Mitundu ya Makoswe
Mitundu Yambiri ya Makoswe ndi odzichepetsa komanso osavuta kuwasamalira, osiyanitsidwa ndi ubwenzi, khalidwe losangalatsa komanso maonekedwe okongola. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, ambiri a iwo amaphunzitsidwa bwino, amamangiriridwa kwa eni ake ndikudziΕ΅a zamatsenga zosiyanasiyana.
Ndi makoswe otani omwe amasungidwa kunyumba?Ambiri a iwo ndi odzichepetsa komanso osavuta kuwasamalira, osiyanitsidwa ndi ubwenzi, khalidwe losangalatsa ndi maonekedwe okongola. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, ambiri a iwo amaphunzitsidwa bwino, amamangiriridwa kwa eni ake ndikudziΕ΅a zamatsenga zosiyanasiyana.
Ndi makoswe otani omwe amasungidwa kunyumba?
Mitundu ya Mndandanda wa Makoswe
Hamsters
Hamsters ndi makoswe omnivorous, maziko a zakudya kunyumba ndi zosakaniza zambewu za hamster, zowonjezeredwa ndi zitsamba zatsopano za nyengo, udzu womera mwapadera, zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba, nthambi zamitengo yolimba, kamodzi pa sabata kuvala mapuloteni apamwamba - nyama ya nkhuku yophika, yotsika- mafuta kanyumba tchizi, ufa mphutsi, crickets ang'onoang'ono. Mwala wamchere wa makoswe umafunikanso.
Khola limasankhidwa potengera kukula kwa hamster. Pansi pa khola ndikofunika kutsanulira lita imodzi ya shavingskapena chimanga filler. Hamster amasankha malo a chimbudzi, kutali ndi nyumba ndi wodyetsa. Ndikoyenera kusintha utuchi kumeneko tsiku lililonse kapena kuika chimbudzi chapadera cha hamsters kumeneko. Ndipo zinyalala zonse ziyenera kukonzedwanso kamodzi pa sabata, ndiye sizimanunkhiza ndipo zimatsukidwa mosavuta mu khola.
Mu khola la hamster, onetsetsani kuti mwakonza nyumba yayikulu pomwe chiweto chanu chidzabisala kwa ena ndikusunga zinthu. Ma stock awa amayenera kufunidwa pafupipafupi.
Kwa hamsters, kuyenda mozungulira chipinda sikuvomerezeka. Zinyama zazing'ono zimathamanga mofulumira ndikubisala bwino. Ndizovuta kwambiri kugwira hamster yothawa.
Pali mitundu yambiri ya hamster zapakhomo, ndipo zimasiyana kukula, khalidwe ndi khalidwe.
Hamster waku Syria
Koswe wamkulu kwambiri wokhala ndi kutalika kwa thupi mpaka 18 cm, wokhala ndi ubweya wofewa wamchenga kapena wagolide. Amakhala zaka 2-3. Mwachilengedwe, ma hamster aku Syria amakhala osungulumwa, ndipo ndi bwino kuwasunga m'modzim'modzi, chifukwa ngakhale awiri ogonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha adzamenyana.
Khola lolimba la waya la osachepera 50 x 30 x 30 cm ndiloyenera kwambiri kusunga hamster ya ku Syria - yotakata mokwanira kuti ikhale ndi gudumu ndi nsanja zingapo pamagulu osiyanasiyana ogwirizanitsidwa ndi makwerero.
Djungarian hamster
Kukula kwa chiweto chotere mpaka 5 cm, ndipo kulemera kwake kumafikira 45 magalamu. Amakhala pafupifupi zaka ziwiri. Makoswe amtunduwu amakhala ndi mapazi aubweya, mzera wakuda kumbuyo ndi mchira waungβono.
Sitikulimbikitsidwa kusunga ma hamster a Djungarian opitilira imodzi mu khola, chifukwa ma hamster awa ndi ozungulira kwambiri ndipo amawonetsa nkhanza wina ndi mnzake m'malo otsekeka. Akasungidwa pamodzi, ma hamster a Djungarian amakhala ndi nkhawa yosatha, ndipo pomenyana amatha kuvulazana.
Khola 30 Γ 50 masentimita ndi ndodo pafupipafupi.
