Hamster ya Grasshopper, yotchedwa Scorpion

Kwa anthu ambiri, hamster ndi cholengedwa chosavulaza komanso chokongola chomwe chingathe kudzivulaza chokha. Komabe, kum'mwera chakumadzulo kwa United States, komanso m'madera oyandikana nawo a Mexico, mitundu yapadera ya makoswe imakhala ndi moyo - ziwala wamba hamster, wotchedwanso chinkhanira hamster.

Makoswe amasiyana ndi achibale ake chifukwa ndi mdani ndipo amatha, popanda vuto lililonse, kupirira zotsatira za poizoni wamphamvu kwambiri padziko lapansi - poizoni wa chinkhanira cha American tree, chomwe kuluma kwake kumapha ngakhale anthu.

Komanso, hamster saopa konse kupweteka, kusintha kwapadera kwa thupi la mapuloteni amodzi kumamulola kuti athetse ululu ngati kuli kofunikira ndikugwiritsa ntchito chiwembu champhamvu kwambiri cha scorpion monga jekeseni wa adrenaline. Pa hamster ya ziwala, utsi wa scorpion umakhala ndi mphamvu zotsitsimula, monga kapu ya espresso yofulidwa bwino.

Mawonekedwe

Grasshopper hamster ndi mtundu wa makoswe a hamster subfamily. Kutalika kwa thupi lake sikudutsa 8-14 masentimita, pomwe 1/4 ndi kutalika kwa mchira. Unyinji umakhalanso wochepa - 50 - 70 g okha. Poyerekeza ndi mbewa wamba, hamster ndi yokhuthala ndipo ili ndi mchira wamfupi. Chovalacho ndi chofiira-chikaso, ndipo nsonga ya mchira ndi yoyera, pazanja zake zakutsogolo pali zala 4 zokha, ndi miyendo yakumbuyo 5.

Kuthengo, kutengera komwe kumakhala, mitundu itatu yokha ya makosweyi imapezeka:

1. Kumwera (Onychomys arenicola);
2. Kumpoto (Onychomys leucogaster);
3. Hamster ya Mirsna (Onychomys arenicola).

moyo

Hamster ya ziwala ndi nyama yodya nyama yomwe imakonda kudya osati tizilombo, komanso zolengedwa zofanana. Makoswe amtunduwu amadziwikanso ndi kudya anthu, koma pokhapokha ngati palibe chakudya china chomwe chatsala m'deralo.

Wakupha wosamva mtimayu nthawi zambiri amakhala wausiku ndipo amadya ziwala, makoswe, makoswe ndi nyamakazi zapoizoni za scorpion arthropods.

Makoswe ang'onoang'ono amaposa amphamvu komanso akuluakulu. Nthawi zambiri makoswe amtchire ndi mbewa wamba zakutchire zimagwidwa ndi hamster ya ziwala. Analandira dzina lake lachiwiri ndendende chifukwa, mosiyana ndi zolengedwa zina zonse za kumalo ake, amatha kumenyana ngakhale ndi mdani woopsa komanso woopsa ngati chinkhanira chamtengo, chomwe poizoni wake ndi wopanda vuto kwa hamster.

Panthawi imodzimodziyo, pankhondo yoopsa, hamster imalandira ziphuphu zambiri zamphamvu ndi kuluma kuchokera ku arthropod, koma nthawi yomweyo imapirira ululu uliwonse. Scorpion hamsters ali okha, sasaka gulu ndipo nthawi zambiri amatha kubwera pamodzi kusaka gulu lalikulu la zinkhanira, kapena pa nthawi ya makwerero kuti asankhe bwenzi.

Kubalana

Nthawi yoswana ya ziwala imagwirizana ndi nthawi yoswana ya makoswe onse omwe amakhala kumalo awo. Mosiyana ndi anthu ndi nyama zina zoyamwitsa, kugonana mu hamster sikubweretsa chisangalalo ndipo ndi ntchito yobereka basi.

Nthawi zambiri pamakhala ana a 3 mpaka 6-8 mu zinyalala, omwe m'masiku oyamba a moyo amakhala pachiwopsezo chowopsa chakunja ndipo amafunikira thandizo la makolo komanso zakudya zokhazikika.

Ma hamster obadwa kumene amaphunzira mwachangu muukapolo ndikuwona momwe angawukire wozunzidwayo ngakhale popanda chitsogozo cha makolo - chibadwa chawo chimakula kwambiri.

Kusasitsa kumatenga masabata 3-6, pambuyo pake ma hamster amakhala odziimira okha ndipo safunanso makolo.

