitukuko chamtsogolo.

Nthawi ndi momwe mungayikire mazira

1. Akatswiri amalangiza kuikira mazira madzulo, koma ambiri amachita nthawi iliyonse ya tsiku ndikupeza zotsatira zabwino.
2. Ngati mazira amasungidwa pa kutentha kochepa, ndiye asanawayike ayenera kuikidwa m'chipinda chofunda, ayenera kutenthedwa kutentha kutentha ndipo motero musataye chinyezi chamtengo wapatali.
3. Poyikira, mazira ayenera kukhala ofanana kukula, ndiye kuti nkhuku zidzawoneka nthawi yomweyo, zimadziwika kuti zazikulu zimafuna nthawi yochuluka pazochitika zonse.
4. Malo ofukula pakuyika kuyenera kukhala kovomerezeka, ndipo ngati thireyi siili yodzaza, ndiye kuti muyenera kumangirira mazira ndi pepala la makatoni kapena chingwe chachitsulo, ayenera kukhala m'malo, ngakhale atatembenuza.

Zomwe zingakhudze kuswana kwa nyama zazing'ono

Mulingo woyenera wa microclimate mu chofungatira ayenera kukhala yachibadwa hatch nkhuku. Onetsetsani kuti muyang'ane chinyezi kuti mazira asataye chinyezi, choyenera kwambiri chiyenera kukhala 75%. Ma incubators amakono ali ndi ma thermometers apadera omwe amakulolani kuti muyang'ane mlingo wa chinyezi ndi kutentha.

Miluza imafunikira mpweya wabwino, kotero muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti imalowa mu chofungatira kudzera m'mabowo apadera, sungani otseguka kuti mazirawo asafe.

Mulingo woyenera kwambiri youma babu kutentha ayenera kukhala +37,5^оС, ndipo pakanyowa, chizindikiro ndi +29^оC, nthawi kusunga mazira. Kale patatha masiku 6 payenera kukhala mitsempha yamagazi m'mazira, ndipo mluza umawonekera pa tsiku la 11.

Kusankhidwa kwa anapiye pambuyo poyamwitsa

Anapiye akangoyamba kuswa (pafupifupi mphindi 20-40) ayenera kusankhidwa, kusankha nthawi yayitali kumatha kusokoneza thanzi la anapiye. Zinyama zazing'ono za Frisky ndi zogwira ntchito zimakula bwino komanso mwachangu, zimatha kudziwika ndi kuwala kwawo, miyendo yolimba, imakhala yothamanga kwambiri ndipo imakhudzidwa ndi phokoso lililonse.

Anapiye athanzi ayenera kukhala nawo wonyezimira, wotumbululuka komanso maso owoneka bwino, komanso mlomo wamfupi, mimba yofewa yokhala ndi chingwe chosankhidwa cha umbilical, keel elastic. Ngati kutentha kwa chofungatira kuli bwino, ndiye kuti nkhuku zimakhala zoyenda komanso zokondwa, molimba mtima zimayima pamapazi awo. Kutentha kukakhala kopitilira muyeso, anapiye amakhala otopa, osafuna kudya.

Kutentha kochepa kumakhudzanso chitukuko, anapiye amayamba kugwedeza, kukhala osagwira ntchito.

Ngati anapiye ena sakwaniritsa zomwe zatchulidwazi, ndiye kuti sangathe kupanga nkhuku zathanzi ndi tambala.

Kupanga makulitsidwe aang'ono nyama

Chifukwa cha njira zamakono zopangira ma incubation, oweta ambiri a mbalame zapakhomo asiya kugwiritsa ntchito njira yachikhalidwe. - kuyamwitsa mazira ndi nkhuku. Chofungatira chimapereka mpata wabwino kwambiri wopezera nkhuku zambiri, koma kuti mukhale ndi ana abwino, muyenera kudziwa mfundo zofunika za momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito chofungatira, pomwe nkhuku zathanzi komanso zodzaza zimawonekera.

Nkhuku ndi tambala ndi ziweto zabwino kwambiri komanso zodzichepetsa zomwe zimabweretsa phindu, kotero kuwalera kungakhale bizinesi yosangalatsa komanso yopindulitsa.