Hamster wa Campbell
Hamster ya Campbell ndi ya banja laling'ono. Kutalika kwa thupi ndi 7-10 cm, kulemera kwake ndi 25 g. Amakhala pafupifupi zaka ziwiri.
Ndizofanana kwambiri ndi hamster ya Djungarian, koma ngati mutayang'anitsitsa, mutha kuzizindikira mosavuta ndi mzere wosazindikirika, wopapatiza kumbuyo, makutu ang'onoang'ono, rhombus yopapatiza pamphumi ndi mtundu wa malaya achikasu.
Ngakhale kuti amaoneka okongola, hamsters a Campbell ndi osungulumwa mwachibadwa. Iwo ndi odziimira okha ndipo amakonda kukhala okha. Zabwino kwambiri, amachita mosasamala ndi zomwe mwiniwake akuwakhudza, ndipo amatha kupewa kukhudzana ndi mphamvu zawo zonse - kuzembera kapena kuluma. Komabe, milandu yambiri imadziwika kuti, ndi chisamaliro choyenera komanso mosamala, hamster idasinthidwa mosavuta, idazolowera eni ake ndikusiya nyumba yawo yokha.
Ndibwino kuti muzisunga hamster imodzi mu khola limodzi. Chifukwa cha kulakalaka kusungulumwa komanso kukhala ndi ufulu wodziyimira pawokha, makoswewa amasemphana kwambiri ndipo, akasungidwa pamodzi, amakhala ndi nkhawa nthawi zonse. Kukula koyenera kwa khola kapena terrarium kwa chiweto chimodzi: 50 Γ 30 cm, nyumba, gudumu ndi zida zamitundu yonse zokwera zimafunikira.
Roborovsky hamster
Hamster ya Roborovsky ndi imodzi mwa mitundu yosowa kwambiri komanso yaying'ono kwambiri ya hamster. Kutalika kwa thupi la makoswe wamkulu ndi 4-5 cm, ndipo kulemera kwake ndi 30 g. Kutalika kwa moyo wawo ndi zaka 2. Hamster ili ndi mphuno yamphuno, makutu akuluakulu ozungulira. Chovalacho ndi cha pinki-chikasu, mimba ndi mapazi ndi oyera.
Kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa hamster Roborovsky ndi abale awo apamtima - ndi kucheza ndi kusakonda kusungulumwa. Ziwetozi zimasungidwa awiriawiri kapena magulu ndipo zimagwirizana bwino wina ndi mnzake, kupanga banja limodzi laubwenzi, lalikulu. Ikhoza kusungidwa pawiri. Khola la mtundu uwu wa hamster likhoza kukhala laling'ono, koma osachepera 30 cm - hamsters akugwira ntchito ndipo amafunika kusuntha. Komanso, khola liyenera kukhala ndi mipiringidzo pafupipafupi kuti hamster isatuluke. Ndi bwino ngati nyumba, gudumu, mitundu yonse ya makwerero, zingwe anaika mu khola.
Makoswe okongoletsera
Makoswe okongoletsera amasinthasintha mwachangu, amakhala odzichepetsa, safuna malo ambiri, amabwera mumitundu yosiyanasiyana komanso oseketsa kwambiri. Amakhala maso makamaka usiku, amakhala ochuluka kwambiri ndipo amafika msinkhu wogonana mofulumira. Kukula kwa mbewa wamkulu kumayambira 5 mpaka 10 cm, kulemera: 20-50 gr. Kutalika kwa moyo ndi zaka 1.5 - 2.5.
Oweta abereketsa mitundu yosangalatsa ya mbewa zomwe zimasiyana ndi malaya (wamba, atsitsi lalitali, satin, opiringizika, amaliseche) ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana.
Podyetsa ndi kusamalira nyama, kusuntha kwadzidzidzi komwe kungathe kuopseza kuyenera kupewedwa. Pang'onopang'ono phunzitsani mbewa kuti imveke bwino, yesetsani kuyankhula mwakachetechete komanso mofatsa. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti mbewa ndi nyama zamagulu ndipo popanda kulankhulana zimadzitsekera pawokha ndipo zimatha kufa chifukwa chotopa. Choncho, ngati m'nyumba mwanu muli mbewa imodzi yokha, iyenera kupatsidwa nthawi yochepa tsiku lililonse.
