Mfundo 10 zosangalatsa za masiponji - nyama zomwe sizinali zamtundu uliwonse padziko lapansi

Chamoyo ichi chilibe ubongo, dongosolo la m'mimba, minofu ndi ziwalo, komabe siponji ya m'nyanja imatchedwa nyama. Iwo amadziwika makamaka chifukwa cha kuthekera kwawo kukonzanso. Mophiphiritsa, ngati mupeta siponji mu sefa, imatha kuchira.

Amakhala ndi moyo wazaka 20, koma pali mitundu yomwe imatha kukhala zaka 1. Chamoyo chosachololeka chimenechi chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi zolinga za anthu. Poyamba, ankazichotsa pansi pa nyanja n’kuzigulitsa ngati nsalu zochapira, koma masiku ano anthu aphunzira kupanga zinthu zopanga zofananazo. Komabe, nsalu yochapirayo ndiyofanana kwambiri ndi chamoyo chimenechi.

Mpaka pano, mitundu yopitilira 8 ya masiponji imadziwika, ndipo 000 yokha ndiyomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito panyumba. Masiponji amakhala mosiyanasiyana ndipo amakhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana. Izi ndi nyama zapadera, kotero tasonkhanitsa kwa inu mfundo 11 zosangalatsa kwambiri za masiponji.

10 Imagwira ntchito ngati fyuluta yamadzi achilengedwe

Mitundu ina ya masiponji imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi anthu. Kuyambira kalekale, akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chotengera chakumwa chonyamulika, chomangira pansi pa chisoti ndi kusefa madzi.. Amakhala ndi zinthu zambiri zachilengedwe. Ali ndi antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal komanso anticancer properties.

Masiponji a m'nyanja amapopa mphamvu yoposa 200 ya mphamvu ya thupi lawo tsiku lililonse. Ukhondo wa dziwe umadalira iwo. Amatha kulamulira kuchuluka kwa madzi omwe amalowetsamo mwa kuchepetsa ndi kuchepetsa pores. Ting'onoting'ono topitilira XNUMX timakonda kumenya mosalekeza, motero timasefa madzi omwe akuyenda mosalekeza. Amatha kutchedwa "filter feeders" za m'nyanja.

9. Pakati pawo pali zilombo

Kwenikweni, masiponji ndi nyama zakale, koma palinso adani pakati pawo. Siponji yolusa ya Asbestopluma hypogea yochokera kubanja la Cladorhizidae idapezeka mu 1996.. Amakhala m'madzi ozizira, omwe kutentha kwake sikudutsa madigiri 13-15. Pakuya mpaka mamita 25, imamangirira thupi lake lozungulira pamakoma a phanga ndikudikirira nyama.

Siponjiyi imadya tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, tomwe timagwira ndi timizere tokhala ndi mbedza. Chakudya chimagayidwa mkati mwa masiku ochepa. Kumbukirani kuti chamoyo ichi alibe bwino m'mimba dongosolo. Selo lililonse limatenga nawo mbali pakuchitapo kanthu ndipo paokha amadya nyamayo. Umu ndi momwe amakhalira moyo wawo wonse. Sasuntha, koma amangokhala pamalo olimba ndikudikirira nyama.

8. Alibe ziwalo zamkati.

Masiponji alibe minyewa kapena ziwalo zodziwika bwino kwa zamoyo zina.. Koma amalumikizana ndi dziko lakunja m’njira imodzi m’zigawo zonse za thupi lawo. Selo lirilonse limagwira ntchito zake ndi ntchito zake, koma ali ndi ubale wosakhazikika. Mu sayansi, ambiri amavomereza kuti masiponji alibe ngakhale minofu.

Kumeza ndi kugaya chakudya kumachitika mwachilendo kwambiri. Masiponji olusa amatenga nyama ndikuigawa m'tizidutswa ting'onoting'ono, ndipo chilichonse chimaperekedwa ku selo linalake lomwe limadya. Njira yogwira imafanana ndi ya amoeba.

7. Pali mitundu itatu

Asayansi apeza mitundu itatu yomanga masiponji: ascon, sicon, leucon. Masiponji omalizira amaonedwa kuti ndi ovuta kwambiri chifukwa cha mapangidwe ake ndi ntchito zake. Masiponji amtundu wa leukonoid nthawi zambiri amakhala m'magulu.

6. Khalani pamalo amodzi kwamuyaya

Masiponji a m’nyanja amakhala pansi, ena m’makoma a mapanga. Amadziphatika pamalo olimba ndipo amakhala osasunthika.. Sasankha za chilengedwe. Amatha kukhala m'madzi ozizira ndi otentha, komanso m'mapanga amdima momwe kuwala sikumalowa.

Mitundu ina imakhala m'madzi opanda mchere, koma sagwiritsidwa ntchito pa zosowa za anthu. Masiponji ochokera ku Mediterranean, Aegean ndi Nyanja Yofiira analandira bwino kwambiri.

