Demodicosis mu agalu

Demodex mite - ndi munthu wabwinobwino wokhala pakhungu mwa agalu ndipo amapezeka pakhungu ndi makutu ngakhale mu nyama zathanzi. Imafika pakhungu la ana agalu akhanda kuchokera kwa mayi woyamba 2-3 masiku a moyo. Ndizosatheka kutenga matenda a demodicosis kuchokera kwa galu wodwala; Kupatsirana kwa intrauterine sikuphatikizidwanso. Pakafukufuku wa minyewa ya agalu omwe adafa chifukwa cha matenda osiyanasiyana, majeremusiwa adapezekanso m'matumbo am'mimba, mkodzo, ndowe ndi magazi. Koma zomwe anapezazi zimaonedwa kuti ndi zangozi, chifukwa nkhupakupa imapuma mpweya ndipo, motero, sakanatha kukhala mkati mwa thupi. Kuthamangitsidwa kwa nkhupakupa kulowa m'ziwalo zamkati kumachitika ndi magazi ndi zamitsempha kuchokera pomwe kutupa. Kunja kwa thupi, nthatazi nazonso sizingakhale ndi moyo.

Pafupifupi 80% ya milandu ya demodicosis imapezeka mwa agalu osakhazikika, 20% yokha imapezeka mu nyama zakutchire. Palinso mtundu wamtundu: mwachitsanzo, Scottish Terrier, Shar Pei, Afghan Hound, Great Dane, English Bulldog, West Highland White Terrier, Doberman amadwala nthawi zambiri kuposa ena.

Chithunzi cha demodicosis mu agalu

Zimayambitsa

Chifukwa chachikulu cha chitukuko cha demodicosis mu agalu - Imachepetsedwa chitetezo chokwanira. Chitetezo cha mthupi chikhoza kuchepetsedwa motsutsana ndi maziko a matenda osiyanasiyana omwe amapezeka mu nyama: matenda, kutupa, matenda a shuga, zotupa zoopsa, matenda a endocrine, komanso pa nthawi ya estrus ndi mimba mumagulu. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osiyanasiyana omwe ali ndi immunosuppressive effect (mwachitsanzo, mankhwala ochokera ku gulu la glucocorticosteroids) kumabweretsanso kuchepa kwa chitetezo chamthupi. Kusayenda bwino kwa galu, kudyetsedwa bwino, kusachita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kudzaza, kusowa kwa zipinda zofunda zosungirako nyengo yozizira. - zonsezi zimathandiza kuchepetsa mphamvu ya chitetezo cha mthupi ndipo ikhoza kukhala chinthu chomwe chimayambitsa demodicosis. Chifukwa china cha demodicosis - chilema chobadwa nacho, ndiko kuti, chobadwa nacho. Chilemachi chimakhudza ma lymphocytes (maselo a chitetezo cha mthupi), zomwe zimatsogolera ku kuberekana kosalamulirika kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

Zizindikiro za demodicosis mwa agalu

Chizindikiro choyamba kukayikira kukula kwa matenda galu wanu ndi - uku ndiko maonekedwe a alopecia, ndiko kuti, madera a thupi omwe ali ndi tsitsi komanso kuphwanya kakulidwe katsopano. Zizindikiro zina za demodicosis mu galu zimatha kukhala zofiira ndi kupukuta khungu, mapangidwe a pustules. Chisamaliro chapadera chiyenera kuperekedwa kwa khungu kuzungulira maso, milomo. Mu gawo loyambirira la demodicosis, galu sadzayabwa, ndipo zotupazi sizimayambitsa nkhawa kwa nyama. Kuyabwa kumawonekera kokha pamene matenda achiwiri a bakiteriya kapena mafangasi aphatikizidwa ndi zotupa zomwe zilipo. Mabakiteriya a Staphylococcus (makamaka Staphylococcus pseudintermedius) amapezeka nthawi zambiri, streptococci, mabakiteriya ooneka ngati ndodo ndi yisiti bowa (mtundu wa Malassezia) amakhala ochepa kwambiri. Mu milandu makamaka kunyalanyazidwa, pangakhale kuvutika maganizo ambiri bwino, kukana kudya, nyama mwina kufa ndi sepsis.

Mitundu ya demodicosis

Malinga ndi kufalikira kwa zilonda, munthu akhoza kusiyanitsa pakati pa malo (zochepa zotupa pathupi) ndi demodicosis yodziwika bwino (kugwira malo akuluakulu a khungu). Ndi msinkhu, amagawidwa kukhala achinyamata (demodicosis mwa ana agalu) ndi agalu akuluakulu. Ndi mtundu wa matenda mawonetseredwe - pustular (pyodemodecosis), papular (nodular), squamous (scaly) ndi osakaniza.