Mbewa ndi khoswe ndipo ndi yosawerengeka mβzakudya. Ndi bwino kudyetsa ndi tirigu zosakaniza, kuphatikizapo masamba, zipatso, yophika dzira woyera ndi otsika mafuta kanyumba tchizi mu zakudya.
Mukhoza kusunga mbewa mu khola lachitsulo kapena mu galasi la terrarium ndi pansi lalikulu ndi mbali zotsika (zokutidwa ndi ukonde pamwamba). Posankha bwalo la ndege, kumbukirani kuti mbewa imatha kuluma nkhuni ndi zida zina zambiri, komanso kufinya m'ming'alu yopapatiza. Ndi bwino kusankha chipinda chachikulu, nyama zimagwira ntchito ndipo zimafuna kuyenda. Kuti chiweto chisatope, ndikofunikira kugula ndikuyika zoseweretsa zosiyanasiyana mnyumba mwake - gudumu lothamanga, potty, nthambi, makwerero. Nyumba ya mbewa iyenera kukhala pamtunda wabwino kuchokera ku ma radiator otentha ndi mazenera, makamaka ngati ali otseguka nthawi zonse. Ndikoyenera kusankha malo otere a mbewa, komwe adzakhala ndi malo ambiri omasuka, izi ndichifukwa choti nyamazi ndizoyenda ndipo sizingakhale chete.
makoswe okongoletsera
Makoswe okongoletsera amatha kukhala mamembala athunthu a banja omwe amayamikira chikondi ndi chisamaliro, kuyankha mawu a mwiniwake ndikuchita malamulo oyambirira. Kulemera kwa khoswe wamkulu kumafika 800 gr. Kutalika kwa moyo wa khoswe ndi zaka 2-3.
Makoswe ambiri amitundu yosiyanasiyana, mitundu yaubweya kapena kusakhalapo kwake, okhala ndi makutu osiyanasiyana amaΕ΅etedwa.
Makoswe nawonso ndi omnivores. Makoswe amadyetsedwa ndi tirigu wosakaniza, kuwonjezera masamba, zipatso ku zakudya, kamodzi pa sabata - nyama ya nkhuku yophika mafuta ochepa, dzira lophika loyera, kanyumba kakang'ono kanyumba tchizi, mukhoza kupereka tizilombo toyambitsa matenda (cricket, tormentor).
Makoswe amakhala bwino m'makampani, koma ngati simukufuna ana, mutha kukhazikika m'magulu a amuna kapena akazi okhaokha. Selo liyenera kufanana ndi kuchuluka kwa okhalamo, ndikukhala osachepera 60x40x30. Khoswe amamva bwino kwambiri mu khola lalikulu la mauna, lomwe lili ndi nsanja zingapo zamagawo osiyanasiyana, makwerero ndi zoseweretsa zosiyanasiyana. Onetsetsani kuti muyike nyumba yokwanira kukula mu khola, yomwe idzakhala ngati mink ya rodent, kapena hammock. Ikani thireyi ya chimbudzi mu ngodya ina. Popeza khoswe ndi mafoni kwambiri komanso kusewera, m'pofunika kukonza mitundu yonse ya hammocks, nsanza, zingwe, nsanza, mapaipi, mawilo ndi zidole zina mu khola. Khola liyenera kuyikidwa kutali ndi ma drafts, mabatire ndi masitovu. Kutentha kwambiri ndi hypothermia ndizowopsa kwa makoswe awa.
Kutsuka makoswe kumaphatikizapo kutsuka mbale ndi zakumwa tsiku lililonse, kusintha zodzaza nthawi yake, kutsuka zakudya zosadyedwa, ndi kutsuka ma hammocks. Ngati mumasamalira makoswe okongoletsera, fungo lake lidzakhala losaoneka bwino.
Khosweyo atakuzolowerani ndikuyamba kubwera pakuitana, amatha kutulutsidwa kuti ayende. Koma poyang'aniridwa - pambuyo pake, makoswe amayesa chirichonse pa dzino. Choncho, chotsani zinthu zamtengo wapatali, zolemba, kubisala mawaya pasadakhale. Makoswe amatha kuwonetsa gawo lawo posiya timadontho tating'ono kumbuyo kwawo. Anyamata amachita nthawi zambiri.
