DCMP mwa agalu ndi dilated cardiomyopathy

Za DCM mu agalu

Mbali yakumanzere ya mtima imakhudzidwa nthawi zambiri ndi agalu omwe ali ndi DCM, ngakhale pali zochitika zowonongeka kumanja kapena mbali zonse panthawi imodzi. Matendawa amadziwika ndi kupatulira kwa minofu ya mtima, chifukwa chomwe mtima sungathe kugwira bwino ntchito yake ya contractile. Pambuyo pake, pali kusayenda kwa magazi mu mtima, ndipo kumawonjezeka kukula. Choncho, congestive heart failure (CHF) imachitika, ndiyeno

arrhythmiasKuphwanya pafupipafupi komanso kutsata kwa kugunda kwa mtima, imfa yadzidzidzi.

Matendawa amatha kudziwika ndi njira yobisika kwa nthawi yayitali: nyama ilibe zizindikiro zachipatala, ndipo matendawa amatha kudziwika pokhapokha pakuwunika kwa mtima.

Zomwe agalu omwe ali ndi vutoli zimasiyana malinga ndi mtundu wake komanso momwe zimakhalira panthawi yololedwa. Odwala omwe ali ndi CHF nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi chiyembekezo choyipa kuposa omwe alibe panthawi yopita kuchipatala. Cardiomyopathy iyi siisinthanso, ndipo odwala nthawi zambiri amakhala nayo moyo wawo wonse.

Zimayambitsa matenda

DCM mwa agalu ikhoza kukhala yoyamba kapena yachiwiri.

Mawonekedwe oyambirira amagwirizanitsidwa ndi cholowa, ndiko kuti, kusintha kwa jini kumachitika, komwe kumapatsira ana ndikuwononga.

myocardiumMinofu yamtundu wamtundu wamtima.

Fomu yachiwiri, yomwe imatchedwanso phenotype ya dilated cardiomyopathy mwa agalu, imachitika chifukwa cha zinthu zosiyanasiyana: matenda opatsirana, kusokonezeka kwapakati pamtima kwa nthawi yayitali, kukhudzana ndi mankhwala enaake, zomwe zimayambitsa zakudya (kuchepa kwa L-carnitine kapena taurine). ), matenda a endocrine (matenda a chithokomiro). Zomwe zimafotokozedwa zidzayambitsa zizindikiro ndi kusintha kwa mtima mofanana ndi mawonekedwe oyambirira.

Kukonzekera kwa mitundu ku DCMP

Nthawi zambiri, DCMP imakula mumitundu yotere: Dobermans, Great Danes, Irish Wolfhounds, Boxers, Newfoundlands, Dalmatians, St. Bernards, Caucasian Shepherd Dogs, Labradors, English Bulldogs, Cocker Spaniels ndi ena. Koma matendawa samangopezeka ku mitundu yeniyeni. Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, ndizofanana ndi mitundu yonse yayikulu komanso yayikulu ya agalu. Zinapezekanso kuti mwa amuna, ma pathology ndi ofala kwambiri kuposa akazi.

zizindikiro

Monga lamulo, zizindikiro zachipatala zimawonekera kumapeto kwa matendawa, pamene kusintha kwapangidwe kwa myocardium kumayambitsa kukanika kwa mtima, ndipo njira zonse zosinthira thupi zimasokonekera. Zizindikiro za DCM mwa agalu zimasiyanasiyana malinga ndi siteji ya matendawa, ndipo amatha kuwonekera mwadzidzidzi ndikupita patsogolo mofulumira. Zinyama zomwe zimakhudzidwa nthawi zambiri zimawona: kupuma pang'ono, chifuwa, kuchepa kwa masewera olimbitsa thupi, kukomoka, kuchepa kwa njala, kuchepa thupi,

ascitesMadzi m'mimba.

Kuzindikira kwa dilated cardiomyopathy

Ntchito yaikulu ya matenda ndi kuzindikira matenda adakali siteji ndi kuchotsa nyama kuswana. Zonse zimayamba ndi kusonkhanitsa anamnesis, kufufuza nyama, panthawi yomweyi

chikhalidweKumvetsera pachifuwa ndi fonindoscope. Kumakuthandizani kuzindikira kung'ung'udza mu mtima, kuphwanya mungoli mtima.

Kuti awone momwe zinthu zilili, kuyezetsa magazi ndi biochemical magazi kumachitika, kuphatikiza ma electrolyte, mahomoni a chithokomiro, komanso chizindikiro chofunikira cha kuwonongeka kwa myocardial - troponin I.

Kwa mitundu monga Dobermans, Irish Wolfhounds ndi Boxers, pali mayesero a majini kuti adziwe majini omwe amachititsa vutoli.

X-ray pachifuwa ndi yothandiza pozindikira zinthu monga venous congestion, pulmonary edema, pleural effusion, komanso kuyesa kukula kwa mtima.