Mkwiyo ndi chikhalidwe chobadwa nacho, chimachitika kwa anthu omwe aleredwa ndi makolo awiri. Ana oterowo amatha kuukira mbewa zina ndikusaka kwambiri nyama iliyonse kusiyana ndi ana oleredwa ndi mayi okha.

Pang’onopang’ono, akamakula, achinyamata amasamalira nyumba zawo. Komabe, ma scorpion hamsters samakumba zisa zawo konse, koma amawachotsa kwa makoswe ena, nthawi zambiri amawapha kapena kuwathamangitsa ngati atha kuthawa.

Lirani usiku

Kulira kwa hamster ndi chinthu chodabwitsa kwambiri chojambulidwa pa kamera ya kanema.

Nyama ya ziwala ikulira mwezi wowala ngati nkhandwe, yomwe imawoneka yowopsa kwambiri, koma ngati simumuyang'ana nthawi imodzi, mungaganize kuti iyi ndi nyimbo ya mbalame yausiku.

Amakweza mitu yawo pang'ono, atayima pamwamba pa malo otseguka, amatsegula pang'ono pakamwa pawo ndi kutulutsa phokoso lapamwamba kwambiri kwa nthawi yochepa kwambiri - masekondi 1 - 3 okha.

Kulira koteroko ndi njira yolankhulirana ndi kuyitana pakati pa mabanja osiyanasiyana okhalamo.

Zinsinsi Zotsutsa Poizoni

Hamster ya Grasshopper inakhala chinthu chofufuzidwa kwambiri ndi asayansi a ku America mu 2013. Wolemba phunziroli, Ashley Rove, adachita zoyesera zochititsa chidwi, pambuyo pake zatsopano, zosadziwika kale katundu ndi zizindikiro za rodent yapaderayi zinapezeka.

M'mikhalidwe ya labotale, ma hamster oyesera adabayidwa ndi mulingo wakupha waululu wamtundu wa zinkhanira kwa makoswe. Kuti kuyeserako kukhale koyera, chiphecho chinayambitsidwanso ndi makoswe wamba a labotale.

Pambuyo pa mphindi 5-7, mbewa zonse za labotale zidafa, ndipo makoswe a ziwala, atatha kuchira kwakanthawi kochepa komanso kunyambita mabala omwe adalandira kuchokera ku syringe, anali odzaza ndi mphamvu ndipo samakumana ndi zowawa zilizonse.

Pa gawo lotsatira la kafukufuku, makoswe anapatsidwa mlingo wa formalin, poizoni wamphamvu kwambiri. Makoswe wamba nthawi yomweyo anayamba kukwinyika ndi ululu, ndipo hamster sanaphethire diso.

Asayansi adachita chidwi - kodi ma hamster awa amalimbana ndi ziphe zonse? Kafukufuku anapitilizidwa, ndipo pambuyo pa mayesero angapo ndi kafukufuku wa physiology ya zolengedwa izi, zina mwapadera za makoswe zinawululidwa.

Poizoni walowa m'thupi la hamster si kusakaniza ndi magazi, koma pafupifupi nthawi yomweyo amalowa sodium mayendedwe a mitsempha maselo, amene kufalikira thupi lonse ndi kutumiza zizindikiro ku ubongo za amphamvu ululu kumverera.

Ululu wolandiridwa ndi makoswe ndi wamphamvu kwambiri kotero kuti njira yapadera imalepheretsa kutuluka kwa sodium m'thupi, potero kusandutsa chiphe champhamvu kwambiri kukhala mankhwala opweteka.

Nthawi zonse kukhudzana ndi ziphe kumabweretsa mfundo yakuti pali khola masinthidwe a nembanemba mapuloteni udindo kufala kwa zowawa ku ubongo. Chifukwa chake, chiphecho chimasinthidwa kukhala chopatsa mphamvu chopatsa mphamvu mtsempha wamagazi.

Mawonetseredwe a thupi ngati amenewa ali ofanana ndi zizindikiro za congenital insensitivity (anhidrosis), zomwe zimachitika kawirikawiri mwa anthu ndipo zimakhala mtundu wa kusintha kwa majini.

Ultimate Predator

Choncho, hamster ya ziwala siwopha anthu oyambirira komanso mlenje wausiku, yemwe sagwirizana ndi ziphe ndipo amatha kupirira kuwonongeka kwakukulu popanda kumva kupweteka kwakukulu, komanso nyama yanzeru kwambiri yomwe imaberekanso bwino. Luso la kupulumuka ndi chibadwa cha kusaka zimatipangitsa kuti tizimuwona ngati nyama yolusa, yomwe ilibe wofanana m'gulu lake.