Makoswe safunikira kutsukidwa, amakhala aukhondo ndipo amatsuka bwino. Ngati makoswe akadali akuda, mutha kutsuka m'madzi ofunda ndi shampu ya makoswe, ndikuwumitsa pamalo otentha, kutali ndi zojambula. Ngati zikhadabo za makoswe zikukula ndipo sathana nazo yekha, mutha kuzidula ndi chodula chapadera.
Mastomis
Mastomis ndi a mitundu ya makoswe ambiri. Kanyama kakang'ono kameneka, kamene kali pakati pa khoswe ndi mbewa, ndi kaΕ΅irikaΕ΅iri kuwirikiza ka 1.5-2 kuposa mbewa zokongoletsera. Kutalika kwa thupi lake ndi 15 cm, mchira ndi 11 cm, kulemera kwa munthu wamkulu ndi 60 g. Azimayi a Mastomis ali ndi nsonga za 8-12, choncho dzina la mitunduyo. Amuna amakhala ndi moyo zaka 3, akazi - mpaka zaka 2.
Mastomis ndi omnivorous, akhoza kudyetsedwa ndi tirigu wosakaniza, masamba ndi zipatso, kuwonjezera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, zidutswa za nkhuku yophika, dzira loyera, kanyumba tchizi. Gawo la mapuloteni ndilofunika kwambiri kwa makoswe apakati komanso omwe akuyamwitsa.
Ndi bwino kusunga mastomy muzitsulo zachitsulo ndi mipiringidzo yopapatiza ndi pansi kutetezedwa ndi kabati. Muyenera kuyika nyumba ndi zoseweretsa zamitundu yonse mu khola: makwerero, mawilo, ndodo, ndi zina zotero. Ndizofunika ngati zonsezi zimapangidwanso ndi matabwa. Pansi pa khola ali ndi chimanga filler kapena zopukutira, inu mukhoza kuwonjezera udzu pang'ono.
Makoswe ambiri ndi nyama zoyera kwambiri. Kutengera ndi mbewa zingati zomwe zimakhala mu khola, mutha kuziyeretsa 1-2 pa sabata, kapena kuchepera. Mastomis amatha kuphunzitsidwa mosavuta ku chimbudzi: ingoyikani chidebe pakona ya khola.
Kuyeretsa ubweya nthawi ndi nthawi, ikani chidebe cha mchenga wa chinchilla mu khola.
Mastomis ndi ochezeka komanso a mitala, choncho ndi bwino kuwasunga m'magulu. Banja nthawi zambiri limakhala la amuna ndi akazi 3-5. Mbewa zosungulumwa zokhala ndi mabele ambiri amakhumudwa, siyani kudya. Zonsezi zidzabweretsa mavuto azaumoyo.
mawere
Nthawi zambiri, gerbil yaku Mongolia imasungidwa ngati chiweto. Izi ndi nyama zazing'ono kuyambira 9 mpaka 15 centimita kutalika, ndi mchira wa pubescent ndi ngayaye kumapeto kwake. Amakhala pafupifupi zaka 2-3.
Gerbil amadyetsedwa ndi tirigu wosakaniza, kuwonjezera udzu wophuka, zouma ndi masamba atsopano. Nthawi zina mukhoza kupereka chakudya tizilombo kapena otsika mafuta kanyumba tchizi. Chokhacho ndi chakuti zakudya zamafuta ndi mafuta ziyenera kukhala zochepa. Gerbils amawakonda kwambiri, koma kuchulukirachulukira kumatha kusokoneza thanzi la chiweto. Mwala wamchere (womwe, kuwonjezera apo, udzabwezeretsanso mchere wamchere m'thupi) ndi nthambi za mitengo yamtengo wapatali zidzakhala zothandiza pakukuta mano.
Ndikofunikira kusunga ma gerbils mu khola lachitsulo lomwe lili ndi nyumba ndi gudumu, makamaka ndi thireyi yayikulu, ndipo pali zosankha ndi chidebe pansi ndi khola pamwamba, mutha kukhala mu "dune". Kutentha kwabwino kwambiri ndi 20-23 Β° C, osachepera 15 Β° C. Kujambula kwa dzuwa kolunjika sikuloledwa. Gerbils amakonda kukumba, chifukwa chake, kuti atonthozedwe kwambiri, utuchi waukulu wosanjikiza (masentimita 10-15) uyenera kuthiridwa pansi. Kupanga chisa, nyama sizingakane udzu, zopukutira popanda utoto.