Kuwunika kwa mtima kwa Ultrasound kumapereka chidziwitso cholondola kwambiri cha kukula kwa gawo lililonse la mtima, makulidwe a khoma, kuwunika kwa ntchito ya contractile.

Electrocardiogram (ECG) imatha kuyeza kugunda kwa mtima wanu ndikuzindikira kugunda kwamtima kulikonse. Komabe, kuwunika kwa Holter ndiye muyezo wagolide pakuzindikira ma arrhythmias. Mofanana ndi anthu, agalu amapatsidwa chipangizo chonyamula katundu chimene amavala kwa maola 24. Panthawi yonseyi, kugunda kwa mtima kumalembedwa.

Chithandizo cha DCM mwa agalu

Chithandizo cha canine dilated cardiomyopathy zimadalira siteji ya matendawa ndi kuopsa kwake.

matenda a hemodynamicZosokoneza magazi.

Pali magulu angapo a mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa matenda awa. Yaikulu ndi:

• Mankhwala a cardiotonic. Pimobendan ndiye woimira wamkulu wa gululi. Imawonjezera mphamvu ya kugunda kwa ventricular myocardium ndipo imakhala ndi vasodilating.

• Mankhwala a diuretic omwe ali ndi diuretic effect. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito poletsa mapangidwe amitsempha yamagazi ndi madzi aulere m'mitsempha yachilengedwe - pachifuwa, pericardial, m'mimba.

• Mankhwala a antiarrhythmic. Popeza arrhythmias nthawi zambiri amatsagana ndi matenda a mtima, kuchititsa tachycardia, kukomoka, imfa mwadzidzidzi, mankhwalawa akhoza kuwaletsa.

• Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. ACE inhibitors amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwongolera kuyendayenda komanso kuthamanga kwa magazi.

• Zothandizira: zakudya zochiritsira za nyama zomwe zili ndi matenda amtima, zowonjezera zakudya (taurine, omega 3 fatty acids, L-carnitine).

Prevention

Mitundu ikuluikulu komanso ikuluikulu ya agalu, makamaka omwe ali ndi DCM ngati matenda obadwa nawo, ayenera kuyezetsa mtima wapachaka, echocardiography, ECG, ndipo, ngati kuli kofunikira, kuyang'anira Holter.

Kwa a Dobermans, Boxers, Irish Wolfhounds, mayesero a majini amapezeka kuti adziwe kupezeka kwa matendawa ndikuchotsa mwamsanga nyamayo kuti isabereke.

Chiweto chilichonse chimafunikira chakudya chokwanira. Musaiwale za mankhwala anakonza endo- ndi ectoparasites ndi katemera.

Kunyumba

1. DCM mwa agalu ndi matenda omwe minofu ya mtima imakhala yopyapyala komanso yofooka.

2. Matendawa amapezeka kwambiri pakati pa agalu akuluakulu komanso akuluakulu.

3. Kwa mitundu ina, cardiomyopathy ndi matenda obadwa nawo. Koma zikhoza kuchitika chifukwa cha zifukwa zina (matenda, matenda a endocrine, etc.).

4. Imodzi mwa njira zazikulu zodziwira matenda ndi echocardiography ndi njira yowunikira tsiku ndi tsiku malinga ndi Holter.

5. Ngati matenda apezeka mu mitundu yomwe ili ndi chibadwa, m'pofunika kuchotsa chiweto kuswana.

6. Matendawa akhoza kukhala asymptomatic kwa nthawi yayitali. Zizindikiro zofala kwambiri ndi izi: chifuwa, kupuma movutikira, kutopa, kukomoka. Pochiza, magulu angapo a mankhwala amagwiritsidwa ntchito kutengera mawonetseredwe azachipatala, siteji ya matendawa: mankhwala a cardiotonic, okodzetsa, antiarrhythmic mankhwala, etc.

Sources:

1. Illarionova V. "Zomwe mungadziwire za dilated cardiomyopathy mwa agalu", Zooinform veterinary medicine, 2016. URL: https://zooinform.ru/vete/articles/kriterii_diagnostiki_dilatatsionnoj_kardiomiopatii_sobak/

2. Liera R. «Dilated Cardiomyopathy in Dogs», 2021 URL: https://vcahospitals.com/know-your-pet/dilated-cardiomyopathy-dcm-in-dogs—indepth

3. Prosek R. «Dilated Cardiomyopathy in Dogs (DCM)», 2020 URL: https://www.vetspecialists.com/vet-blog-landing/animal-health-articles/2020/04/14/dilated-cardiomyopathy-in- agalu

4. Kimberly JF, Lisa MF, John ER, Suzanne MC, Megan SD, Emily TK, Vicky KY «Kafukufuku wobwerezabwereza wa dilated cardiomyopathy mu agalu», Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, 2020 URL: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi /10.1111/jvim.15972