Zapafupi

Nthawi zambiri amapezeka mwa agalu (mpaka chaka chimodzi). Malinga ndi deta yamakono, demodicosis imatengedwa ngati malo ngati pali zotupa zisanu kapena zochepa pa thupi ndi m'mimba mwake mpaka 1 centimita. Zilondazi ndi madera olekanitsidwa bwino, opanda tsitsi, ofiira kapena opanda, komanso kupukuta n'kotheka. Khungu likhoza kukhala ndi bluish-gray tint, comedones (madontho akuda) ndi fungo losasangalatsa nthawi zina limadziwika. Nthawi zambiri, zotupa zoterezi zimapezeka pamphuno, mutu, khosi, miyendo yakutsogolo. Mutha kupeza magalasi a "demodectic" ngati mawonekedwe ofiira kuzungulira maso. Pafupifupi 2,5% ya maphunziro omwe ali m'derali amasandulika kukhala wamba.

Zowonjezera

Chithunzi chachipatala ndi chofanana ndi demodicosis yokhazikika, koma imagwira madera ambiri a khungu la galu. Ndichizoloŵezi chotchedwa generalized demodicosis ngati pali zotupa zoposa 5, kapena zotupazi ndizoposa 2,5 centimita, kapena ngati gawo limodzi la thupi likukhudzidwa lonse (mphuno yonse, mwendo wonse, ndi zina zotero). . Zizindikiro za matenda monga dazi, peeling, comedones, mdima pakhungu. Nthawi zambiri, kuwonjezera kwa bakiteriya kapena mafangasi yachiwiri, zomwe zimayambitsa ziphuphu ndi pustules, zithupsa (kutupa m'dera la mizu ya tsitsi, ndiko kuti, kale m'zigawo zakuya za khungu) ndi fistula. Ndi kusiyana kwa maphunzirowa, kuyabwa kudzakhala gawo lofunika kwambiri la matendawa, ndipo m'kupita kwa nthawi kudzakhala kumverera kowawa kwambiri. Muzochitika zapamwamba kwambiri, munthu ayenera kuyembekezera kuwonjezeka kwa ma lymph nodes, kuchepa kwa njala, ndi kupsinjika maganizo kwa chikhalidwe. Popanda chithandizo, chiweto chimafa msanga.

Generalized demodicosis imaphatikizansopo kuwonongeka kwa mite ku miyendo ya galu. - pododemodecosis. Mukhoza kuona kutupa kwa paws, mdima wa khungu, interdigital cysts, fistulous ndime ndi outflows chikhalidwe chosiyana ndi iwo, olumala chifukwa cha ululu. Galuyo nthawi zonse amanyambita miyendo, makamaka zomangira ndi pakati pa zala. Atha kukhala aukali poyesa kutsuka zikhadabo zawo mukayenda. Podomodecosis ndizovuta kuchiza.

Nthawi zina, ngakhale ngalande za makutu zimakhudzidwa, zomwe zimayambitsa otitis externa (otodemodicosis). Mtundu uwu wa zilonda umanenanso za mawonekedwe onse. Mutha kuwona kufiira kwamkati mwa makutu, kutulutsa kofiirira, fungo losasangalatsa la makutu. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, galu akhoza kugwedeza mutu wake, kupukuta makutu ake pazinthu zosiyanasiyana, komanso kukanda makutu ndi malo omwe ali pafupi ndi makutu (masaya, khosi).

Achinyamata

Demodicosis yaunyamata ndi matenda a ana agalu omwe ali ndi zaka 6 mpaka 12. Mtundu uwu wa demodicosis pafupifupi nthawi zonse umayamba chifukwa cha cholowa cholowa m'thupi, ndiko kuti, mmodzi wa makolowo anali kudwala. The chamoyo cha ana agalu sangathe paokha kulamulira chiwerengero cha nkhupakupa, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa anthu awo ndipo zimayambitsa matenda mawonetseredwe a matenda. Ziweto zotere zimayenera kuchotsedwa kuti zisamawete kuti matendawa asafalikire. Zizindikiro zina zachipatala zimatengera momwe matendawa amakhalira (okhazikika kapena okhazikika).

