Chithovu chochokera mkamwa mwa galu - zimayambitsa ndi choti muchite?

Zomwe zimayambitsa thovu mkamwa mwa galu

Zifukwa za chodabwitsa ichi akhoza zonse physiologically yachibadwa ndi pathological, ndiko, khalidwe la matenda ndi kuopseza thupi galu.

Physiologically bwinobwino

• Njala yayikulu, yayitali. Chifukwa chakusowa kwa chakudya kwa nthawi yayitali, kuchuluka kwa madzi am'mimba kumatulutsidwa m'mimba mwa nyama - izi zitha kuyambitsa kutuluka kwa zinthu zam'mimba ndikulavula thovu.

• Kudya mwachangu zakudya zazikulu pambuyo posala kudya kwanthawi yayitali.

• Nsalu za ubweya kapena udzu, yomwe, ikasonkhanitsidwa, imachotsedwa ndi katulutsidwe wochuluka wa madzi am'mimba. Zomwe zili munkhaniyi zidzatengera mtundu wa kuipitsa - wobiriwira, bulauni kapena wakuda.

• Kudya zinthu zenizeni ndi kukoma kwamphamvu kokwiyitsa - kowawa, kowawasa, kowawa. Nthawi zambiri choterechi chimawonedwa ngati kuyankha kumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

• Kuwonekera kwa zokopa zakunja, kubweretsa chiweto kukhala chodetsa nkhawa, kumathandizira kutulutsa malovu, omwe, pokhudzana ndi mpweya, amakhala thovu.

• Tinthu tating'ono tachilendo mkamwa, amene thupi la nyamayo limayesa kuchotsa kudzera m'malovu ochuluka.

• Mseru ndizotheka m'matumbo apakati (makamaka mitundu yochepa) m'mawa.

Akadwala

• Matenda oyambitsa matenda - chiwewe, canine distemper, matenda Aujeszky, tracheobronchitis. Mikhalidwe yonseyi imafuna kuloŵererapo mwamsanga kwa dokotala wa zinyama ndipo ndi yowopsa kwa nyama ndi munthu. Ngati khalidwe la chiweto chanu chasintha m'kanthawi kochepa, pakamwa pake pamakhala thovu ndipo pali mantha a madzi kapena kuwala, patulani nyamayo kwa inu nokha ndipo nthawi yomweyo muitane wothandizira Chowona Zanyama.

• Oncology. Neoplasm mu lumen ya mmero, pharynx, kapena patsekeke pakamwa ingayambitsenso zofanana. Chithovu chikhoza kuipitsidwa ndi magazi.

• Kuvulala ndi kutupa m'kamwa. Pakakhala kuvulala kwa mucosa wamkamwa ndi zinthu zakuthwa zamakina - tchipisi, mafupa, zotupa - malovu ambiri amayamba kupangidwa kuti ateteze ku mabakiteriya owopsa. Kutupa m`kamwa, mano, kukhalapo kwa tartar kungathandizenso kuti salivation yogwira. Malovu pankhaniyi nthawi zambiri amakhumudwitsa.

• Matenda a chiwindi ndi impso. Chithovu chachikasu kapena mdima wobiriwira kuchokera mkamwa mwa galu chikhoza kumasulidwa ngati chiwindi kapena matenda a impso, monga chiwonetsero cha kuledzera ndi nseru.

• Pathologies wa mtima dongosolo. Kutuluka thovu kuchokera m'kamwa pambuyo pa chisangalalo kapena kuwonjezereka kwa thupi kungasonyeze matenda a mtima wamtima ndi incipient pulmonary edema. Izi zimafuna chithandizo chamankhwala mwachangu.

• Poizoni ndi neuroogenic (kuchita pa mitsempha maselo) poizoni ndi khunyu khunyu. Ngati galu ali ndi thovu lambiri komanso kukomoka kuchokera mkamwa, izi zitha kuwonetsa poyizoni m'thupi ndi zinthu zapoizoni, kuphatikiza mankhwala okonzekera motsutsana ndi majeremusi akunja ndi mkati. Mkhalidwewu umafunikanso kuchitapo kanthu mwadzidzidzi. Khunyu imatha kutsagana ndi kutuluka kwa thovu kapena malovu ochuluka kuchokera mkamwa.

