Zomwe muyenera kudziwa za njuchi: maudindo mumng'oma ndi nthawi yomwe anthu amakhala

Apiologies amasiyanitsa mitundu pafupifupi 21 ya njuchi. Iwo ndi mbadwa za mavu olusa. Zikuoneka kuti iwo anasiya kudya tizilombo ta mitundu ina, atadya mobwerezabwereza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mungu.

Chisinthiko chofananacho chinachitika zaka pafupifupi 100 miliyoni zapitazo. Izi zikutsimikizira zokwiriridwa zakale za njuchi. Miyendoyi inali yofanana ndi ya zilombo zolusa, koma kukhalapo kwa tsitsi lambiri kumasonyeza kuti ndi ya tizilombo tomwe timadya mungu.

Njira yobereketsa mungu inalipo kale njuchi zisanawonekere. Zomera mungu wochokera ndi agulugufe, kafadala ndi ntchentche. Koma njuchi zinakhala zofulumira komanso zogwira mtima kwambiri pankhaniyi.

Tsopano njuchi zimatha kukhala kulikonse kupatula ku Antarctica. Asintha kuti azidya timadzi tokoma komanso mungu. Nectar imawonjezera mphamvu zomwe zimasungidwa, ndipo mungu umakhala ndi michere yonse yomwe imafunikira. Mapiko awiri amitundu yosiyanasiyana (ya kutsogolo kwake ndi yokulirapo pang'ono) amapatsa njuchi mphamvu yowuluka momasuka komanso mwachangu.

Mitundu yaying'ono kwambiri ndi yaing'ono. Amakhala ku Indonesia ndipo amafika kukula mpaka 39mm. Njuchi wamba imakula mpaka 2mm.

Kuuluka

Njuchi ndi limodzi mwa magulu akuluakulu a pollinators. Iwo amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pollination zomera. Amalimbikira kwambiri kutolera timadzi tokoma komanso kutolera mungu. Koma mungu umabweretsa zotsatira zokulirapo. Kwa kuyamwa timadzi tokoma, iwo gwiritsani ntchito proboscis yayitali.

Thupi lonse la njuchi limakutidwa ndi electrostatic villi, komwe mungu umamatira. Nthaŵi ndi nthaŵi, amatolera mungu mwa iwo pogwiritsa ntchito maburashi a m’miyendo yawo n’kuusamutsira mudengu lomwe lili pakati pa miyendo yawo yakumbuyo. Mungu ndi timadzi tokoma timasakanizana ndikupanga chinthu cha viscous chomwe chimalowa mu zisa. Mazira amayikidwa pa izi, ndipo ma cell amatsekedwa. Choncho, akuluakulu ndi mphutsi zawo sizigwirizana mwanjira iliyonse.

zoopsa zomwe zikubisalira

1. Mdani wamkulu ndi mbalame zomwe zimagwira tizilombo ngakhale pa ntchentche.
2. Pa maluwa okongola, ngozi ikuyembekezeranso. Nsikidzi za Triatomine ndi akangaude a m'mphepete mwa msewu azigwira ndikudya zopanga uchi zamizeremizere.
3. Mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochotsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi oopsa kwambiri kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

Kodi njuchi imakhala nthawi yayitali bwanji komanso zimadalira chiyani

Funsoli silingayankhidwe mosakayikira, ndipo ndi bwino kuganizira mtundu uliwonse wa njuchi padera.

Kodi mayi amakhala nthawi yayitali bwanji?

Chiberekero chimakhala moyo wautali kwambiri. Anthu ena amtengo wapatali amakhala ndi moyo mpaka zaka 6, koma izi ndizomwe zimayambira ana ambiri pachaka. Chaka chilichonse mfumukaziyi imaikira mazira ochepa. Chiberekero nthawi zambiri chimasinthidwa zaka ziwiri zilizonse.

Kodi drone imakhala nthawi yayitali bwanji?

Drones amawonekera mu kasupe. Patadutsa milungu iwiri asanakwanitse. Atalowetsa chiberekero, mwamuna amafa nthawi yomweyo. Ma Drones omwe anapulumuka ndipo sanagwirizane ndi chiberekero amakhalabe mpaka m'dzinja. Koma safunika kukhala ndi moyo wautali: njuchi zogwira ntchito zimachotsa ma drones mumng'oma kuti zisunge chakudya. Sizichitika kawirikawiri ndegeyo imapulumuka m'nyengo yozizira mumng'oma. Izi zikhoza kuchitika m’banja limene mulibe chiberekero kapena losabala.

