Galu ali ndi maso amtambo - chifukwa chiyani komanso momwe angachitire?

Zomwe Zingayambitse Mitambo ya Maso mwa Agalu

M'maso muli zinthu zomwe nthawi zambiri zimayenera kukhala zowonekera - izi ndi cornea, magalasi ndi intraocular fluid. Ngati chimodzi mwazinthu izi chikusintha mtundu wake, pali kuphwanya kukhulupirika kwa minofu kapena pali matupi a pigment mwa iwo, ndiye kuti kuwonekera kwa diso kumasintha, ndipo timatha kuwona mtambo.

Kornea ndi gawo lakunja lowonekera la diso lomwe limatumiza kuwala ku gawo lakumbuyo la diso. Ndi zowonekera chifukwa alibe zotengera, minyewa, inki. Ngati kuvulala kwa cornea kumachitika, kapena ma cell ake amasiya kusintha, kumakhala mitambo, ndipo diso limakhala bluish. Turbidity ikhoza kukhala yapafupi (malo oyera padiso) kapena okwana, pamene diso liri lopanda buluu.

Lens ndi mandala wandiweyani omwe amakhala kumbuyo kwa wophunzirayo. Zimagwiridwa ndi minofu yopyapyala, chifukwa chake, pamene minofu imagwirizanitsa kapena kumasuka, kupindika kwake kumasintha. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, diso limatha kuona zinthu patali. Popeza kuwala kumadutsanso mu lens kupita kuseri kwa diso, nthawi zambiri kumakhala koonekera. Ngati puloteni ya pathological ikuyamba kupanga mkati mwa lens, kukhulupirika kwa kapisozi kumaphwanyidwa, kapena imasintha malo ake ndikuchoka ku minofu, diso limakhala lamtambo.

The intraocular fluid ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pakugwira ntchito bwino kwa diso. Imawongolera kupanikizika kwa intraocular, imadyetsa ziwalo zonse zamkati mwa diso - lens, cornea, trabecular apparatus, vitreous body. Ndi chitukuko cha kutupa, magazi ochuluka, madzi amasintha mtundu wake, maso a galu amakhala mitambo.

Matenda a chiwindi

Keratitis ndi kutupa kwa cornea. Zomwe zimayambitsa zimatha kukhala zoopsa, thupi lachilendo m'maso, matenda a virus, kapena matenda a bakiteriya. Chizindikiro chachikulu cha matendawa mwa agalu ndi kugwa kwa cornea. Zimayamba chifukwa cha edema, ndipo zimachitika mofulumira kwambiri, m'maola ochepa chabe. Keratitis nthawi zambiri imachepetsedwa, ngakhale ndi matenda oopsa omwe angayambitse khungu. Kuphatikiza pa turbidity, diso limakhala lofiira, misozi imatulutsidwa mochuluka, galu amakanda ndikuyigwedeza.

Zilonda ndi kukokoloka kwa cornea

Ngati galu ali ndi diso lakuthwa lamtambo, chifukwa chake ndizovuta kwambiri kukokoloka kwa cornea. Kukokoloka ndi kuvulala kwachiphamaso komwe kumakhudza kokha epithelium yapamwamba. Ndi chilonda, zigawo zakuya za cornea - stroma - zimawonongeka. Kuvulala kungachitike mwangozi—mwachitsanzo, kuseŵera ndi galu wina, kumenyana ndi mphaka—kapena kosapeŵeka—ngati galuyo ali ndi nsidze zachilendo, zikope zolerera, zophuka m’maso, kapena misozi. Kuphatikiza pa turbidity, zizindikiro monga blepharospasm (squinting of diso), lacrimation, redness of conjunctiva ikuwonekera pamalo ovulala. Galu amamva kupweteka kwambiri ndi zilonda zam'mimba, choncho nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi maganizo, chilakolako chake chimachepa. Kuvulala kwa Corneal kumakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi agalu omwe ali ndi maso otupa - Pekingese, pugs, bulldogs. Izi ndichifukwa choti samayang'anitsa kawirikawiri chifukwa cha kapangidwe ka zikope ndi maso.