nyama zazikulu

Mu nyama zazikulu, chitukuko cha matendawa nthawi zambiri chimagwirizana ndi kuchepa kwa chitetezo chamthupi motsutsana ndi maziko a matenda oyamba. Choncho, pamene demodicosis imapezeka mwa agalu akuluakulu, kufufuza bwino kwa thanzi labwino kumafunikanso: kufufuza kwathunthu kwa thupi ndi maphunziro owonjezera. Chisamaliro chapadera chiyenera kuperekedwa pakufufuza matenda monga shuga mellitus, hypothyroidism, hyperadrenocorticism, ndi zotupa zowopsa. Malingana ndi deta, chithandizo chopambana cha matenda opatsirana chimapereka chikhululukiro chabwino cha demodicosis. Komabe, oposa theka la agalu amene anapimidwa kwathunthu sanasonyeze matenda ena. Chifukwa china cha demodicosis mu nyama zazikulu ndikugwiritsa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe amaperekedwa kuti athetse matenda oyamba.

pustular

Fomu iyi imadziwika ndi maonekedwe a pustules pakhungu. Ma pustuleswa amaphulika pakapita nthawi, zomwe zili mkati mwake zimatuluka ndikuuma. Khungu likhoza kukhala lofiira kapena mdima, limakhala lokwinya komanso lolimba, ndipo fungo losasangalatsa limawonekera. Matenda a pakhungu amapezeka mofulumira ndipo amafalikira ku ziwalo zina za thupi zomwe poyamba sizinakhudzidwe ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

Zolemba

Ndi mawonekedwe awa, ozungulira, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala ofiira komanso ocheperako amatha kuwonedwa m'malo osiyanasiyana a thupi, m'mimba mwake amatha kufika mamilimita 1-6. Manodulowa amatha kuyabwa mwa galu, koma sangayambitsenso nkhawa.

Squamous

Ndi mtundu wa squamous, zilonda zazing'ono, zowoneka bwino zimawonekera pakhungu la galu, zophimbidwa ndi mamba ngati bran. M'kupita kwa nthawi, amayamba kuphatikizana, m'malo awa pali kuwonjezeka tsitsi.

obwerawa

Zilonda zamtunduwu zimaphatikizapo zizindikiro zonse zachipatala zomwe zili pamwambazi (papules, pustules ndi mamba) ndipo zimakhala zovuta kwambiri, zomwe zimakhumudwitsa kwambiri chiweto.

Diagnostics

Matendawa amapangidwa momveka bwino, poganizira mbiri yakale (madandaulo malinga ndi mwiniwake, mbiri yachipatala), kuyezetsa thupi, ndi ma laboratory. Waukulu njira kutsimikizira matenda ndi microscope wa khungu scrapings. Kukwapula ndikofunikira kuchokera kumadera onse okhudzidwa a thupi. Kupaka kuyenera kukhala kozama mokwanira, kochitidwa ndi scalpel mpaka madontho oyamba a magazi awonekere, popeza nkhupakupa imakhala m'mizere yakuya ya khungu (tsitsi latsitsi). Trichoscopy (kuyesa tsitsi lodulidwa) kapena kuyesa zomatira (kutenga zinthu zokaunika pogwiritsa ntchito tepi yopapatiza) kungakhale kothandiza. Ngati pali ma pustules athunthu m'thupi, ndikofunikira kuchita ma microscope pazomwe zili. Kuti mudziwe, muyenera kupeza nkhupakupa zambiri pamagawo osiyanasiyana akukula kwawo. Kupezeka kwa nkhupakupa imodzi yokha kungakhale kotulukira mwangozi, komabe sikuyenera kunyalanyazidwa kotheratu. Zikatero, scrapings akulimbikitsidwa kuti abwerezedwe pakapita kanthawi (masabata 2-3) kuti amveketse matendawa. Ngati otodemodecosis akukayikira, ndiye kuti ma microscopy a zomwe zili mu ngalande zakunja zimachitidwa. Nthawi zina zokayikitsa, kuwunika kwapakhungu komwe kumayesedwa ndi histological kumatha kuperekedwa. Komanso, muzochitika zokayikitsa, chithandizo choyesera chingaperekedwe ndi dokotala, ngakhale kuti matendawa sangatsimikizidwe pa nthawi yoyamba.

Chithandizo cha demodicosis mwa agalu

M'machitidwe amakono ochizira demodicosis mwa agalu, kukonzekera kwapakamwa kotetezeka kwambiri kuchokera ku gulu la isoxazoline (fluralaner, afoxolaner, sarolaner) amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mankhwala oterowo amagwiritsidwanso ntchito poletsa kulumidwa ndi utitiri ndi nkhupakupa mosalekeza, popanda chiopsezo chovulaza thupi akagwiritsidwa ntchito molingana ndi malangizo. Chiwembu cha mankhwala ndi iwo akhoza kukhala osiyana ndipo zimadalira mlingo wa kuwonongeka kwa galu ndi demodicosis ndi enieni mankhwala osankhidwa.

