Zonse zokhudza giraffes: malo okhala, khalidwe, physiology, maonekedwe a mitundu ndi mfundo zosangalatsa

Giraffe ndi nyama yachiwiri yayitali (pambuyo pa njovu) ya ku Africa yokhala ndi mtundu wapadera komanso mawonekedwe apadera a mawanga, omwe amatha kuchita popanda madzi nthawi yayitali kuposa ngamila. Agiraffe amakhala makamaka m'masavannah, ma steppes otseguka okhala ndi mitengo ndi zitsamba zochepa, masamba ndi nthambi zomwe zimadyedwa.

Giraffe ndi zolengedwa zamtendere kwambiri zomwe zimakhala m'magulu ang'onoang'ono a anthu osapitirira 12-15. Aliyense wokongola amawanga amakonda anthu ena a gulu lake ndipo amalemekeza mtsogoleri, ndichifukwa chake nyama pafupifupi nthawi zonse amatha kupewa mikangano iliyonse ndi mikangano.

Ngati ndewu ili yosapeŵeka, giraffes amakonzekera mipikisano yopanda magazi, pamene omenyanawo amayandikirana ndi kumenyana ndi makosi. Kumenyana koteroko (makamaka pakati pa amuna) sikupitirira mphindi 15, pambuyo pake ogonjetsedwa amabwerera ndikupitiriza kukhala m'gulu la ziweto monga membala wamba. Amuna ndi aakazi amatetezanso ana a ziweto zawo mopanda dyera, makamaka makolo, amene mosaganizira kwambiri wokonzeka kulumpha gulu la afisi kapena mikangongati akuwopseza miyoyo ya makanda.

M’chilengedwe, nyama yokhayo yoopsa kwa giraffe ndi mkango, ndipo wachibale wokha ndi okapi, popeza kuti giraffes ena onse amaonedwa kuti zatha.

Kupadera kwa khalidwe ndi physiology ya giraffes

Pa nyama zonse zoyamwitsa, giraffe ndi mwini wa lilime lalitali kwambiri (masentimita 50), lomwe limathandiza kuyamwa mpaka 35 kg ya chakudya cha zomera tsiku lililonse. Ndi lilime lakuda kapena lofiirira, nyamayo imathanso kuyeretsa makutu ake.

Agiraffe ali ndi maso akuthwa kwambiri, ndipo kukula kwawo kwakukulu kumawathandiza kuzindikira zoopsa patali kwambiri. Nyama ina ya mu Afirika ndi yapadera pa zimenezi ali ndi moyo waukulu (mpaka 60 cm kutalika ndi kulemera kwa 11 kg) pakati pa zinyama zonse ndi kuthamanga kwambiri kwa magazi. Mbalame imasiyana ndi nyama zina kukula kwake, chifukwa kutalika kwa miyendo ya munthu wamkulu ndi mamita 6-8, zomwe zimalola kuti zifike pa liwiro la 60 km / h.

Ana a giraffe sakhalanso apadera - patatha ola limodzi atabadwa, ana ali kale olimba pamapazi awo. Pobadwa, msinkhu wa mwana wakhanda ndi pafupifupi 1,5 m, ndipo kulemera kwake kumakhala pafupifupi 100 kg. Pakatha masiku 7-10 kuchokera kubadwa, mwanayo amayamba kupanga nyanga zazing'ono zomwe poyamba zinkavutika maganizo. Amayi amayang'ana akazi ena omwe ali ndi ana obadwa pafupi, kenako amakonza mtundu wa sukulu ya ana awo. Panthawi imeneyi, ana ali pangozi, chifukwa kholo lililonse limadalira kusamala kwa akazi anzawo, ndipo nthawi zambiri ana amadya nyama zolusa. Pachifukwachi, gawo limodzi mwa magawo anayi okha la ana amakhala ndi moyo mpaka chaka chimodzi.

Agiraffe nthawi zina amangogona atagona - nthawi zambiri nyamazo zimakhala zowongoka, zimayika mitu yawo pakati pa nthambi za mitengo, zomwe pafupifupi zimachotseratu kuthekera kwa kugwa, ndi kugona kuyimirira.

