Gray hamster (chithunzi)

Hamster imvi (Cricetulus migratorius) ndi ya mtundu wa hamster imvi ya banja la hamster, gulu la makoswe.

Maonekedwe

Kutalika kwa thupi la nyama kumayambira 9 mpaka 13 cm. Mchira ndi pafupifupi wosabala, waufupi, mpaka 4 cm. Mafotokozedwe a mtundu wa hamster imvi amasiyanasiyana kutengera komwe amakhala, izi ndichifukwa cha ntchito yake yobisala. Ubweya wa Fluffy umapezeka kuchokera ku kuwala kupita ku mdima wandiweyani. Kunsi kwa thupi kumakhala kowala nthawi zonse, fawn. Makutu ndi ang'onoang'ono, ozungulira, palibe malire owala. Paws amakutidwa ndi tsitsi ku ma calluses otchulidwa. Maso akuda ndi zikwama zamasaya za makoswe ndi zazikulu.

Habitat

Mitunduyi nthawi zambiri imakhala m'mapiri athyathyathya ndi mapiri, m'chipululu, koma nthawi zina amasankha agrolandscape ngati malo okhala. Pa gawo la Russia, malo okhala kumaphatikizapo kum'mwera kwa gawo la European dziko, kum'mwera kwa Western Siberia ndi Caucasus.

moyo

Hamster imvi imakhala yausiku, nthawi zina imagwira ntchito masana. Pofunafuna chakudya, amasamuka kwambiri, koma nthawi zambiri sachoka panyumba mtunda wautali. Kawirikawiri ndi 200-300 mamita. Komabe, zidapezeka kuti ngakhale patali mamita 700 kuchokera kunyumba, hamster imvi imatha kupeza njira yobwerera kwawo.

Makoswe nthawi zambiri amakumba dzenje, amakonda kukhala m'nyumba zosiyidwa ndi timadontho, mbewa, makoswe kapena agologolo. Nthawi zina amapezeka m'malo otetezedwa achilengedwe (mayenje m'matanthwe kapena poyika miyala). Apo ayi, amadzipangira dzenje, akupita pansi pamtunda wa 30-40 cm. Kuwonjezera pa malo osungiramo zisa mu dzenje, nthawi zonse palinso malo osungiramo chakudya - nkhokwe.

M'nyengo yozizira, nyamayo imatha kugwera mu hibernation yosazama (izi ndizofala kwambiri kwa hamsters okhala kumpoto kapena kumapiri), koma nthawi zambiri amawonekera pamtunda komanso kutentha kochepa.

Gray hamster amaswana kuyambira Epulo mpaka Seputembala, panthawiyi ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku za nyama zimakula. Mimba imatenga masiku 15 mpaka 20, ndipo panthawi yachikazi imatha kubweretsa malita atatu a ana 3-5 aliyense. Kukula kwakung'ono kumakhazikika pazaka mpaka 10 milungu.

Kuchulukaku kumatengera kuchuluka kwa mvula panyengo yoswana: kumawonjezeka m'zaka zouma, koma kumakhalabe kochepa. Hamster imvi imakonda kukhala payekha; magulu akuluakulu amtundu uwu ndi osowa kwambiri. Adani achilengedwe ndi mbalame zodya nyama (harrier, kadzidzi) ndi zinyama (nkhandwe, ferret, ermine). Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndi feteleza wachilengedwe kungakhudzenso kuchuluka.

Nyama ndi yodzichepetsa pazakudya - omnivorous. Zokonda zimaperekedwa ku chakudya chambewu, mbewu zazing'ono ndi ma inflorescences a chimanga.

Nthawi zina nyama imatha kudya mbali zanthete za zomera zobiriwira, koma sizimadya zakudya zokhala ngati udzu wakuthengo, mosiyana ndi momwe zimakhalira. Mofunitsitsa imvi hamster amadya kafadala, mphutsi, nkhono, mbozi, nyerere, tizilombo mphutsi.

Njira zotetezera mitundu

Malo okhala nyama ndi ambiri, koma chiwerengero cha nyama sichochuluka. Ngati theka lazaka zapitazo nyamayo inali yofala kwambiri ku steppe, tsopano ndizosowa kwambiri. Palibe manambala enieni.

M'madera ambiri a Russia, hamster imvi amalembedwa m'chigawo Red Book. Zigawo zomwe zimapatsa mitundu yamtundu wa III (zamoyo zosawerengeka, zosawerengeka, zosaphunzira bwino): Lipetsk, Samara, Tula, Ryazan, Chelyabinsk zigawo.

Mikhalidwe yomangidwa

Mu ukapolo, mtunduwo ndi wodzichepetsa, zomwe zimakhala m'ndende sizimasiyana ndi malingaliro a hamster wagolide. Ngakhale kuti m'chilengedwe hamster imvi imadya mbewu zosiyanasiyana ndi zakudya za nyama, kunyumba ndi bwino kusankha chosakaniza chokonzekera cha makoswe. Izi zidzapereka chakudya chokwanira. Mu khola lalikulu, gudumu lothamanga, mbale yakumwa ndi nyumba yaying'ono ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa. Pang’ono ndi pang’ono, nyamayo imazolowerana ndi mwiniwake, n’kuyamba kuzindikira nkhope yake ndi manja ake. Nthawi zina, hamster imvi imatha kukumbukira dzina lake ndikubwera kuyitana. Nyama yokongola ya maso akulu imeneyi imatha kukhala chiweto chabanja ngati zosowa zake zapang'onopang'ono zikwaniritsidwa ndi kusamalidwa pang'ono.