Popanda ndalama kapena mwayi wina wogwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa, njira yochiritsira yachikale yogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala a gulu la avermectin ingagwiritsidwe ntchito. Majekeseniwa amagwira ntchito bwino akamwedwa pakamwa, koma amakhala ndi zotsatirapo zambiri (kudontha, kulefuka, kuyenda modzidzimutsa, kukomoka, ndi chikomokere). Kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo ndikoletsedwa kwa ana osakwana miyezi itatu. Palinso kusalolera kwa mtundu wa mankhwala a gulu ili mu agalu ena (collie, English shepherd galu, Australian shepherd, Scottish shepherd galu ndi mitanda yawo). Izi ndichifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa jini yolakwika m'thupi lawo, chifukwa chomwe molekyulu yamankhwala "imakhalabe" muubongo ndipo sangathe kuisiya, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zovuta zambiri zaubongo.

Pochiza demodicosis, mankhwala ochokera ku gulu la amitraz mu mawonekedwe amadzimadzi amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati malo osambira padziko lonse lapansi, koma kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake kumalumikizidwanso ndi zotsatira zoyipa (kufooka, kuyabwa, urticaria, kusanza, kukana kudya, kuyenda kosakhazikika nthawi zambiri kumatha pambuyo pa maola 12-24).

Palinso umboni wosonyeza kuti macrocyclic lactones amathandiza kwambiri pochiza demodicosis, koma nkhaniyi idakali yotsutsana. Pamaso pa matenda achiwiri, mankhwala am'deralo (mafuta odzola osiyanasiyana ndi ma shampoos) amatha kuperekedwa, makamaka pazifukwa zapamwamba, ma antibayotiki amtundu uliwonse amaperekedwa mulingo wa dermatological.

Ndikofunikira kupitiriza kuchiza demodicosis mwa galu mpaka zotsalira ziwiri zotsatizana zotsatizana zipezeka ndi nthawi ya mwezi umodzi pakati pawo. Chithandizo chikhoza kuwonjezedwa kwa mwezi wina pambuyo pake ngati njira yopewera kuyambiranso. Kubwereranso mu mawonekedwe a maphunziro si osowa. Mankhwala awo amatha kukhala aatali, mpaka miyezi isanu ndi umodzi kapena kupitilira apo. Nyama zotere zimathanso kuchitiridwa chipongwe.

Ngozi kwa anthu

Demodex ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, ndiye kuti, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda pa agalu, koma sitingathe kusokoneza anthu. Ndipo, monga taonera pamwambapa, demodex ndi munthu wabwinobwino wokhala pakhungu la nyama. Zimachulukitsa, zomwe zimayambitsa matenda, pokhapokha pazikhalidwe za chamoyo china (chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa chitetezo cha mthupi kapena chilema cha chibadwa) ndipo, motero, sichimapatsirana.

Prevention

Kupewa kwabwino kwa zochitika za demodicosis ndikusunga chitetezo cha galu pamlingo wapamwamba. Izi zitha kutheka popanga moyo wabwino kwa iye: chakudya chabwino, masewera olimbitsa thupi, chisamaliro komanso chikondi. M`pofunikanso nthawi zonse zodzitetezera kuyezetsa kwa veterinarian kudziwa zotheka pathologies, makamaka nyama zaka 7 zaka. Zinyama zonse zokhala ndi mawonekedwe a demodicosis siziyenera kuswana, chifukwa ndi mwayi waukulu kuti jini ya "demodectic" yolakwika idzaperekedwa kwa ana. Agalu oterowo amatha kuthedwa, zomwe zimalepheretsanso kupezeka kwa matenda mu nsonga pa nthawi ya estrus.

Zovuta zotheka

Zovuta ndi mawonekedwe amtundu wa demodicosis ndi chithandizo chanthawi yake, monga lamulo, sizimawonedwa. Zovuta zazikulu zomwe zingatheke ndi monga matenda achiwiri ndi mabakiteriya ndi fungal agents. Ndi chithandizo chamwadzidzidzi, padzakhalanso kuwonjezeka kwa ma lymph nodes, kuwonjezeka kwa kutentha kwa thupi, kukhumudwa kwakukulu, kukana kudya, kuyabwa kosalekeza. Izi zimatsatiridwa ndi sepsis ndi imfa ya nyama.

Nkhaniyi sikupempha kuchitapo kanthu!

Kuti mudziwe zambiri za vutoli, timalimbikitsa kulankhulana ndi katswiri.

Funsani vet

2 September 2020

Kusinthidwa: February 13, 2021