Zofuna kudziwa zokhudza giraffes

1. Nyama imeneyi ndi pacer. Miyendo yakutsogolo ya giraffe ndi yayitali kwambiri kuposa yammbuyo, motero nyamayo imayenda ndi amble, ndiko kuti, imabweretsa miyendo yakutsogolo kutsogolo, kenako yakumbuyo. Potero Kuthamanga kwa nyama kumawoneka kwachilendo komanso kovutirapo, popeza miyendo yakutsogolo ndi yakumbuyo imadutsa nthawi zonse, pomwe liwiro la giraffe limafika 50 km / h. Komanso, pothamanga mofulumira, mutu ndi khosi la nyamayo limagwedezeka ndipo mchira nthawi zambiri umalendewera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti gallop ikhale yopusa komanso yoseketsa.
2. Dzina loyamba la mwamuna wokongola wamawangayo linali “camelopardalis” (kuchokera ku mawu akuti “ngamila” (ngamila) ndi “pardis” (nyalugwe)), popeza anakumbutsa Azungu za ngamila m’mayendedwe ake, ndi kambuku m’maanga ake. mtundu. Mu 46 BC. e. Julius Caesar anabweretsa giraffe yoyamba ku Ulaya, ndipo kale masiku ano (1827), Aarabu ananyamula nyama yotchedwa Zarafa ("wanzeru"), chifukwa cha dzina lamakono "giraffe".
3. Mtundu wa woimira aliyense ndi wapadera, wosasunthika ndipo ukhoza kufananizidwa ndi zala za anthu.
4. Pali giraffes za nyanga zisanu. Pamwamba pa nyama iliyonse pali nyanga zazifupi zosaoneka bwino, mwa anthu ena nyanga yachitatu imawonekeranso pamphumi. Komanso, kumbuyo kwa mutu wa nyamazi pali mitsempha yambiri ndi minofu ya khosi, yomwe imatha kukula kwambiri moti imapanga nyanga ziwiri zowonjezera.
5. Amawanga kukongola ndi zosasangalatsa fungo lamphamvu kuti kuwateteza ku tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, ndi kuchuluka kwa maantibayotiki ali pakhungu kuteteza maonekedwe a abscesses ndi kufalikira kwa mabakiteriya zoipa.
6. Zinyama zomwe zikufunsidwa akhoza kukhala nthawi yaitali popanda madzi kuposa ngamila chifukwa cha physiology yapadera ndi chakudya chowutsa mudyo.
7. M'magulu a infrasonic, giraffes amatha kulankhulana mwakachetechete ndi mamembala amtundu wawo. Ofufuzawo adatha kujambula mawu opangidwa ndi giraffes ndi ma frequency pansi pa 20 hertz, ndipo m'malo owopsa amathanso kulira ndi kubangula mokweza.
8. Ubweya wa mchira wa nyama ndi woonda pafupifupi kakhumi kuposa tsitsi la munthu.
9. Akazi okongola a ku Africa amabereka ataima. Mwana wakhanda amauluka pafupifupi mamita awiri pansi ndipo savulala konse akagwa. Mwana atangobadwa, mawanga pamutu, pansi pa chichereŵechereŵe chobisala, amatha kudziwa kuti ndi ndani.
10. Mlandu wina unalembedwa pamene, pamene mkango unalumphira pa giraffe, mkango unaphonya ndipo unamenyedwa mwamphamvu pachifuwa. Wogwira ntchito yoteteza zachilengedwe anakakamizika kuwombera nyama yachibodayo, yomwe chifuwa chake chinaphwanyidwa.
11. Kwa nthawi yaitali anthu akhala akuchita kusaka ndi kupha nyama mopanda malire kuti apeze nyama yokoma. Kuphatikiza apo, ma tendon amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zingwe, zingwe za mauta ndi zida zoimbira za zingwe, zibangili zoyambirira ndi ulusi zidapangidwa kuchokera ku ngayaye mchira, ndipo khungu limagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chinthu chachikulu chopangira zishango zolimba, zikwapu ndi ng'oma. Tsopano m'chilengedwe, zolengedwa zodabwitsazi zimapezeka m'malo osungirako zachilengedwe komanso malo osungirako zachilengedwe. Mbalame ndi imodzi mwa nyama zochepa zomwe zimadya kumva bwino mu ukapolo ndi kubereka ana nthawi zonse.
12. Koposa zonse, nyama zimakhala pachiwopsezo pa dzenje lothirira madzi, zikamapindika movutikira ndipo sizikhala ndi nthawi yothawira zikamenyedwa.

Ena "giraffes"

1. Gulu la nyenyezi la Giraffe (lochokera ku Latin "Camelopardalis") ndi gulu la nyenyezi lozungulira lomwe ndi bwino kuyang'ana pa gawo la mayiko a CIS kuyambira Novembala mpaka Januware.
2. Piyano ya Giraffe (yochokera ku German "Giraffenklavier") ndi imodzi mwa mitundu ya piyano yoyima chiyambi cha XIX atumwi, kupeza dzina lake chifukwa silhouette, amatikumbutsa nyama dzina lomwelo.

Nyamalikiti ndi nyama yanzeru modabwitsa ndipo ili ndi zizolowezi zapadera zomwe zimatengera iye yekha. Mtendere, kufatsa ndi maonekedwe oseketsa a nyamazi sizidzasiya munthu aliyense wopanda chidwi.