Axolotl. Kodi kusunga nyama yoteroyo?

Axolotl (Axolotl) ndi mphutsi ya neotenic ya mitundu ina ya ambistoma. Neoteny - kuthekera kwa zamoyo kufika msinkhu wogonana ndikuberekana mu mphutsi kapena kumayambiriro kwa chitukuko. Ena amphibians, nyongolotsi, arthropods ndi mosses ndi ferns ndi luso. Mafuko akale ankadya axolotls, masiku ano kugwira amphibian ndikoletsedwa - zalembedwa mu Red Book, ndipo m'chilengedwe chatsala pang'ono kutha, ndipo ma axolotl ambiri amasungidwa kunyumba. Kunyumba, ma axolotl a ambystoma aku Mexico (Ambystoma mexicanum) nthawi zambiri amasungidwa, nthawi zambiri - ambystoma ambystoma (Ambystoma tigrinum). Axolotl ali ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino: mutu wawukulu wovekedwa korona wokhala ndi ma gill atatu akunja, pakamwa patali ndi mano ang'onoang'ono, ngati akumwetulira nthawi zonse, maso ang'onoang'ono ozungulira. Mchira wa axolotl ndi wopendekeka, wotambalala komanso wautali, wokhala ndi zipsepse kuyambira pakati pa msana. Thupi laphimbidwa ndi khungu losalala lomwe lili ndi mizere yolunjika m'mbali.

Axolotl amatha kupuma ndi mphuno ndi mapapo. Chinthu china chochititsa chidwi cha axolotl ndikutha kukonzanso ziwalo za thupi zomwe zatayika, monga mphuno ndi miyendo, ngakhale mafupa amakula ndikubwezeretsanso ntchito. Kukula kwa axolotl wamkulu ndi pafupifupi 20-25 cm, kawirikawiri kukula kuposa 35 cm.

Ma Axolotls amatha kukhala amitundu yosiyanasiyana (morph): Wakuthengo / Wachibadwa - "wakuthengo" amtundu wa imvi-bulauni, Melanistic - wakuda kwambiri, Mkuwa - mawanga akuda pamtundu wofiyira, Mosaic - mawanga agolide osafanana amwazikana pathupi lakuda, Leucistic - woyera ndi gills owala , ofanana ndi albino, koma ndi maso achikuda, Dirty Leucistic - incomplete pigmentation, mwachisawawa amakhala wakuda kapena bulauni mawanga pa thupi loyera, Gold Albino - golide chikasu yowala axolotls ndi kuwala chikasu maso, ndi White Albino - albinos woyera. ndi maso owala komanso mwana wofiyira.

Momwe mungasungire axolotl?

Mukamasunga ma axolotl, ndikofunikira kuganizira zinthu zina zofunika zomwe zingakhudze moyo ndi thanzi la cholengedwa chodabwitsa ichi.

Kutentha ndi chiyero cha madzi

Mfundo zofunika kwambiri kusunga axolotl ndi kutentha ndi chiyero cha madzi. M'chilengedwe, amakhala m'malo ozizira, momwe kutentha kwamadzi kumasungidwa pafupifupi madigiri 13-20 ndi pansi. Ndikofunikiranso kusunga kutentha kwamadzi mu aquarium - kuwonjezeka kwa kutentha pamwamba pa 23-24 madigiri kumawononga axolotl. Kuti muziziritsa madzi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zoziziritsa kukhosi zonse zam'madzi - firiji yapadera, koma nthawi zambiri imakhala yokwera mtengo, kapena gwiritsani ntchito zida zoziziritsa kuziziritsa zomwe zimatha kuziziritsa madzi ndi madigiri pafupifupi 5, komanso masiku otentha kuzirala kwina ndi mabotolo a ayezi. Zozizira zikayatsidwa, madzi amasanduka nthunzi mofulumira; m'malo mwake, muyenera kuwonjezera madzi ozizira abwino. Madzi ayenera kukhala oyera, acidity yamadzi (pH) - 7-8, kuuma (dH) - 6-16. Mukhoza kuchotsa zinyalala pansi ndi siphon, ndipo nthawi zonse - kamodzi pa sabata, yesetsani kusintha madzi (20-30%) kwa madzi atsopano, okhazikika bwino kwa tsiku limodzi.

Zida za Aquarium, nthaka ndi aquarium

Kwa munthu wamkulu wa axolotl, zimatengera malita 40 a madzi, makamaka ochulukirapo. Aquarium iyenera kukhala yopingasa, kutalika kwa 50 cm kwa munthu m'modzi, komanso kukhala ndi malo akulu pansi. Komanso, aquarium iyenera kukhala ndi chivindikiro. Ndikofunikira kuyika fyuluta yamkati kapena yakunja yokhala ndi compressor mu aquarium. Kuthamanga kwa madzi ndi mpweya sikuyenera kukhala kolimba kwambiri, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito phokoso la chitoliro kuti muphwanye kutuluka kapena kungowongolera jeti yotuluka mu fyuluta pakhoma. Ndikofunikira kuyeretsa zosefera munthawi yake, chifukwa ma axolotl amatulutsa zinyalala zambiri. Nthaka iyenera kukhala yosalala, yopanda m'mphepete, kuti axolotl isavulaze khungu lonyowa, komanso kachigawo kakang'ono, kamene kamakhala pakamwa pa amphibians, kuti sikanameze, ngati njira, isunge popanda nthaka. . Nyali sayenera kukhala yowala, axolotl idzakhala yabwino kwambiri pakuwala kosiyana.

