Mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito biofilter ya aquarium, momwe mungapangire biofilter ndi manja anu kuchokera ku njira zosavuta zosavuta

Madzi, monga mukudziwa, ndiye gwero la moyo, ndipo mu aquarium ndi malo amoyo. Moyo wa anthu ambiri okhala m'nyanja ya aquarium udzadalira mwachindunji ubwino wa madzi awa. Kodi mudawonapo momwe amagulitsira nsomba m'madzi ozungulira osasefera? Kawirikawiri izi ndi nsomba za betta, zomwe sizingasungidwe pamodzi. Chiwonetsero cha madzi amatope ndi nsomba zakufa zomwe zili pafupi kufa sizosangalatsa kwenikweni.

Kotero, tikhoza kunena kuti popanda fyuluta, nsomba ndi zoipa, kotero tiyeni tikambirane nkhaniyi mwatsatanetsatane.

Zosefera zosiyanasiyana potengera ntchito

Madzi amatha kukhala ambiri zinthu zosafunika m'mayiko osiyanasiyana. Komanso, pali mitundu itatu ya zosefera zomwe zimapangidwa kuti zichotse zinthu izi m'madzi:

• fyuluta yamakina yomwe imatsekera tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta zinyalala zomwe sizinasungunuke m'madzi;
• fyuluta yamankhwala yomwe imamanga zinthu zosungunuka mumadzimadzi. Chitsanzo chophweka cha fyuluta yotereyi ndi carbon activated;
• fyuluta yachilengedwe yomwe imasintha zinthu zapoizoni kukhala zopanda poizoni.

Zosefera zomaliza, zomwe ndi biological, ndizo zomwe tikambirana m'nkhaniyi.

Biofilter ndi gawo lofunikira la chilengedwe cha aquarium

Mawu akuti "bio" nthawi zonse amatanthauza kuti tizilombo tating'onoting'ono timakhudzidwa ndi ntchitoyi, kukonzekera kusinthanitsa kopindulitsa. Izi ndi zothandiza mabakiteriya omwe amamwa ammonia, komwe anthu okhala m'madzi a m'madzi amavutika, kusandulika kukhala nitrite kenako nitrate.

Ndi gawo lofunikira la aquarium yathanzi popeza pafupifupi ma organic compounds amawola, kupanga ammonia wowopsa. Kuchuluka kwa mabakiteriya opindulitsa kumayendetsa kuchuluka kwa ammonia m'madzi. Apo ayi, odwala kapena akufa adzawonekera mu aquarium. Pakhoza kukhalanso algae boom chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa zinthu zachilengedwe.

Nkhaniyi imakhalabe yaying'ono pangani malo okhala mabakiteriya ndi malo omasuka.

Kukhala m'magulu a mabakiteriya

Mabakiteriya amafunika kukhazikika pamtunda, njira yokhayo yomwe angayambire moyo wawo wonse. Iyi ndiye mfundo yonse ya biofilter, yomwe ndi nyumba ya mabakiteriya opindulitsa. Mukungoyenera kulola kuti madzi azidutsamo ndipo kusefera kudzayamba.

Mabakiteriya oterowo amapezeka pamtunda wonse wa aquarium, nthaka ndi zinthu zokongoletsera. Chinthu chinanso ndi chakuti njira yosinthira ammonia kukhala nitrates amafunika mpweya wambiri. Ichi ndichifukwa chake madera akuluakulu sangapezeke m'malo opanda mpweya wokwanira kapena madzi osayenda bwino, ndipo madera ang'onoang'ono sagwiritsidwa ntchito pang'ono.

Mabakiteriya amapangidwanso pa masiponji a fyuluta yamakina, zosankha zokhala ndi zodzaza zambiri ndizabwino kwambiri. Palinso zina zowonjezera zomwe zimathandiza kuti biofiltration, monga biowheel.

Ngati pazifukwa zina simungathe kugula fyuluta yabwino kapena mukufuna kupanga zanu, ndiye kuti ndi ntchito yotheka. Mabakiteriya amakhazikika mofunitsitsa zonse mu sefa yokwera mtengo komanso yopangira kunyumba. Amisiri apanga zitsanzo zambiri zogwira mtima, taganizirani zingapo mwa izo.

Chitsanzo cha mbale-mu-galasi

Zida zopangira fyuluta zidzafuna zosavuta kwambiri. Zomwe muyenera kukonzekera kuti muyambe:

• botolo la pulasitiki 0,5 l.;
• chubu cha pulasitiki chokhala ndi m'mimba mwake chomwe chimakwanira bwino pakhosi la botolo (lofanana ndi m'mimba mwake mwa khosi ili);
• timiyala tating'ono 2-5 mm kukula kwake;
• sintepon;
• compressor ndi payipi.

