otocinclus affinis

Otocinclus affinis, dzina la sayansi Macrotocinclus affinis, ndi wa banja Loricariidae (Mail Catfish). Nsomba zamtendere zamtendere, zomwe sizingadziwike ndi mitundu ina yogwira ntchito. Kuphatikiza apo, ili ndi mtundu wa nondescript. Ngakhale izi, ndizofala mu malonda a aquarium chifukwa cha chinthu chimodzi. Chakudya chochokera ku zomera chokha cha ndere chapangitsa kuti nsombazi zikhale zothandiza kwambiri poletsa ndere. Zolinga izi zimagulidwa.

Habitat

Amachokera ku South America kuchokera kudera lapafupi ndi Rio de Janeiro (Brazil). Amakhala m'mitsinje ing'onoing'ono ya mitsinje ikuluikulu, m'nyanja yamadzi. Imakonda madera omwe ali ndi zomera zowirira za m'madzi kapena zomera za herbaceous zomwe zimamera m'mphepete mwa nyanja.

Zambiri mwachidule:

• Kuchuluka kwa aquarium - kuchokera ku 40 malita.
• Kutentha - 20-26 ° C
• Mtengo pH - 6.0-8.0
• Kuuma kwa madzi - kufewa mpaka pakati (5-19 dGH)
• Mtundu wa substrate - iliyonse
• Kuunikira - modekha
• Madzi amchere - ayi
• Kuyenda kwamadzi ndikofooka
• Kukula kwa nsomba kumafika 5 cm.
• Chakudya - zakudya zamasamba zokha
• Kutentha - mwamtendere
• Zokhutira zokha kapena pagulu
• Chiyembekezo cha moyo pafupifupi zaka 5

Kufotokozera

Anthu akuluakulu amafika kutalika kwa 5 cm. Sexual dimorphism imawonetsedwa mofooka. Nkovuta kusiyanitsa mwamuna ndi mkazi, wotsirizirayo amawoneka wokulirapo. Kunja, amafanana ndi wachibale wawo wapamtima Otocinclus Broadband ndipo nthawi zambiri amagulitsidwa pansi pa dzina lomwelo.

Mtunduwu ndi wakuda ndi mimba yoyera. Mzere wopapatiza wopingasa umayenda mozungulira thupi kuchokera kumutu kukafika kumchira wa mtundu wagolide. Chodziwika bwino ndi kapangidwe ka mkamwa, komwe kamapangidwira kukwapula ndere. Imafanana ndi sucker, yomwe nsomba zam'madzi zimatha kuziyika pamwamba pa masamba.

Food

Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, algae amapanga maziko a zakudya. Nsomba zokhazikika zimatha kulandira zakudya zamasamba zouma, monga spirulina flakes. Komabe, kukula kwa algae kuyenera kutsimikizidwabe mu aquarium, apo ayi pali chiwopsezo chachikulu chakuti nsombazi zimafa ndi njala. Malo abwino kwambiri pakukula kwawo kudzakhala matabwa achilengedwe a driftwood pansi pa kuyatsa kowala.

Nandolo za blanched, zidutswa za zukini, nkhaka, etc. zimaloledwa ngati chakudya chowonjezera.

Kusamalira ndi kusamalira, makonzedwe a aquarium

Otocinclus affinis ndi yosafunikira komanso yosavuta kusunga ngati chakudya chokwanira cha mbewu chilipo. Kukula koyenera kwa aquarium kwa nsomba zingapo kumayambira pa malita 40. Mapangidwewo akuyenera kupereka zomera zambiri, kuphatikizapo zomwe zili ndi masamba akuluakulu, kumene nsomba zam'madzi zimapuma kwa nthawi yaitali. Natural wood driftwood ikulimbikitsidwa, pazifukwa zomwe zanenedwa m'ndime yapitayi. Iwo adzakhala maziko a kukula kwa algae. Masamba a Oak kapena amondi aku India amawonjezeredwa kuti atsanzire mikhalidwe yamadzi yomwe amakhala komwe amakhala. M'kati mwa kuwonongeka, amamasula tannins, kupatsa madzi mthunzi wa tiyi. Amakhulupirira kuti zinthuzi zimakhala ndi phindu pa thanzi la nsomba, kulepheretsa mabakiteriya ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti m'madzi am'madzi okhala ndi maluwa olemera, njira zowunikira zapadera zimafunikira. Pankhani izi, ndikofunikira kutsatira malangizo a akatswiri, kukaonana nawo. Mutha kufewetsa ntchitoyi pogwiritsa ntchito mosses ndi ma ferns odzichepetsa, omwe nthawi zina samawoneka oipitsitsa, koma safuna chisamaliro chochulukirapo.

Kusunga madzi okhazikika ndikofunikira kuti mukhalebe bwino muzachilengedwe za aquarium. Zosefera ndizofunika. Mwachitsanzo, m'matangi ang'onoang'ono okhala ndi nsomba zochepa, zosefera zosavuta za airlift ndi siponji zidzachita. Apo ayi, mudzayenera kugwiritsa ntchito zosefera zakunja. Zomwe zimayikidwa mkati sizikuvomerezeka kuti zikhazikitsidwe, zimapanga kutuluka kwakukulu.

Njira zovomerezeka zokonzetsera m'madzi am'madzi ndikusintha gawo lamadzi sabata iliyonse (15-20% ya voliyumu) ​​ndi madzi abwino komanso kuchotsa zinyalala nthawi zonse.

Khalidwe ndi Kugwirizana

Catfish Otocinclus affinis imatha kukhala yokha komanso m'magulu. Palibe mikangano ya intraspecific yomwe idadziwika. Iwo ndi amtundu wabata. Zimagwirizana ndi nsomba zina zambiri zamtendere za kukula kwake. Zopanda vuto kwa shrimp zam'madzi.

Kuswana / kuswana

Panthawi yolemba, palibe milandu yopambana yobereketsa mitundu iyi m'madzi am'madzi am'madzi yomwe idalembedwa. Amaperekedwa makamaka kuchokera kumafamu ogulitsa nsomba ku Eastern Europe. M’makontinenti a ku America, anthu ogwidwa m’thengo ndi ofala.

Nsomba matenda

Choyambitsa chachikulu cha matenda ambiri ndi kukhala moyo wosayenera komanso zakudya zopanda thanzi. Ngati zizindikiro zoyamba zapezeka, muyenera kuyang'ana magawo a madzi ndi kukhalapo kwa zinthu zoopsa (ammonia, nitrites, nitrate, etc.), ngati n'koyenera, bweretsani zizindikirozo kuti zibwerere mwakale ndipo kenako pitirizani kulandira chithandizo. Werengani zambiri za zizindikiro ndi mankhwala mu gawo la Aquarium Fish Diseases.