Ndi yabwino kupachika wodyetsa pamwamba pa mlingo wa utuchi kapena kuika pa yachiwiri pansi khola, apo ayi nyama angayese kuiika m'manda.
Kuyeretsa mu khola la ma gerbils kuyenera kuchitika kamodzi pa masabata 1-2, ndikusintha utuchi ndi zopukutira.
Akomis
Akomis, kapena mbewa ya spiny, ndi nyama yachilendo kwambiri. Zikuwoneka ngati mbewa yayikulu, koma pamlingo wa chibadwa ili pafupi ndi ma gerbils. Nyamayi ili ndi mlomo wopapatiza, maso akulu akuda ndi makutu ozungulira. Kumbuyo kukula singano, pafupifupi ngati hedgehog, wotumbululuka chikasu, pabuka kapena imvi bulauni. Thupi lonselo lili ndi tsitsi loyera kapena lofiirira. Miyendo ya akomis ndi yaifupi, komabe, imayenda mofulumira. Mchira ndi scaly, dazi, wofewa kwambiri, amathyoka mosavuta, kotero inu simungakhoze kugwira akomis ndi mchira. Kukula kwa thupi 7-15cm, mchira kutalika 5-12cm.
Makoswe ndi omnivorous: zakudya zimakhala ndi masamba (chakudya chambewu cha mbewa, zipatso, masamba atsopano kapena owuma ndi zipatso, mtedza, masamba a dandelion, nsabwe zamatabwa) ndi zakudya zanyama (tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, nyama yophika yophika, dzira lophika, tchizi cha kanyumba. ). 1-2 pa sabata, mbewa zimapatsidwa nthambi za mitengo ya zipatso. Ma mineral supplements amafunikiranso.
Ndi kukhudzana tsiku ndi tsiku, amakhala odekha komanso odekha, koma amathamanga mofulumira ngati sanawagwire. Mosiyana ndi makoswe ena, iwo sanunkhiza. Izi ndi nyama zausiku zomwe zimakhala m'magulu/mabanja, kotero muyenera kuyamba nyama ziwiri zogonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha.
Akomis ndi nyama zoyenda kwambiri, zomwe zimafunikira malo okhalamo okhala ndi mafelemu ambiri okwera ndi malo okhala. Zitha kusungidwa mumchenga, khola lalikulu lachitsulo (zikhola zamatabwa siziyenera mbalame, chifukwa akomis amatha kudziluma mosavuta m'zigawo zonse zamatabwa) kapena m'nyanja yamadzi yokhala ndi chivindikiro chabwino cha mesh kuti mpweya wabwino ukhale wabwino. Monga zofunda, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito utuchi, khungwa lophwanyidwa, chodzaza chimanga. Mapepala a udzu ndi oyera amatha kuperekedwa kuti apange chisa. Kwa gulu la nyama, ndikofunikira kupereka malo angapo obisalamo, kupumula, ndi kuswana. Akomis amapota gudumu mosangalala kwambiri, pomwe mawilo okhala ndi mainchesi akulu, otsekedwa kwathunthu, kapena ndi mbali imodzi yotsekedwa amakondedwa, izi ndichifukwa choti mawilo otseguka nthawi zambiri amavulaza michira yawo. Nyumbayo iyeneranso kukhala ndi makwerero, ma hammocks, zingwe ndi tunnel. Ndikwabwino kugwiritsa ntchito chakumwa chodziwikiratu ndi mpira, mbale yokhazikika ya ceramic ndiyoyeneranso, yomweyi ndiyoyenera chakudya.
Kuyeretsa kumachitika pamene kumakhala kodetsedwa, ndi kukonzanso kwathunthu kwa filler ndi kutsuka masitepe, tunnel, kutsuka kwa hammocks.
tili ndi
Degu ndi makoswe apakati, kutalika kwa thupi 10-15 cm, mchira kuchokera 7-12 cm.
Nyamazi zikhoza kusungidwa padera komanso palimodzi. Mutha kukhazikitsa nyama zogonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha komanso amuna kapena akazi okhaokha. Mosiyana ndi zinzake zakutchire, makoswe owetawa samakonda kusonyezana nkhanza. Degus wamkazi amakhwima pogonana pa miyezi 5-7, amuna pa miyezi 7-8.