Botolo la pulasitiki limadulidwa mu magawo awiri osafanana: pansi pakuya ndi mbale yaying'ono kuchokera pakhosi. Mbale iyi iyenera kulowa pansi ndikuyatsa. Kuzungulira kunja kwa mbale timapanga mizere iwiri ya mabowo 2-4 ndi awiri a 5-3 mm, ikani chubu chapulasitiki pakhosi. Ndikofunika kuwona ngati pali mipata pakati pa khosi ndi chubu, ngati ilipo, chotsani izi mwa kusonyeza luso. Chubucho chiyenera kutuluka pang'ono kuchokera pansi pa mbale, kenako timayika awiriwa mu theka lachiwiri la botolo. Pamene mbaleyo imayikidwa pansi, chubu chiyenera kukwera pang'ono pamwamba pa dongosolo lonse, pamene gawo lake lapansi siliyenera kufika pansi. Ngati zonse zitayikidwa bwino, ndiye kuti madzi amatha kulowamo mosavuta.

Maziko akakonzeka, pitirirani ku sitepe yotsatira - kutsanulira 5-6 masentimita a timiyala molunjika pa mbale ndikuphimba ndi thaulo. Timayika payipi ya compressor mu chubu ndikumangirira bwino. Zimangotsala kuyika biofilter yapanyumba m'madzi ndikuyatsa kompresa.

Fyulutayi ndi yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, komanso mfundo zake. Wopanga winterizer amafunikira ngati fyuluta yamakina, kuteteza miyala kuti isakhale yakuda kwambiri. Mpweya wochokera ku aerator (compressor) idzalowa mu chubu cha biofilter ndipo nthawi yomweyo thamangira mmwamba kuchokera pamenepo. Njirayi idzalowetsa madzi okhala ndi okosijeni kuti adutse mumwala, kutulutsa mpweya ku mabakiteriya, kenako ndikudutsa mumabowo pansi pa chubu ndikutulutsidwanso m'madzi mu aquarium.

Mtundu wa botolo

Kusintha kwa biofilter yopangidwa kunyumba kudzafunanso kompresa. Kuti mupange mudzafunika:

• botolo la pulasitiki 1-1,5 malita;
• miyala, miyala kapena zodzaza zilizonse zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga biofiltration;
• wosanjikiza woonda wa mphira thovu;
• zitsulo zapulasitiki zopangira mphira wa thovu;
• compressor ndi payipi yopopera.

Mothandizidwa ndi awl, timabowola mowolowa manja pansi pa botolo kuti madzi aziyenda mosavuta mkati mwa botolo. Malowa ayenera kukulungidwa ndi mphira wa thovu ndikukhazikika ndi zingwe zapulasitiki kuti miyalayi isadetse mwachangu. Timatsanulira mu botolo mpaka theka, ndipo kuchokera pamwamba kupyolera pakhosi timadyetsa payipi ya compressor ndi sprayer.

Kukula kwa botolo kungasankhidwe kokulirapo, komwe kumakhala kolimba kwambiri komanso kokulirapo kwa aquarium yokha. Mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito biofilter iyi ndi iyi - madzi amachotsedwa mu botolo chifukwa cha ndege, pamene amakoka madzi pansi pa botolo. Chifukwa chake, unyinji wonse wa filler umakulitsidwa ndi okosijeni. Ndikofunikira kupukuta motsika momwe mungathere kuti miyala yonse ya miyala igwiritsidwe ntchito.

Zosefera zam'madzi am'madzi akuluakulu

Kwa iwo omwe ali ndi fyuluta yabwino yamakina, mutha kungomaliza. Chotuluka kuchokera ku fyuluta iyi chiyenera kumangirizidwa ku chidebe chosindikizidwa ndi miyala kapena chodzaza china choyenera kutero, kotero chodzaza chomwe chili chabwino kwambiri sichiyenera. Kumbali imodzi, madzi oyera adzalowa mu thanki, ndikuwonjezera mpweya, ndipo, kumbali ina, amachoka. Chifukwa chakuti pampu imapanga madzi amphamvu, mukhoza kutenga chidebe chachikulu chokhala ndi miyala.

Pamadzi am'madzi akulu, ma biofilters amphamvu kwambiri amafunikira, omwe mutha kudzipangira nokha. Mufunika ma flasks awiri oyeretsera madzi apampopi ndi mpope wotenthetsera mnyumba yapayekha. Botolo limodzi liyenera kusiyidwa ndi fyuluta yamakina, ndipo yachiwiri iyenera kudzazidwa, mwachitsanzo, ndi miyala yabwino. Timawagwirizanitsa ndi hermetically pogwiritsa ntchito mipope yamadzi ndi zopangira. Zotsatira zake zimakhala zosefera zakunja zamtundu wa canister.

Pomaliza, ziyenera kunenedwa kuti zosankha zonsezi za biofilter m'madzi am'madzi ndi zaulere, komabe, zimathandiza kwambiri kuti mukhale ndi microclimate yabwino m'madzi. Ndizothekanso kudzaza aquarium ndi algae popereka kuwala kwabwino ndi CO2. Zomera zimagwiranso ntchito bwino kuchotsa ammonia m'madzi.