Zokongoletsera, malo okhala, zomera

Ma Axolotl ali ndi vuto la maso ndipo sakonda kuwala kowala, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa malo okhala mu aquarium. Zokongoletsera ndi zogona mu aquarium ziyeneranso kukhala zopanda zinthu zakuthwa. Miyala ikuluikulu, matabwa a driftwood, miphika yayikulu ya ceramic, zokongoletsera zopanda pake, ngakhale mapaipi apulasitiki angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati zokongoletsera ndi zogona. Ndikofunikira kuti pazokongoletsa mabowo onse ndi akulu kuposa axolotl okha, ndipo sangathe kukakamira paliponse. Zomera zitha kubzalidwa, koma sankhani mbewu zanthete zokhala ndi mizu yabwino, kapena kuyika ndikumangiriza kuchokera mumiphika, popeza axolotl ndi yopusa komanso yosawona bwino, ndipo imatha kugwera muzomera. Axolotl samasamala ngati mbewuyo ili ndi moyo, kotero kuti mbewu zopanga zingagwiritsidwenso ntchito, kachiwiri, popanda m'mphepete ndi ngodya zakuthwa, kuchokera kuzinthu zapamwamba zomwe sizitulutsa zinthu zovulaza m'madzi.

Kodi ndizotheka kutenga axolotl m'manja mwanu?

Kutentha kwa manja a munthu kumatentha kwambiri pakhungu lolimba la axolotl wamadzi ozizira. Zikachitika mwadzidzidzi, manja ayenera kuziziritsidwa, koma ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito ukonde waukulu kuti muwake.    

Kodi mungasunge axolotl ndi nyama zina zam'madzi?

Ndikofunikira kusunga ma axolotl mumtundu wamtundu wa aquarium, pomwe ma axolotl okha ndi omwe amasungidwa. Adzadya nsomba zazing'ono ndi shrimp, makamaka usiku. Anthu okhalamo amatha kuvulaza kale axolotl yokha, kukanda, kuluma, nsomba zogwira ntchito zimadula m'mphepete mwa ma gill. Nthawi zambiri kutentha kwamadzi kotereku sikoyenera kwa anthu ena okhala m'madzi. Axolotls, kuwonjezera apo, amadziwika ndi kudya anthu, munthu wamkulu amatha kudya kakang'ono. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuti ma axolotl onse okhala pamodzi akhale ofanana kukula kwake.

Kodi kudyetsa axolotl?

Axolotl ndi nyama yolusa ndipo imadya nyama. Maziko a zakudya zapakhomo axolotls akhoza kudulidwa nsomba zam'nyanja (mussels, squid, octopus), shrimp yaiwisi (osati yophika), nsomba zopanda mafupa zopanda mafupa, crickets zochotsa miyendo, nyongolotsi zazing'ono kapena zodulidwa, mphutsi zamagazi. Ndi zotsirizirazi, muyenera kusamala, chifukwa chiopsezo cha poizoni ndi chachikulu. Ngati chakudyacho chilibe moyo, chikhoza kuperekedwa ndi ma tweezers, makamaka ndi nsonga yofewa ya mphira, popeza ma axolotls sawona bwino, amakhudzidwa ndi kayendetsedwe kake, ndikugwira nyama ndi nsonga yakuthwa. Sikoyenera kupatsa nkhuku nyama, ng'ombe, ndi nyama zina ku axolotls, chifukwa ndizosagawika kwa iwo. Dyetsani axolotl wamkulu 1-2 pa sabata. Ngati mutatha kudyetsa pali zidutswa za chakudya pansi, mukhoza kuzichotsa ndi ukonde kapena siphon, kuti musawononge madzi.

Kubereka kwa axolotls

Kubereketsa axolotls kunyumba nthawi zambiri kumakhala kosavuta. Kutha msinkhu mu mphutsi kumachitika pafupi ndi chaka chimodzi. 

Asanaberekedwe, amuna ndi akazi ayenera kulekanitsidwa kwa milungu ingapo ndipo kutentha kwa zomwe zili kuyenera kuchepetsedwa ndi madigiri angapo. Opanga amafunika kudyetsedwa bwino, pambuyo pake amaikidwa m'madzi osiyana a aquarium. Ubwamuna utatha, amaikira mazira. Mazira akaikira, obereketsa ayenera kuchotsedwa chifukwa akhoza kudya mazirawo. Kuti mazira akule bwino, kusintha kwa madzi tsiku ndi tsiku ndikofunikira. Kuphatikiza apo, mazira onse oyeretsedwa ayenera kuchotsedwa mu aquarium, kuti asawononge madzi ndi kuwonongeka kwa mazira ena onse.

Pambuyo pa masiku 14-16, pambuyo pake timphutsi tating'ono tating'ono timatuluka m'mazira. Pochoka dzira, mwachangu amakhala ndi gills, koma alibe miyendo. Miyendo yakumbuyo imawonekera mkati mwa sabata, miyendo yakutsogolo m'miyezi 3-4.

Kwa pafupifupi sabata amadya mothandizidwa ndi yolk sac, kenako amasintha ku chakudya - "fumbi lamoyo", ndipo kenako ndi daphnia yaying'ono, cyclops. Ndikofunika kuti musadyetse ana mopambanitsa, komanso kuwadyetsa mokwanira kuti akule ndikukula bwino. Ma axolotl omwe akukula pang'onopang'ono amayamba kupereka chakudya chofanana ndi akuluakulu, kudula kuti athe kuchimeza. Ndikofunikira kukhala pansi nthawi zonse mwachangu akamakula, chifukwa kudya anthu kumakhala kofala.

Ndi zomwe zili zoyenera, chiweto chachilendo chotere, axolotl, chidzakusangalatsani ndi thanzi komanso khalidwe losangalatsa kwa zaka 10-15.