Mfundo 10 zosangalatsa za ma penguin - okhala ku Antarctica osamva chisanu

Pa gawo la Antarctica, mbalame zodabwitsa zosatha - penguin zapeza pothawirapo. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti poyamba iwo ankatha kuwuluka, koma m'kupita kwa chisinthiko anataya luso limeneli. Tsopano akudziwa kudumpha bwino komanso kumva bwino m'madzi.

Nyamazi zikuphatikizapo mitundu 18, ndipo zili ndi zofanana - zonse ndi osambira komanso osambira. Mbalame zodziwika bwino kwambiri, emperor penguin, ndi mbalame yakale kwambiri komanso yakale kwambiri kuposa mbalame zonse. Penguin ndi wochezeka komanso wochezeka; posaka ndi kumanga zisa, zimapanga nkhosa.

Inde, nyama yotere monga penguin ndi yokondweretsa kwa ambiri - mukufuna kuphunzira zambiri za mbalame. Tiyeni tipitirize nazo tsopano! Tikukulangizani kuti mudziwe mfundo khumi zosangalatsa kwambiri za ma penguin.

10 Killer whales ndi m'modzi mwa adani akuluakulu

Oimira dziko la nyama nthawi zonse amakhala ndi adani, ma penguin nawonso. Mbalame zokongolazi zili ndi adani angapo: mbalame zam'madzi zomwe zimatha kuwononga mazira awo ndi anapiye obadwa kumene, zisindikizo zaubweya ndi anyalugwe, koma kupha anamgumi amabweretsa ngozi yaikulu kwa iwo.

Monga lamulo, anamgumi akupha amasaka ma penguin akuluakulu, koma zimachitika kuti sadana ndi kudya ma adels. Anangumi ena opha nyama amadikirira pengwini pamtunda, pamene ena amawasaka m’madzi. Pali lingaliro losangalatsa lotere "penguin zotsatira”, kutanthauza kuopa chinthu chamadzi.

9. Sungani maanja okhazikika moyo wanu wonse

Pankhani ya kukhala ndi mkazi mmodzi, pamakhala mikangano. Wina akutsutsa kuti kukhala ndi mkazi mmodzi m'dziko la nyama sizinthu zongopeka chabe, sizowoneka, koma zinyama zimasonyeza ndi chitsanzo chawo kuti n'zotheka.

Ponena za ma penguin, amapanga awiriawiri kwa zaka zambiri. Asayansi anachitanso kafukufuku, kuona mbalame kwa zaka 30 pogwiritsa ntchito makina a satellite. Zinapezeka kuti ma penguin a Magellanic amakhalabe odzipereka kwa wina ndi mzake kwa zaka zambiri, ngakhale kuti nthawi yachisanu amayenera kupatulidwa.

8. Asodzi aluso

Asodzi ambiri ongoyamba kumene angachite bwino kuphunzira luso la penguin! Mbalamezi zimadya kwambiri, zakudya zawo zikuphatikizapo: squid, nkhanu, krill, ndithudi, nsomba, ndi zamoyo zina za m'nyanja. Tsiku lililonse amamwa mpaka 1 kg. chakudya (koma izi zili m'miyezi yachilimwe), ndi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a ndalama zomwe zikuwonetsedwa m'nyengo yozizira.

Penguin amadziwa momwe angapezere chakudya chawo, ndipo amachita bwino kwambiri - akudumphira m'madzi (ndipo ndi osayerekezeka m'madzi!) Amagwira nsomba, komanso zamoyo zina za m'madzi.. Chochititsa chidwi n’chakuti mbalame sizidya zotayidwa. Pakati pa ma penguin, pali ena omwe amakonda kudya nsomba zokha.

7. Chiwerengero cha mitsempha ya mitsempha m'miyendo ndi yochepa

Kodi munayamba mwadzifunsapo kuti chifukwa chiyani ma penguin samaundana mpaka madzi oundana? Ndipo makamaka, mapazi awo? Pali kufotokozera kwa izi. Zoona zake n’zakuti Mbalame zimakhala ndi minyewa yochepa pamiyendo yawo, ndipo zimapangika ngati “zipsepse”.

Kuphatikiza apo, ma penguin ali ndi mafupa olemera kwambiri poyerekeza ndi mbalame zina. Mwa njira, mapiko awo, omwe amafanana ndi zipsepse, amalola mbalame kukhala ndi liwiro lalikulu lakuyenda pansi pamadzi - mpaka 11 km / h.

6. Antonio Pigafett anawatanthauzira kukhala “atsekwe achilendo”

Wolemba Wachitaliyana Antonio Pigafett (1492-1531) mu 1520, pambuyo pa ulendo umene anatsagana nawo Ferdinand Magellan, anasiya zolemba zosangalatsa. Iye anayerekezera ma penguin a ku South America ndi atsekwe, izi n’zimene analemba kuti: “Atsekwe achilendo sanathe kuwuluka…»

Mwa njira, anali Pigafett amene ananena mfundo yakuti ma penguin ndi nyama zodyetsedwa bwino, ndipo izi zinakonzeratu mmene zinayambira kutchedwa: m’Chilatini “mafuta "pinquis (pingvis), motero “penguin” anapangidwa.