• Pachimake thupi lawo siligwirizana. Muzochitika ndi chifuwa chachikulu, kuwonjezera pa zomwe zikuchitika mu mawonekedwe a kutupa kwa lymph nodes, kusanza, kutsegula m'mimba kapena kuyabwa, kusanza kungachitike. Pankhaniyi, galu mwachangu exudes woyera thovu ndi malovu mkamwa.

Zizindikiro zowonjezera

Chifukwa chake, kutuluka kwa chithovu chochuluka kumatha kutsagana ndi:

• kugwedezeka;

• kusowa chilakolako;

• kusanza;

• kutuluka kwa magazi kuchokera m'kamwa;

• fungo loipa lochokera mkamwa.

Chithandizo choyambira

Chinthu choyamba ndikumvetsetsa ngati pamenepa pali ngozi mwachindunji kwa anthu. Palibe chifukwa chomwe mungayandikire galu yemwe wachita thovu pakamwa ngati nyamayi ilibe nyumba kapena alibe katemera wa chiwewe. Ndi bwino nthawi yomweyo funsani boma Chowona Zanyama bungwe. Agalu otere amawaika kwaokha, kutsatiridwa ndi akatswiri pofuna kupewa kupatsira nyama zina ndi anthu matenda oopsa. Kuwongolera matenda oopsa - chiwewe.

Ngati galu wokhudzidwayo adalandira katemera wa chiwewe ndipo palibe mbiri (mbiri yolembedwa molingana ndi mwiniwake) ya kulumidwa ndi nyama zakutchire, chiwetocho chikhoza kupatsidwa chithandizo choyamba, chifukwa pankhaniyi palibe chomwe chimawopseza thanzi la munthu. Iyenera kuyikidwa pambali pake pamtunda wathyathyathya, wokutidwa ndi bulangeti kapena bulangeti. Nthawi zonse musamapendeke mutu wanu kumbuyo kuti musapume zomwe zili m'kamwa mwa kupuma.

Ndi dokotala yekha amene angathandize galu pakuukira, choncho ayenera kutengedwa kupita kuchipatala mwamsanga. Kwa katswiri, ndikofunikira kujambula kanema wazomwe zikuchitika.

Sikoyenera kukonza kapena kugwira chiweto pakuukira - pa nthawi ya kugwedezeka, sichimalamulira thupi lake, nthawi zambiri sichizindikira zomwe zikuchitika mozungulira, sangazindikire mwiniwakeyo ndikuvulaza munthu mosadziwa.

Ngati chiweto chikudziwa, kutha kwake kumatha kuchotsedwa ndi nsalu yofewa kuti zisanyowetse malaya komanso kuchepa kwa kutentha kwa thupi.

Kuchipatala, ndikofunikira kuyezetsa kwathunthu kuti mupeze matenda olondola ndikupatseni chithandizo.

Ana agalu akutuluka thovu mkamwa

Chithovu chikutuluka mkamwa mwa mwanayo, chingakhale chifukwa chiyani?

Matendawa mu mwana wagalu amatha chifukwa cha zifukwa zomwezo monga agalu akuluakulu: nthawi yayitali yanjala, poizoni, neoplasms, khunyu, komanso poyizoni ndi poizoni wa neuroogenic. Kusiyanaku ndi kuchuluka kwa chitukuko cha pathological njira mu thupi la nyama. Izi zikutanthauza kuti muyenera kupita kwa dokotala mwamsanga.

Mwanayo angafunikenso chotenthetsera chokhala ndi madzi ofunda pomunyamulira – zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kuti thupi la mwanayo likhalebe lotentha. Pankhani ya malaise, kutsika kwamphamvu, kuchuluka kwa shuga - nthawi yomweyo imagwa.

Diagnostics

1. Kuwerengera kwathunthu kwa magazi - kufufuza kwakukulu komwe kumasonyeza kukhalapo ndi chikhalidwe cha kutupa, zizindikiro za kuikidwa magazi kapena kulowetsedwa mwadzidzidzi (resuscitation) mankhwala.