Uveit

Uveitis ndi kutupa kwa choroid ya diso. Mitsempha yamagazi imakhala mkati mwa diso ngati chingwe, ndipo imapanga mitsempha yokhala ndi magazi. Uveitis ikhoza kuchitika chifukwa cha kuvulala kwakunja - kugunda kwa diso, kupwetekedwa kwa cornea, kapena matenda amkati - mavairasi ndi mabakiteriya, komanso tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi neoplasms. Zizindikiro za uveitis sizimafanana nthawi zonse, zimatengera mbali ziti za diso zomwe zachitika ndi kutupa. Diso likhoza kukhala lofiira, padzakhala lacrimation yambiri. Galu adzawopa kuwala, chifukwa cha edema, cornea idzakhala mitambo. Diso, monga lamulo, limapweteka kwambiri, zomwe zimayambitsa miosis ya mwana. Ichi ndi chikhalidwe chomwe wophunzirayo amalumikizana, amakhala kadontho kakang'ono, ndipo samathanso kufutukuka. Diso limakhala lamtambo osati chifukwa cha edema ya corneal, komanso chifukwa cha turbidity ya intraocular fluid. Ndipo imatha kukhala yamtambo chifukwa cha kutuluka kwa maselo otupa kuchokera ku ziwiya kapena mafinya m'chipinda cham'mbuyo cha diso. Kuthamanga kwa intraocular kumachepetsa, ndipo diso limakhala lochepa kwambiri.

Panophthalmitis

Imakula motsutsana ndi maziko a uveitis apamwamba kapena kusowa kwa chithandizo cha zovulala. Pakuti panophthalmitis yodziwika ndi purulent kutupa zonse nembanemba diso. Kuwonjezera pa zizindikiro zooneka - mtambo, redness, kuwonjezeka kukula, kutulutsa mafinya kapena magazi m'chipinda cham'mbuyo cha diso, galu ali ndi malungo, alibe chilakolako, ndipo ntchito imachepa. M'kupita kwa nthawi, diso limafa ndipo masomphenya amawonongeka. Tsoka ilo, ngakhale chithandizo chogwira ntchito chingalephereke ndipo diso lokhudzidwa limachotsedwa.

Glaucoma

Glaucoma ndi matenda ovuta omwe amabweretsa kuwonjezeka kwa intraocular pressure. Zimapitirira ndi ululu wowawa komanso filimu ya bluish m'maso. Diso limakula kukula ndikutuluka munjira. Maso amtambo wa galu amasonyeza zizindikiro za kupanikizika kwambiri komanso kuti vutoli limafuna chithandizo chamankhwala mwamsanga. Matendawa ndi cholowa kapena ndi vuto la zokhudza zonse matenda monga shuga, matenda oopsa, apamwamba uveitis. Mitundu yomwe ikuyembekezeka kwambiri ndi Beagles, Huskies, Hounds, Spaniels, Dalmatians, Samoyeds ndi Labradors.

Corneal dystrophy

A cholowa matenda amene galu ndi woyera banga pa diso limodzi kapena symmetrically pa onse. M'malo a turbidity mu cornea, njira za metabolic zimasokonekera, ndipo zimafa. Kawirikawiri galu alibe madandaulo ena - akugwira ntchito, palibe kutuluka m'maso ndipo palibe ululu. Komabe, ngati chotupacho chikukulirakulira, cornea imatha kung'ambika.

Cataract

Matendawa amayamba chifukwa cha mapangidwe a mapuloteni mkati mwa mandala, motero amasanduka oyera pang'ono kapena kwathunthu. Zikuoneka kuti galuyo ali ndi ana a mitambo. The clouding ndondomeko pang'onopang'ono komanso zopweteka, mandala amakula kukula ndi kutupa. Mapuloteni akhoza kuikidwa chifukwa cha chibadwa, matenda a shuga osalamulirika, zoopsa. Matenda a ng'ala ndi obadwa nawo. Mitundu yokonzedweratu - Jack Russell Terrier, Cocker Spaniel, Poodle, Retriever, Schnauzer.