Ndi zomera zomwe zimadya udzu ndipo zimafunikira kudyetsedwa udzu ndi udzu. Mukhoza kusiyanitsa zakudya ndi udzu wouma ndi wouma, muzu wouma ndi maluwa a dandelion. Mbeu za mpendadzuwa ndi mtedza siziyenera kupitilira 10% yazakudya patsiku, chifukwa zimakhala zonenepa kwambiri ndipo zimatha kuvulaza chiwindi ndi m'mimba thirakiti, zomwe zimayambitsa ziwengo.
Chakudya bwino anaika katundu ceramic kapena chitsulo feeders Ufumuyo makoma a khola. Izi ndizofunikira kuti chiweto chisakhale ndi mwayi wotembenuza mbale ndikusakaniza chakudya ndi zofunda.
Zoyala za degu zimatha kukhala chimanga kapena zinyalala za cellulose.
Kusunga degus kunyumba, muyenera khola, makamaka Mipikisano timiyendo, ndi chiwerengero chachikulu cha ndime ndi mapaipi, amatikumbutsa malo awo achilengedwe. Mipiringidzo ya khola ndi makwerero amatabwa omwe amaikidwa mmenemo, nyumba ndi mashelufu angagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi degu pakukuta mano. Kudya nkhuni si owopsa kwa iwo, monga pang`ono digested mu m`mimba thirakiti.
Nyamazi zimatsuka ubweya wawo posamba mumchenga, zomwe zingathe kugulidwa m'masitolo a ziweto (zopangidwa ndi degus, chinchillas ndi gerbils). Kusamba kumachitika 2-3 pa sabata kwa mphindi 20-30, chifukwa cha izi, zokhala ndi zida kapena zogulidwa m'sitolo ya ziweto zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mchenga mu chipinda chosambira uyenera kusinthidwa milungu iwiri iliyonse.
Ndowe ndi mkodzo wa nyama zimenezi alibe fungo lamphamvu. Degus ndi oyera, m'masiku oyamba okhalamo, makola amasankha malo oyendetsera zosowa zawo zachilengedwe. Ayenera kutsukidwa masiku atatu aliwonse, kuyeretsa kwathunthu kwa khola kuyenera kuchitika milungu iwiri iliyonse, madzi amasinthidwa tsiku ndi tsiku, chakudya ndi udzu pakufunika.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya makola amitundu yambiri a degus
Nkhumba zaku Guinea
Nkhumba za ku Guinea ndi makoswe omwe amalemera pakati pa 700 ndi 1500 magalamu, ndipo amuna amakhala aakulu kuposa akazi, okhala ndi matupi oyambira 20 cm mpaka 35 cm. Kutalika kwa moyo ndi zaka 6-9.
Pali mitundu yambiri ya nkhumba za nkhumba, mitundu yosiyana kwambiri ndi malaya amtundu - yosalala, ya tsitsi lalitali, yopindika komanso yopanda tsitsi.
Nkhumba ndi nyama zochezeka, zanzeru ndipo zimakonda kucheza kwambiri ndi achibale awo. Amakhala otanganidwa madzulo ndi mbandakucha, ndipo akadzuka, amathera nthawi yawo yambiri akukonza, kudyetsa, kapena kufufuza malo ozungulira. Nkhumba za ku Guinea ndi nyama zamagulu. M'chilengedwe, amakhala m'magulumagulu, kotero kunyumba mukhoza kuwasunga mu zidutswa zingapo, kuphatikizapo amuna kapena akazi okhaokha kapena gulu, pamene akazi amagwirizana bwino. Ngati muli ndi chiweto chimodzi, ndibwino kuti muyike pamalo omwe banja lonse limasonkhana. Gwiritsani ntchito mphindi 10 patsiku mukulankhulana ndi nyamayo, lankhulani naye ndikumunyamula m'manja mwanu, apo ayi akhoza kukhala wotopa.
