Wire salamander (Salamandra salamandra)

Woyimilira wamkulu wa banja la Salamandriae, ndiyabwino kwambiri kwa onse oyamba komanso otsogolera apamwamba.

Malo

Moto salamander imapezeka kumpoto kwa Africa, Asia Minor, ku Southern ndi Central Europe, kum'mawa kumafika kumapiri a Carpathians. M'mapiri amakwera mpaka mamita 2000. Imakhala pamapiri amitengo m'mphepete mwa mitsinje ndi mitsinje, imakonda nkhalango zakale za beech zodzaza ndi mphepo.

Kufotokozera

Salamander yamoto ndi nyama yayikulu, yosafika kutalika kwa 20-28 centimita, pomwe kutalika kwapang'ono ndi theka kumagwera pa mchira wozungulira. Amapakidwa utoto wakuda wonyezimira wokhala ndi mawanga achikasu owoneka bwino omwazika thupi lonse. Dzanja lake ndi lalifupi koma lamphamvu, ndi zala zinayi kutsogolo ndi zisanu ku miyendo yakumbuyo. Thupi ndi lalikulu komanso lalikulu. Ilibe nembanemba yosambira. M'mbali mwa mlomo wozungulira mosadukiza muli maso akulu akuda. Pamwamba pa maso pali "nsidze" zachikasu. Kumbuyo kwa maso kuli tiziwalo tating'ono tating'ono - parotids. Mano ndi akuthwa ndi ozungulira. Moto salamanders ndi usiku. Njira yoberekera salamander iyi ndi yachilendo: sichiyikira mazira, koma kwa miyezi 10 imanyamula m'thupi lake, mpaka nthawi yoti mphutsi zitulutse mazira. Posakhalitsa izi zisanachitike, salamander, yemwe amakhala pamphepete mwa nyanja nthawi zonse, amabwera mu mafashoni ndipo amamasulidwa ku mazira, omwe mphutsi 2 mpaka 70 zimabadwa nthawi yomweyo.

Moto salamander mphutsi

Mphutsi nthawi zambiri zimawonekera mu February. Ali ndi mapeyala 3 a gill slits ndi mchira wosalala. Kumapeto kwa chilimwe, matumbo a ana amatha ndipo amayamba kupuma ndi mapapu, ndipo mchira umakhala wozungulira. Tsopano opangidwa mokwanira, salamanders ang'onoang'ono amachoka padziwe, koma adzakhala akuluakulu pa zaka 3-4.

Zomwe zili mu ukapolo

Kuti musunge zozimitsa moto, mudzafunika aquarium. Ngati kuli kovuta kupeza, ndiye kuti aquarium ingakhalenso yoyenera, bola ngati ndi yaikulu 90 x 40 x 30 centimita kwa salamanders 2-3 (amuna awiri samagwirizana). Kukula kwakukulu kotere kumafunika kuti muthe kukhala ndi malo osungira 2 x 20 x 14 centimita. Kutsika kuyenera kukhala kofatsa kapena salamander wanu, atalowamo, sangathe kutulukamo. Madzi ayenera kusinthidwa tsiku lililonse. Pogona, nthaka yamasamba yokhala ndi peat yaying'ono, coconut flakes ndi yoyenera. Salamanders amakonda kukumba, kotero gawo lapansi liyenera kukhala 5-6 centimita. Tsukani milungu iwiri kapena itatu iliyonse. Amatsuka osati aquarium yokha, komanso zinthu zonse zomwe zili mmenemo. ZOFUNIKA! Yesani kugwiritsa ntchito zotsukira zosiyanasiyana. Kuphatikiza pa dziwe ndi zokutira zosanjikiza 12-6 cm, payenera kukhala pogona. Zothandiza: Nsalu, miphika yamaluwa yopindika, matabwa a driftwood, moss, miyala yosalala, ndi zina zotero. Kutentha masana kuyenera kukhala 12-16°C, usiku 20-15°C. Chomera chamoto sichimalekerera kutentha pamwamba pa 16-22 ° C. Chifukwa chake, aquarium imatha kuyikidwa pafupi ndi pansi. Chinyezi chiyenera kukhala chapamwamba - 25-70%. Kuti muchite izi, tsiku lililonse mbewu (zosawopsa kwa chiweto chanu) ndi gawo lapansi limapopera ndi botolo lopopera.

Kudyetsa

Akuluakulu salamanders ayenera kudyetsedwa tsiku lililonse, salamanders achinyamata 2 pa tsiku. Kumbukirani: kudya mopitirira muyeso ndikoopsa kuposa kusayamwitsa! Mu chakudya mungagwiritse ntchito: bloodworms, earthworms ndi mealworms, n'kupanga ng'ombe Taphunzira, yaiwisi chiwindi kapena mitima (musaiwale kuchotsa mafuta onse ndi nembanemba), guppies (2-3 pa sabata).

Njira zachitetezo

Ngakhale kuti salamanders ndi nyama zamtendere, samalani: kukhudzana ndi mucous nembanemba (mwachitsanzo: m'maso) zimayambitsa moto ndi kutsekeredwa m'ndende. Sambani m'manja musanayambe komanso mutagwira salamander. Gwirani salamander pang'ono momwe mungathere, chifukwa imatha kuwotchedwa!