Kusintha kwa lens

Matendawa agalu amalumikizidwa ndi kugwa komanso kusuntha kwa disolo kuchokera pamalo ake abwinobwino. Lens imachoka pamitsempha yomwe imaigwira ndikupita kuchipinda cham'mbuyo kapena chakumbuyo cha diso. Chifukwa cha kusamuka, chakudya cha lens chimasokonekera, ndipo chimakhala chamtambo. Kutengera kubadwa kwa ma lens kumapezeka ku Chinese Crested Dogs, Jack Russell Terriers, Tibetan Terriers, ndi Wire Fox Terriers.

Pansi

Ichi ndi chongopeka m'busa keratitis, chifukwa cha kukanidwa kwa cornea yekha maselo. Imawonekera ngati mtambo komanso kuphwanya kozungulira kwa cornea. Nthawi zambiri ndi mbali ziwiri, symmetrical chotupa. Ngati sichitsatiridwa, cornea imasanduka yakuda ndipo galu amakhala wakhungu. Choyambitsa matendawa ndi ultraviolet, choncho kuwonjezereka kwa matendawa, monga lamulo, kumachitika masika ndi chilimwe. Matendawa makamaka akuwonetseredwa agalu abusa - German, Belgian, Australian ndi mestizos.

Uveodermal syndrome

Matenda osowa kwambiri omwe granulomatous uveitis ndi depigmenting dermatitis amayamba nthawi imodzi. Galu ali ndi chophimba m'maso mwake, uveitis imayamba ndipo galasi la mphuno, mapepala a paw, zikope, milomo, tsitsi pamphuno zimayamba kuyaka ndikusanduka woyera. Zilonda zapakhungu nthawi zambiri zimawonekera mochedwa kuposa maso. Zimapezeka mu agalu a Akito, Alaskan Malamutes, Australian Shepherds, Basset Hounds, Chow Chows, Dachshunds, German Shepherds, Irish Setters, Old English Shepherds, Samoyeds, Shelties, Shiba Inu, Siberian Huskies, St. Bernards. Matendawa kumabweretsa khungu ndipo amafuna aukali zovuta mankhwala ku dermatology ndi ophthalmology.

Diagnostics

Mukawona kuti maso a galu wanu achita mitambo, muyenera kulankhulana ndi veterinary ophthalmologist. Katswiriyo adzayesa ndi kufufuza diso kuti adziwe matenda ndi kupereka chithandizo.

Kuyeza kwa ophthalmic kumaphatikizapo:

• Kuyeza kwa maso ndi kuyesa kwa reflex. Ma Corneal reflexes amafufuzidwa - ngati cornea ikuwoneka mofooka, izi zikhoza kusonyeza kukula kwa kutupa (uveitis, panophthalmitis, keratitis) ndi pupillary reflexes - kuphwanya kuphwanya kwa mwanayo kungasonyeze kukula kwa kutupa, kuwonjezeka kwa intraocular kapena kupweteka kwakukulu.

• Kuwala kwa cornea. Ngati cornea siiwonongeka, utoto wapadera wa ophthalmic umayikidwa m'maso. Kuthwanima, utoto umatsukidwa, ndipo ngati pali zilonda kapena kukokoloka pa cornea, utotowo umawathimbirira. Choncho dokotala akhoza kuyesa kuya ndi kukula kwa chotupacho.

• Kuyeza kwa intraocular pressure. Mothandizidwa ndi zida zapadera zanyama - tonoveta, katswiri wa ophthalmologist amatha kuyeza kuthamanga kwa intraocular, zomwe zingathandize kupanga matenda monga glaucoma - pozindikira kuthamanga kwambiri, kapena uveitis - pamene kupanikizika kuli kochepa.