Nkhumba ndi herbivorous makoswe, ndipo maziko a zakudya ndi udzu pellets ndi udzu. Udzu uyenera kukhala mu khola nthawi zonse, mu sennitsa. Zowonjezera - kaloti zatsopano, apulo, kasakaniza kakang'ono ka tirigu, mizu yowuma ya dandelion, udzu wouma pang'ono, nthambi za mitengo yodula. Kuchuluka kwa zakudya zowutsa mudyo kumapangitsanso mano ndi matumbo kukhala abwino. Mbali ina ya nkhumba ikudya zinyalala zake, sizingatheke kuletsa kapena kuyesa kuchotsa zinthu zoterezi. Gawo lazakudya limatha kutulutsidwa ndi "kukonzanso" chakudya.
Nkhumba zapakhomo nthawi zambiri zimakhala m'makola, ngakhale eni ake ambiri a nyama amagwiritsa ntchito mpanda waukulu kuti azisamalira, zomwe zimakhala zazikulu kwambiri. Makoswe ndi nyama yosachedwa kutha, ndipo khola likakula, limakhala bwino. Mutha kuyika tunnel, mabedi, zoseweretsa mu aviary, kupachika hammock. Pansi pa khola kapena aviary yokutidwa ndi wandiweyani wosanjikiza wa filler, ndi zofunika kuti alibe tinthu tating'onoting'ono ndipo sangathe kulowa mu kupuma thirakiti ndi maso a nkhumba. Komanso, chofunda chofewa cha PVC chikhoza kuikidwa pamwamba pa chodzaza, chomwe chiyenera kutsukidwa panthawi yake. Kuyeretsa kumachitika ngati pakufunika.
Osayiwala ubweya wa nkhumba. Iyenera kupesedwa ndi burashi yofewa pafupifupi 2 pa sabata. Kudula misomali kungafunike 1-2 pa chaka.
Zosankha zosungira nkhumba za Guinea
chinchillas
Chinchillas ndi nyama zachilendo ndipo amasiyana kwambiri ndi makoswe ena okongoletsera muzochita zawo, makhalidwe awo ndi physiology. Kutalika kwa thupi - kuchokera 22 mpaka 38 cm, mchira - 10-17 cm. Amalemera kuyambira 300 mpaka 800 g.
Chinchilla ndi makoswe a herbivorous. Zakudya zake ziyenera kukhala ndi chakudya chochokera ku zomera ndi udzu. Mutha kusiyanitsa zakudya ndi mbande zatsopano za oat, zitsamba zouma zouma, mizu ya dandelion, chamomile ndi maluwa a dandelion, pang'ono - kaloti zouma ndi mbewu zonse.
Posunga chinchillas, tikulimbikitsidwa kugula khola lalikulu lazitsulo lokhala ndi zitsulo zosachepera 100 cm, popanda malo opaka utoto, ndi thireyi yotulutsa, mashelefu ndi maloko odalirika. Komanso, chinchilla ikhoza kuyikidwa muwonetsero wapadera wamitundu yambiri. Zogona nthawi zambiri ndi utuchi waukulu, womwe umasinthidwa kamodzi pa sabata. Nyumbayo iyenera kukhala ndi chakudya chokhazikika, mbale yakumwa ndi sennitsa yomangiriridwa ndi ndodo, mashelufu amatabwa opumula masana ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi, miyala yamchere yopera mano, nyumba yomwe nyama imatha kupuma (ngati muli ndi ziweto zingapo, Kenako aliyense waiwo amafunikira chivundikiro chosiyana). Kuonjezera apo, hammock, makwerero amatabwa ndi ngalande, bokosi la zinyalala likhoza kuikidwa mu khola, ndipo ngati zoseweretsa zomwe chinchilla idzadziluma mosangalala - nthambi,
Sireyi yokhala ndi mchenga (kusamba) sayenera kusungidwa mu khola nthawi zonse, nthawi zambiri imayikidwa kwa nthawi yonse yosambira mchenga.
Nyumba ya chiweto sichiyenera kukhala pamalo ojambulidwa, pafupi ndi mabatire ndi makoma akunja, komanso kuwala kwa dzuwa. Iwo salola kusintha mwadzidzidzi kutentha. Popeza chinchillas ndi nyama usiku, musati muyike khola m'chipinda chogona.