2. chemistry ya magazi. Kusanthula uku ndikoyenera pamimba yopanda kanthu - maola 6-8 anjala - ndikuwonetsa mawonekedwe a ziwalo - chiwindi, impso, mtima, zikuwonetsa zochitika zadzidzidzi za nyama zomwe zimafunikira kulowererapo mwachangu.

3. Kuwunika kwa ultrasound pamimba ndi mtima - kuwongolera kusintha kwa mawonekedwe a ziwalo za galu.

4. Kusanthula kwa electrolyte - chizindikiro ichi chikuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa mchere wa magazi, zomwe zimapangitsa kusankha njira za saline kwa dropper.

5. Laryngo-, esophago-, gastroscopy - zowonera mucous nembanemba chapamwamba m`mimba thirakiti - endoscopic kufufuza.

6. Kusankhidwa kwa biopsy ya ziwalo zosinthidwa - histology yowonjezereka ndi cytology (kusanthula maselo) azinthu - kukhazikitsidwa kwa mtundu wa chotupa kapena njira yotupa.

7. X-ray ya chigaza, kumtunda ndi m'munsi nsagwada za nyama - ngati pali kufunika kwa m'zigawo za dzino - kutsimikiza za chikhalidwe cha dzino, kusiyanitsa anasintha mano ndi wathanzi.

8. PCR, ELISA, ICA maphunziro a zinyama za matenda opatsirana ndi mavairasi - canine distemper, matenda adenovirus ndi ena.

9. CT, MRI kuyezetsa mutu, khosi, chifuwa cha nyama, ngati n`koyenera, mu ulamuliro wa zofewa mapangidwe minofu yomwe imayambitsa pathological kusintha.

chithandizo

1. Kwa galu yemwe ali ndi zotupa ndi kulumidwa ndi nyama zakuthengo, osalandira katemera wa chiwewe, akulimbikitsidwa kuti azikhala kwaokha kumalo osungirako zinyama, kuyang'anira mkhalidwewo ndi kusunga chitetezo kwa madokotala ozungulira, eni ake, ndi nyama zina.

2. Chithovu pakamwa galu ndi zokokomoka zingasonyeze poyizoni, khunyu, neuroogenic tizilombo matenda. Pankhaniyi, akulimbikitsidwa:

   • kuyambitsa nyama mu tulo mankhwala;

   • kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala zotheka (mankhwala);

   • kugwiritsa ntchito anticonvulsants kapena antiepileptic mankhwala;

   • chithandizo chamankhwala monga antiemetics, painkillers, decongestants, kuyambitsa njira za saline, etc.;

   • kukhazikika kwa vutoli m'chipatala moyang'aniridwa ndi madokotala. Odwala oterowo amafunikira kuyang'aniridwa kwapamwamba kosalekeza: kuwongolera kuthamanga, kugwira ntchito kwaubongo, kuchuluka kwa shuga, mkhalidwe wamatumbo am'mimba ndi thoracic.

3. Pa matenda a mtima dongosolo, muyenera:

   • diuretic therapy, yomwe imachepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi m'mitsempha ndipo, motero, kutulutsa (kuchuluka) kwamadzimadzi m'mapapo.

   • mankhwala okosijeni - nyama yokhala ndi edema ya m'mapapo imakumana ndi kusowa koopsa kwa okosijeni, komwe kumakhudza magwiridwe antchito a chamoyo chonse. Madokotala adzathetsa vutoli.

   • galu amafunikira chipatala cha usana ndi usiku ndikuwunika: x-ray ndi ultrasound pachifuwa mu mphamvu, kuwongolera kutentha, kusankha kwa mlingo wa mankhwala okodzetsa.

4. Ndi njala yayitali mwa ana agalu amitundu yaying'ono, ndikofunikira:

   • kuyambitsa mankhwala a antiemetic (ngati kuli kofunikira);

   • kudyetsa - amayamba kupereka chakudya m'magawo ang'onoang'ono, pang'onopang'ono amawawonjezera kuti azikhala okhazikika pamene chikhalidwe cha nyama chikukhazikika.