Mwa njira, ngakhale Pythagett asanakhalepo, woyendetsa ngalawa ndi gulu la amalinyero (mu 1499) ochokera ku Portugal anaona mbalame, ndipo mmodzi wa ophunzirawo anafotokoza ma penguin owoneka ngati mbalame zazikulu zomwe zimawoneka ngati atsekwe. Chabwino, pali kufanana ...

5. Ma penguin a Galapagos samakhala m'madera a polar

Galapagos penguin ndiye yekhayo m'banja la penguin lomwe linasinthidwa kukhala kumpoto kwa dziko lapansi - ku Ecuador., ndipo, wina anganene, ndi wapadera pakati pa abale ake, chifukwa adakwera m'malo otentha. Kumeneko amapulumutsidwa ndi mphepo yozizira, yomwe imachepetsa kutentha kwa madzi kufika pamiyeso yofunikira (pafupifupi madigiri 20).

Zachidziwikire, ambiri amakhala ku Antarctica, koma kuli ma penguin omwe amakhala kumadera akumwera. Penguin ya Galapagos imasiyanitsidwa ndi kukula kwake kakang'ono (kang'ono kwambiri mwa banja la Penguin) - pafupifupi, kutalika kwake sikudutsa 53 cm, ndi kulemera kwake mpaka 2.6 kg. Amuna ndi aakulu kuposa akazi. Kulowera m'madzi akuya mamita 30, amasaka anthu okhala m'nyanja.

4. Ma penguin atsitsi lagolide ndi omwe amapezeka kwambiri

Penguin ya tsitsi la golide (yomwe imatchedwanso "crested" kapena "rocky") ili ndi mawonekedwe ochititsa chidwi (mwa njira, chifukwa cha dzina lake) - imakhala ndi mthunzi wowala wa mthunzi pamutu pake. Kuphatikiza apo, penguin watsitsi lagolide alinso ndi nsidze zokongola zamtundu wachikasu zomwe zimathera ngati ngayaye, ndi nthenga zakuda pa korona.

Nyama zowonongekazi zimatha kupikisana ndi zamoyo zina ndi deta yawo yakunja. Kuphatikiza apo, pankhani yophunzira, ndi zolengedwa zoseketsa komanso zosangalatsa. Penguin ya crested imatengedwa kuti ndi yokongola kwambiri komanso yodziwika bwino pakati pa zamoyo zina..

3. Penguin aku Papuan ndi othamanga kwambiri

Penguin amadziwika kuti amakonda kwambiri madzi. Papuan (aka "Subantarctic") amaonedwa kuti ndi yaikulu, koma pambuyo pa achifumu ndi achifumu. Komanso, ndi yachangu! Pokhala pansi pamadzi, imakula mwachangu mpaka 36 km/h.

Komabe, penguin ikakhala yayikulu, imachepetsa liwiro lake chifukwa cha kukana kwamadzi. Mwachitsanzo, achifumu kapena antarctic kusambira pa liwiro la 8,5 Km / h. Nthawi zina penguin iyi imatchedwanso "brush-tailed", chifukwa mchira wake umakhala ndi nthenga zambiri.

2. Ma penguin a polar ndi omwe samva chisanu kwambiri

Penguin ndi nyama zolimba kwambiri zam'madzi. Nthenga zapadera ndi mafuta osanjikiza bwino sizilola kuti zolengedwa zodabwitsazi ziundane.

Kotero, mfumu penguin, mwachitsanzo, imatha kupirira kutentha mpaka -60 ° C, ndipo penguin omwe amakhala ku South Pole (kumene ambiri awo ali) amakhala m'malo otsika kutentha, kufika -80 ° C. Amakumbatirana kuti afunde. Chochititsa chidwi, motere, m'magulu, kutentha kumafika + 30 ° C! Ma penguin a polar ndi omwe samva chisanu kwambiri.

1. Emperor penguin ndi zazikulu kwambiri

Oimira a Penguin amasiyanitsidwa ndi kukongola kwawo, ukadaulo wawo, komanso mawonekedwe osangalatsa. Tikudziwa za mitundu yambiri ya ma penguin, komanso kuchokera m'nkhani yomwe tidamvetsetsa kale imperial - mitundu yayikulu kwambiri. Ikatambasula mpaka kutalika kwake, kutalika kwake ndi 1,1 mita, zimachitika kuti amuna amawoloka mzere wa digito, kufika mamita 1,3.

Kulemera kwapakati kwa emperor penguin ndi 36,7 kg, koma zazikazi zimalemera pang'ono - 28,4 kg. Emperor penguin ndi mbalame yaikulu komanso yakale kwambiri, yomwe ili yosangalatsa - kumasulira kuchokera ku Chigriki chakale, dzina lawo limatanthauza "opanda mapiko". Amamira mozama kwambiri ndipo amakhala omasuka m'madzi.