Mwachilengedwe, chinchillas ndi okondana komanso ofatsa, samaluma konse. Nyamayo imatha kuluma pokhapokha ili ndi mantha amphamvu. Chinchillas onse ndi osiyana, ena amakonda kusisita, pamene ena satero, ndipo makhalidwe amenewa ayenera kulemekezedwa. Zomwe chinchillas samalekerera ndi chiwawa. Kuti tikwaniritse kumvetsetsana ndi nyama, muyenera kusonyeza kuleza mtima ndi chipiriro, kulemekeza zosiyana za khalidwe lake ndi khalidwe lake. Muyenera kutenga chinchilla m'manja mwanu mosamala, kuchirikiza kuchokera pansi.
Onetsani njira ya chinchilla
Akalulu okongoletsa.
Akalulu si makoswe, koma ndi a dongosolo la lagomorphs, lomwe limaphatikizapo akalulu ndi pikas. Kusiyana kwakukulu kwa makoswe ndi kukhalapo kwa nsagwada zapamwamba za incisors osati peyala imodzi, koma ziwiri.
Mitundu yambiri ya akalulu okongoletsera akhala akuweta, ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ubweya ndi mtundu, kukula ndi malo a makutu. Kalulu wokongoletsera nthawi zambiri amakhala m'ndende kwa 5 - 7, ndipo m'malo abwino, ngati ali ndi chiwindi chautali, ndiye zaka 10. Zinyama zazikulu nthawi zambiri zimakondweretsa eni ake nthawi yayitali.
Kalulu ndi nyama yodya udzu kotheratu. Akalulu ocheperako amakhala ndi mawonekedwe awoawo am'mimba, omwe ayenera kukumbukiridwa popanga zakudya. Kukhala ndi m'mimba yaing'ono yokhala ndi chipinda chimodzi komanso chimbudzi chachikulu, nyama zimakakamizika kudyetsa thupi nthawi zonse, kotero zimadya mpaka 30 patsiku, ndi nyama zazing'ono kawiri kawiri. Izi ziyenera kuganiziridwa kuti apatse nyama chakudya molingana ndi zosowa zake. Udzu uyenera kuperekedwa kwa kalulu nthawi zonse, uwu ndi mtundu waukulu wa chakudya. Ikhoza kudyetsedwa ndi ma pellets apamwamba a zitsamba. Muyeneranso kuwonjezera pang'ono tirigu osakaniza, mwatsopano udzu, dandelions, nthambi za deciduous mitengo ya zipatso, kaloti, achinyamata chimanga pa chisononkho, maapulo kwa zakudya. Ma mineral supplements amafunikira. Chinthu chinanso cha kalulu ndi kudya zinyalala zake. Ichi ndi chosowa cha nyama
Amuna awiri sayenera kusungidwa mu khola limodzi, akamakula, ndithudi amayamba kumenyana. Koma akazi awiri, ndipo nthawi zina ngakhale atatu, ngati khola ndi lalikulu mokwanira, bwino pamodzi, ngakhale pa nkhani ya kulera olowa.
Ngati ndi kotheka, kalulu amafunika kupesedwa ndikudula zikhadabo ndi chodula chapadera.
Khola la kalulu wocheperako liyenera kukhala lalitali pafupifupi 70 cm, ndipo ndizothekanso kulisunga mu aviaries kapena playpens.
Pansi, ngati chofunda, utuchi woponderezedwa kapena udzu wokhala ndi wosanjikiza wa 3-5 cm ndi woyenera kwambiri. Nyumbayo iyenera kuikidwa pamalo otetezedwa ku zojambula ndi kuzizira. Ndikoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito chodyera cholemera, ceramic ndi yabwino, chifukwa akalulu amakonda kutembenuza chilichonse. Mutha kupachika feeder yopachikika. Chiweto chanu chiyenera kukhala ndi madzi abwino nthawi zonse. Osavuta kwambiri kumwa mowa kwa makoswe, okhala ndi mpira.
Zoseweretsa zimatha kukhala mipira yamatabwa, makatoni ndi machubu, zoseweretsa zapadera zopangidwa ndi matabwa ndi sisal, zomwe kalulu amatha kusewera mu khola kapena aviary, komanso poyenda m'chipinda.
Akalulu amaphunzitsidwa ku chimbudzi, ndipo mutha kuyika thireyi yapadera mu khola yomwe iyenera kutsukidwa tsiku lililonse. Zofunda pansi pa khola ziyenera kusinthidwa osachepera 2 pa sabata.
Khola ndi aviary kwa akalulu