5. Ma dolphin amatsuka matumbo awo ndi chithandizo chawo

Asayansi akhala atcheru khutu ku mfundo imeneyi ma dolphin ena amasaka ndi masiponji pamphuno. Owonawo anali otsimikiza kuti akuchita izi kuti atetezedwe. Zoonadi, pofunafuna chakudya, ma dolphin amatha kudzivulaza.

Koma kenako anayamba kuzindikira kuti zakudya za dolphin zomwe zimasaka motere, ndi ma dolphin omwe sagwiritsa ntchito chinyengo ichi, ndizosiyana kwambiri. Oyamba amadya chakudya chothandiza kwambiri kwa iwo, kusaka pafupi ndi gombe ndipo osawopa kuvulazidwa. Mwanjira imeneyi, masiponji amakhudza dongosolo la m'mimba la nyama zoyamwitsa.

4. Anthu ankasiya kutuluka magazi

Masiponji ankagwiritsidwa ntchito pa zolinga zosiyanasiyana. Thinnest ndi zofewa zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga opaleshoni kuti asiye kutuluka magazi kuyambira nthawi zakale.. Euspongia anasankhidwa kuti achite izi. Siponji imeneyi imatchedwanso Chimbudzi. Ngakhale m’nthaŵi zakale, ankagwiritsidwa ntchito pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana zaukhondo. Chifukwa chakuti zamoyozi nthawi zambiri zinkasaka, lero chiwerengero chake chachepetsedwa kwambiri.

Koma masiponji ena ambiri amakhalabe ndi mankhwala, chifukwa cha mankhwala opindulitsa achilengedwe. Masiponji a m'madzi ndi omwe ali olemera kwambiri pazamoyo zonse zam'madzi.

3. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati nsalu zochapira

Masiku ano, nsalu zochapira siponji sizitchukanso, koma zimapangidwabe. Nthawi zambiri, amagulidwa ndi omwe amatsutsana ndi zinthu zopangira kapena omwe amasamalira khungu lawo ndi zinthu zachilengedwe.

Pazifukwa izi, tengani siponji yachilengedwe yaku Mediterranean kapena Caribbean. Masiponji ofewa kwambiri komanso obowola kwambiri amapezeka m’nyanjazi. Nsalu zochapira zoterezi zinkadziwika kuti ndizofatsa komanso zosalimba, zimatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito tsiku lililonse. Musanagwiritse ntchito, kutsanulira siponji ndi madzi ofunda. Idzatupa ndikukhala ndi makhalidwe onse oyenera kuchapa.

2. Iwo anapanga mankhwala a khansa

Zopindulitsa za siponji zam'nyanja zakhala zikudziwika kuyambira kale, kotero asayansi adaganiza zopita patsogolo ndikupanga chithandizo cha matenda osagonjetseka kuchokera kwa iwo. Asayansi ochokera ku America ndi Japan adatha kupanga mamolekyu kuchokera ku mitundu ina ya siponji ndikupanga mankhwala amphamvu kwambiri kuchokera kwa iwo, angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuchepetsa ndi kuthetsa matenda aakulu, kuphatikizapo khansa....

Kalelo mu 1980, ogwira ntchito ku labotale adazindikira molekyulu inayake yomwe ingakhudze zotupa zowopsa. Izi zidapezeka pogwiritsa ntchito maphunziro a labotale pa mbewa.

Pofika 1990, asayansi aku Japan adakwanitsa kupanga machiritso a khansa, adapatsidwa dzina - Eisai. Linavomerezedwa ndi akuluakulu onse akuluakulu ndipo tsopano akuchiza khansa ya m'mawere mwakhama. Njira yophunzirira ndi kupanga mankhwala siinayime, tsopano ntchito yogwira ntchito ikuchitika pamankhwala atsopano omwe angathandize pa chemotherapy komanso pochiza mtundu wosowa wa khansa ya ziwiya zosiyanasiyana.

1. Atha kukhala zaka mazana awiri

Mitundu ina ya masiponji imatha kukhala zaka mazana awiri.. Anthu azaka XNUMX oterowo amakhala pansi pa nyanja yakuya. Chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu zomwe zingafupikitse miyoyo yawo ndi ma dolphin omwe amawadya. Nyama zoyamwitsa izi regale pa iwo osati kwambiri machulukitsidwe, koma mtundu wina wa kupewa.

Kutalika kwa moyo wa cholengedwa chodabwitsa ngati siponji kungafotokozedwe ndi kuphweka kwa chamoyo chawo. Ngati palibe machitidwe ovuta, ndiye kuti palibe chomwe chingaswe. Asayansi ambiri amakhulupirira kuti masiponji ndi amene adzatha, ndipo mwina anakwanitsapo kupulumuka pamene zamoyo zambiri zatha.