• Ophthalmoscopy. Uku ndikufufuza kwa chigoba chakumbuyo cha diso - retina, pogwiritsa ntchito zida zapadera. Ndi iyo, mutha kuyang'ana mutu wa mitsempha ya optic, kuyesa ziwiya zomwe zimadyetsa diso. Phunziroli limakupatsani mwayi wowunika momwe diso limagwirira ntchito komanso zotsatira za matenda monga glaucoma, uveitis, uveodermal syndrome.

• Eye ultrasound. Phunziroli likuthandizani kuti muwone kukula ndi malo a lens mu ng'ala ndi kukongola.

• Mayeso achibadwa amafunikira mitundu ina ya agalu kuti anyamule majini a matenda monga pannus, uveodermal syndrome, lens luxation, ng'ala.

chithandizo

Chithandizo cha matendawa chimadalira kwambiri chifukwa chake komanso nthawi yochezera dokotala. Mu ophthalmic mavuto agalu, amene symptomatic maso mitambo, imodzi mwa mfundo zofunika kwambiri chithandizo bwino ndi kuzindikira msanga matenda. Ngati matendawa apangidwa atangoyamba kumene, mavuto ambiri amatha kuthetsedwa ndi chithandizo chamankhwala - madontho ndi mafuta odzola. Pakupita patsogolo, opaleshoni imafunika.

Chithandizo cha Corneal ndi keratitis ndi zilonda nthawi zambiri amafuna kuchotsa chomwe chimayambitsa vuto ndikuchiritsa cornea ndi madontho onyowa komanso madontho a antibayotiki. Ngati zowonongekazo ndizowoneka bwino komanso zatsopano, mankhwalawa amapereka zotsatira mofulumira, ndipo sipadzakhala zotsatira za kuvulala m'tsogolomu. Ngati chikhalidwecho chikunyalanyazidwa, ndipo zilondazo zimakhala zakuya, kuchitidwa opaleshoni ndikofunikira. Choyamba, cornea imatsukidwa, kuchotsa minofu yakufa ndikulinganiza m'mphepete mwa chilonda, ndiye diso limakutidwa ndi chophimba chotetezera - pogwiritsa ntchito zikope za galu kapena lens yopangira. Ndi kuwonongeka kwakukulu, chipsera chimatsalira pa cornea ngati mawanga oyera amtambo.

chithandizo njira zotupa mkati mwa diso (uveitis, panophthalmitis) - yaitali kwambiri komanso yovuta, yosankhidwa payekha pazochitika zilizonse zachipatala. Kwa izo, kuphatikiza kwamankhwala am'deralo ndi mankhwala mkati mwake amagwiritsidwa ntchito - maantibayotiki, mahomoni, mankhwala osagwiritsa ntchito steroidal odana ndi kutupa.

Glaucoma - matenda a ophthalmological ovuta kwambiri. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa kuthamanga mkati mwa diso, zida zonse zimavutika. The chachikulu mankhwala umalimbana kulamulira kupanga intraocular madzimadzi ndi kuthamanga mkati diso. Perekani mankhwala ophatikizana kuti muchepetse zizindikiro ndi kuchepetsa zotsatira za kuthamanga kwa kuthamanga. Tsoka ilo, chithandizo chamankhwala sichigwira ntchito nthawi zonse, ndipo pakadali pano, kukonza opaleshoni kumachitika. Ngati mkhalidwe wa galu sukuyenda bwino pambuyo pa opaleshoni, diso liyenera kuchotsedwa.

aliyense kusintha kwa lens angathe kuchitidwa opaleshoni. Palibe mankhwala omwe amalowa mkati mwake, choncho, palibe kuthekera kwa mafuta odzola kapena madontho kuchiritsa ng'ala kapena kulimbitsa mitsempha yake. Ndi chitukuko cha ng'ala, lens imachotsedwa ndipo ina imayikidwa - cataract phacoemulsification. Ndi luxation, mandala otsekedwa amachotsedwa, ndipo nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosatheka kukhazikitsa ina.