5. Neoplasms, kuvulala komwe kumafunikira kuchitidwa opaleshoni, kutupa kwa mano, m'kamwa kumafunika:

   • opaleshoni excision maphunziro;

   • kuchotsa anakhudzidwa mano ndi wotsatira mankhwala a chilonda cavities;

   • mankhwala antibacterial ndi antiseptic mankhwala, amene amachepetsa mlingo wa pathological (kusokonezeka) microflora. Chifukwa chake, kutupa ndikukulolani kuti musankhe cytology yodziwitsa zambiri kapena histology ya minyewa yomwe yakhudzidwa;

   • chemotherapy (makamaka atalandira zotsatira za histology, amasankhidwa malinga ndi mtundu wa chotupa chomwe chinakhudza galu).

6. Matendawa amakonzedwa ndi antihistamine (motsutsa ziwengo) mankhwala, mahomoni a steroid (malingana ndi kuopsa kwake ndi kuopsa kwake).

Kupewa zifukwa

• Katemera wapanthawi yake wapamwamba amapulumutsa nyama ku matenda obwera chifukwa cha ma virus, kuphatikiza chiwewe.

• Kuwunika kwanthawi ndi nthawi kwa nyamayo ndi akatswiri ndikuwunika momwe zilili kumapangitsa kuti athe kuzindikira matendawa atangoyamba kumene - motero, zimakhala zosavuta kuti chiweto chithandizire.

• Kuyeretsa kwapachaka ndi ultrasound ndi kupukuta kwa mano, chithandizo ndi gel osakaniza, zopopera, kugwiritsa ntchito zowonjezera zowonjezera m'madzi zimakulolani kuti mukhale ndi thanzi la mano ndi zofewa zam'kamwa.

• Kusowa kwa mafupa, zoseweretsa lakuthwa ndi zinthu zina mu zakudya amapulumutsa galu kuvulala ndi perforation (yopuma) ya zofewa zimakhala za mkamwa, pharynx, kum'mero.

• Chisamaliro chapamwamba cha nyama pakuyenda, kusamalira malo oyendamo kumathandiza kuti galu asadye mankhwala oopsa, zinthu ndi zothetsera.

• Kukambirana ndi katswiri wazowona zanyama kumakupatsani mwayi wodziwa zambiri pakusamalira nyama yaying'ono, yayikulu komanso yokalamba, kuyang'anira momwe amadyetsera (kuchuluka, kapangidwe ndi kadyedwe). Choncho, n`zotheka kupereka chakudya tsankho, exacerbation wa kutupa kapamba, chiwindi, impso kapena njala kusanza, nseru.

Chidule

1. Kutha kwa thovu kuchokera mkamwa mwa galu, ponseponse pamene akugwedezeka komanso popanda, kumafuna kufufuza kwa dokotala, matenda ndi kuchipatala.

2. Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa zimatha kukhala zathupi (njala yayitali, kukhumudwa, kukonzekera kowawa, etc.), komanso matenda (poizoni, ma virus, neoplasms m'kamwa, ngakhale stomatitis).

3. Kuzindikira ndikofunikira kwambiri ndipo kumakhala ndi maphunziro osiyanasiyana: kuyezetsa magazi, x-ray, CT kapena MRI, maphunziro a ultrasound, histology ndi ena. Zimasankhidwa malinga ndi zotsatira za kufufuza kwa nyama.

4. Kuchiza kumaphatikizapo kusankha koyenera kwa mankhwala ndi mankhwala, poganizira zomwe zakhazikitsidwa, ndipo zingaphatikizepo: opaleshoni, mankhwala, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, komanso antihistamines.

5. Kupewa kwa matendawa kumaphatikizapo katemera, kusankha mosamala kadyedwe, kuyang'anira poyenda, kuyezetsa magazi ndi mayeso.

Mayankho a mafunso omwe amafunsidwa nthawi zambiri

Januware 31 2022

Zasinthidwa: Januwale 31, 2022