Malo a White Crane

Mitundu yambiri ya zinyama ndi zomera zaikidwa kale mu Red Book. Izi zikutanthauza kuti zamoyo zina zili pangozi. Ma Cranes a ku Siberia, ochuluka a cranes omwe amapezeka ku Russia kokha, tsopano afika pafupi ndi malire owopsa.

Kodi mukudziwa amene kwenikweni tikutanthauza ndi mawu akuti "sterkh"? Crane yaku Siberia ndi imodzi mwazoyimira zazikulu zamitundu ya crane. Koma mpaka pano sizikudziwika zambiri za mtundu uwu.

Tiyeni tiwone bwinobwino. Choyamba, chidwi chimakopeka ndi maonekedwe a mbalame. Crane ya ku Siberia ndi yayikulu kuposa ma cranes ena, m'malo ena amafika kutalika kwa 1,5 metres, ndipo kulemera kwake kuli mkati mwa makg asanu mpaka asanu ndi atatu. Kutalika kwa mapiko ndi 200-230 centimita, kutengera anthu omwe. Kuuluka mtunda wautali sikofanana ndi zamtunduwu; sakonda kuchoka m’gawo lawo, kumene amakhala ndi chisa ndi banja.

Mudzazindikira mbalameyi ndi mlomo wake wautali wofiira, womwe uli ndi nsonga zakuthwa kunsonga, zomwe zimathandiza kuti idye. Komanso, Crane ya ku Siberia imasiyanitsidwa ndi kukhalapo kwa mthunzi wofiira wa khungu kuzungulira maso ndi pafupi ndi mlomo, koma palibe nthenga. Ndicho chifukwa chake crane imawonekera patali. Ponena za mtundu ndi zina, ndikufuna kuwonjezera miyendo yayitali yapinki, mizere iwiri ya nthenga pathupi, ndi mawanga amdima alalanje omwe angakhale pathupi ndi khosi la cranes zamtunduwu pamndandanda.

M'ma Cranes akuluakulu a ku Siberia, maso nthawi zambiri amakhala achikasu, pamene anapiye amabadwa ndi maso a buluu, omwe amasintha mtundu pokhapokha theka la chaka. Kutalika kwa moyo wa zamoyozi ndi zaka makumi awiri, ndipo palibe ma subspecies omwe amapangidwa. Mutu wa Cranes wa ku Siberia umasiyanitsidwa ndi kusasunthika kwa dera ndipo amakhala m'gawo la Russia, osasiya.

Masiku ano, tsoka, ma cranes aku West Siberia atsala pang'ono kutha, pali 20 okha. Uwu ndi udindo wa International Cranes Conservation Fund, yomwe idawonekera kalekale - mu 1973, ndipo ikuyitanidwa kuti iwonetsetse vutoli.

Monga talembera kale, crane yoyera imakonzekeretsa chisa chake ku Russia kokha, koma kukangozizira komanso chisanu chikuyamba, amakhamukira kufunafuna mvula yotentha. Nthawi zambiri, Siberia Cranes yozizira pafupi ndi gombe la Nyanja ya Caspian, kapena m'madambo Indian, ndipo nthawi zina kumpoto ku Iran. Cranes amaopa anthu, ndipo izi ndi zomveka, chifukwa opha nyama amapezeka paliponse.

Koma masika akangofika, ndikuwotha, ma Cranes aku Siberia amabwerera kumalo awo okhala. Madera enieni omwe amakhala ndi Komi Republic, kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa Yakutia ndi Arkhangelsk. Chodabwitsa n'chakuti ndizovuta kuziwona m'madera ena.

Malo omwe amakonda kwambiri Cranes aku Siberia ndi madambo ndi madambo, makamaka tundra ndi nkhalango. Mwinamwake muli ndi chidwi ndi zomwe ma cranes oyera amagwiritsa ntchito polemba. Zakudya zawo ndi zosiyanasiyana, ndipo zimakhala ndi zomera ndi nyama: kuwonjezera pa mabango, zomera za m'madzi ndi mitundu ina ya zipatso, zimadya nsomba, makoswe ndi kafadala popanda chisangalalo. Koma m’nyengo yozizira, pokhala kutali ndi kwawo, amadya zomera zokha.

Panthawi yakusamuka, zolengedwa zazikuluzikuluzi sizikhudza minda ndi minda ya anthu, chifukwa ma Yakuts alibe kanthu kotsutsana ndi mfundo yakuti cranes amasankha madera awo kuti azizizira.

Monga momwe zinadziwikiratu, chifukwa cha chiwopsezo cha kutha kwa anthu ku Yakutia, malo osungirako zachilengedwe adakhazikitsidwa. Ma Cranes ambiri a ku Siberia anapeza malo awo okhala kumeneko, omwe tsopano ali obisika kwa opha nyama ndi masoka achilengedwe.

Anthu ambiri amadziwa kuti kum'mawa ndi kumadzulo Siberia Cranes, kusiyana pakati pawo ndi malo a zisa zawo. Ndizokhumudwitsa kwambiri kuti onse awiri akucheperachepera: palibe oposa 3000 omwe atsala. Kodi nchifukwa ninji chiŵerengero cha ma cranes oyera chikucheperachepera chonchi? Chodabwitsa n'chakuti, chifukwa chachikulu sichinthu chopha nyama, koma chilengedwe ndi nyengo yoipa, kuzizira ndi chisanu.

Madera omwe ma cranes amakhala akusintha, chomwe ndichifukwa chake pakufunika nkhokwe komanso kutuluka kwa mpanda wabwino komanso woyenera wokhala ndi mbalamezi. M'nyengo yozizira, Cranes ambiri a ku Siberia amawulukira ku China, kumene, chifukwa cha chitukuko chaumisiri ndi sayansi, malo oyenerera moyo wa mbalame amatha mofulumira kwambiri. Ponena za madera a Pakistan, Russia ndi Afghanistan, opha nyama amawopseza ma cranes kumeneko.

Ntchito yosunga kuchuluka kwa ma cranes oyera ndi yofunika kwambiri masiku ano. Izi zidaganiziridwa pakukhazikitsidwa kwa Msonkhano Woteteza Zinyama Zomwe Zimasamukira Kumadera Ena. Asayansi ambiri ochokera m’mayiko amene mbalame za Siberian Cranes zimakhala zimakumana zaka ziwiri zilizonse kumsonkhano ndi kukambirana njira zatsopano zotetezera ndi kuteteza mbalame zomwe zatsala pang’ono kutha.

Poganizira mfundo zonsezi zachisoni, ntchito "Sterkh" inalengedwa ndipo ikugwira ntchito, ndipo ntchito yake yaikulu ndi kusunga ndi kuchulukitsa osowa, mitundu yokongola ya cranes, normalizing luso lawo kubereka mtundu wawo ndi kuonjezera chiwerengero cha anthu.

Pomaliza, pa chilichonse chomwe tikudziwa, ndikufunanso kuzindikira kuti zenizeni ndi izi: pali mwayi waukulu kuti Cranes wa ku Siberia atha posachedwapa. Chifukwa chake, izi, mwa kulondola, ndivuto lapadziko lonse lapansi. Cranes amatetezedwa mwanjira iliyonse ndipo amayesetsa kusunga manambala awo, ndikuwonjezera pang'onopang'ono.