Matenda achibadwa (pannus ndi uveodermal syndrome, dystrophies) sangathe kuchiritsidwa. Pazifukwa izi, chithandizo chokhacho chothandizira chimachitika kuti chichepetse kukula kwa matendawa ndikuwongolera moyo wa chiweto. Ikani mankhwala a mahomoni ndi ma immunosuppressants (mankhwala ochepetsa chitetezo cham'deralo). Pannus amalamulidwanso kuvala magalasi a agalu.

Prevention

Maso amtambo mwa galu ndi chizindikiro choopsa kwambiri chomwe chimawopseza kutaya masomphenya. Choncho, ndikofunikira kupewa matenda pasadakhale.

Nthawi zonse kuchitira tiziromboti - kunja ndi mkati, tsatirani ndondomeko ya katemera. Njira zotupa nthawi zambiri zimakhala chifukwa cha ma virus ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

Onetsetsani mikhalidwe ya zoohygienic - gwiritsani ntchito zakudya zonse, kuyang'anira ukhondo wa malaya, mikhalidwe yabwino.

Musakhulupirire nthano. Pali nthano zambiri za mawonekedwe a maso mumitundu yosiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, akuti si zachilendo kuti Spitz agwe misozi. Nthawi zambiri, mitundu yonse ya agalu imakhala ndi maso onyezimira, ma cornea owoneka bwino, ndipo palibe misozi yochulukirapo pamalayawo.

Kusintha kulikonse m'maso kumafunikira mwachangu kuyesedwa ndi veterinarian - redness, totupa, kutulutsa, turbidity. Osadzipangira mankhwala.

Posankha galu kudziwa dzina lake. Yang'anani momwe maso alili ndipo funsani kuyezetsa majini kwa makolo a mwanayo kuti muwone ngati ali ndi jini yosadziwika bwino yomwe ingayambitse pannus, luxation, kapena ng'ala.

Yang'anani maso a galu wanu nthawi zonse, perekani chisamaliro cha dokotala pa maso paulendo uliwonse wopita kuchipatala - kulandira katemera, kudula zikhadabo kapena kukayezetsa anakonza.

Galu ali ndi maso amtambo - mwachidule

• Ngati muwona kuti galu ali ndi maso amtambo, ganizirani ngati izi zikhoza kukhala chikhalidwe chogwirizana, mwachitsanzo, ndi zaka. Kumbukirani momwe chipwirikiti chinawonekera kalekale. Mu agalu achikulire, mtambo umakula pang'onopang'ono, ndipo kusintha kwa mtundu ndi kuwala kwa maso sikumasonyeza matenda.

• Onani ngati galu akuwona. Wanitsani kuwala m'diso ndikuwona ngati wophunzirayo achita mgwirizano. Yesani kutenga galu wanu koyenda kumalo atsopano ndikuwona momwe amayendera. Kaya amayenda mosamalitsa, nthawi ndi nthawi kugundana ndi chilichonse, kapena amafufuza molimba mtima gawo latsopano.

• Yang'anani ngati ali ndi vuto lililonse - kutuluka m'maso, kufinya, kuopa kuwala ndi zina zambiri.

• Ngati galu ndi purebred, yesetsani kupeza kwa obereketsa ngati iye anali kudwala ali mwana, ndipo ngati makolo ake anali ndi matenda maso. Mukhozanso kudziwa zambiri za matenda obadwa nawo a maso a mtundu winawake paokha.

• Onanina ndi dokotala wamaso wa Chowona Zanyama kuti akamuyezetse msanga ngati galu akuvutika kuona, akumva kuwawa, akutuluka m'maso, ali pachiwopsezo cha matenda obadwa nawo, kapena ali ndi mitambo mwachangu.

Mayankho a mafunso omwe amafunsidwa nthawi zambiri

Disembala 16 2021

Zosinthidwa: Disembala 20, 2021