Ndipo zikuwonekeratu: ma drones ambiri amatha milungu iwiri yokha, ena amakhala pafupifupi chaka chathunthu.

Kodi njuchi yantchito imakhala nthawi yayitali bwanji?

Moyo wa njuchi wantchito umadalira nyengo ya maonekedwe ake. Ana a kasupe amakhala masiku 30-35, June mmodzi - osapitirira 30. Ana omwe adawonekera mu nthawi yosonkhanitsa uchi amakhala masiku osachepera 28. Ziwindi zazitali ndi anthu a autumn. Ayenera kukhala ndi moyo mpaka masika, kuyembekezera nyengo ya uchi. M'nyengo ya Siberia, nthawiyi imatha kuchedwa kwa miyezi 6-7.

M'madera opanda ana, njuchi zantchito zimatha kukhala ndi moyo mpaka chaka chimodzi.

mgwirizano wa njuchi

izi tizilombo timakonzekera bwino. Kufunafuna chakudya, madzi ndi pogona amapangira pamodzi. Amadzitetezanso kwa adani onse pamodzi. Mumng'oma uliwonse umagwira ntchito yake. Onsewa amathandizira pomanga zisa, kusamalira ana ndi chiberekero.

Njuchi zimagawidwa m'magulu awiri malinga ndi dongosolo lawo:

1. pagulu. Zimayimira gulu lomwe pali magawo a ntchito.
2. Pagulu. Gululi limapangidwa ndi amayi ndi ana ake aakazi, kugawanika kwa ntchito kumasungidwa. Mu bungwe loterolo muli maulamuliro ena: amayi amatchedwa mfumukazi, ndipo ana ake aakazi amatchedwa antchito.

Pagulu, njuchi iliyonse imagwira ntchito yake. Malo a akatswiri amadalira zaka za munthu. 3-4 masiku a moyo njuchi yantchito yayamba kale kuyeretsa ma cell omwe iye adawonekera posachedwa. Pakatha masiku angapo, tiziwalo timene timatulutsa timadzi ta royal jelly. Ndipo pali "kuwonjezera". Tsopano ayenera kudyetsa mphutsi. M'nthawi yaulere kudyetsa, akupitiriza kuyeretsa ndi kusamalira chisa.

Ntchito za anamwino zikuphatikizapo kusamalira chiberekero. Amadyetsanso mfumukazi ndi royal jelly, kumusambitsa ndi kutsuka tsitsi lake. Udindo wa pafupifupi khumi ndi awiri a njuchi ndi kuyang'anira chitetezo ndi chitonthozo cha mfumukazi. Kupatula apo, malinga ngati ali otetezeka komanso omveka bwino, dongosolo lathunthu limalamulira m'gululi.

Njuchi ikafika zaka ziwiri zakubadwa, kusintha kwaukadaulo kumachitikanso. Kachilomboka amakhala womanga ndipo sadzabwereranso ku ntchito zake zakale. Tizilombo ta waxy timayamba pakatha milungu iwiri ya moyo. Tsopano njuchi idzakhala ikugwira ntchito yokonza zisa zakale ndi kumanga zatsopano. Iyenso amavomereza uchi kuchokera ku njuchi zodyera, amachikonzanso, n’kuchiika m’selo n’kuchimata ndi sera.

Palinso njuchi zomwe zimatchedwa njuchi zokha. Dzinali limatanthauza kukhalapo kwa mtundu umodzi wokha wa zazikazi, zomwe zimaswana ndi kupereka chakudya kwa ana awo. Iwo alibe gulu lapadera la antchito. Tizilombo totere sititulutsa uchi kapena sera. Koma chowonjezera chawo chachikulu ndikuti amaluma pokhapokha ngati adziteteza.

Mitundu yokhayokha imakonzekeretsa zisa pansi kapena mapesi a bango. Mofanana ndi mitundu ina ya njuchi, zazikazi zokhala paokha sizisamala za ana awo, zimangoyang’anira khomo la chisa. Amuna amabadwa msanga, ndipo pamene zazikazi zimabadwa, zimakhala zokonzeka kukwatiwa.

Njuchi za parasitic

Anthu awa kuba chakudya cha nyama zina ndi tizilombo. Oimira gulu ili alibe zipangizo zopezera mungu, ndipo samapanga zisa zawo. Iwo, monga nkhaka, amaikira mazira m’zisa za anthu ena, kwinaku akuwononga mphutsi za anthu ena. Pali zochitika pamene banja la kleptoparasite limapha eni ake a chisa ndi mfumukazi yawo, kuwononga mphutsi zawo zonse ndikuyika mazira.