Matenda apakhungu agalu: zithunzi za matenda ndi chithandizo

Ganizirani zazikulu zapakhungu matenda agalu ndi mafotokozedwe ndi zithunzi za matenda.

Matenda a Khungu mwa Agalu: Zofunika

1. Matenda a pakhungu agalu ndi ofala kwambiri pazowona zanyama.

2. Matenda ambiri ali ndi zizindikiro zachipatala zofanana kwambiri, choncho n'zosatheka kufotokoza matenda pokhapokha poyang'ana maso.

3. Nthawi zambiri chithandizocho chimakhala chamoyo wonse ndipo chimafuna kuwunika pafupipafupi ndi dokotala.

4. Zizindikiro zazikulu ndi mawanga ofiira pakhungu, ziphuphu, ma pustules, kukanda, mabala a dazi, peeling.

5. Musanayeze dokotala, simuyenera kuchita nokha chithandizo chilichonse chapakhungu, chifukwa izi zidzasokoneza chithunzicho ndikupangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuzindikira.

6. Pofuna kupewa matenda a pakhungu, m'pofunika kusunga chiweto m'chipinda choyera, kuchiza majeremusi nthawi zonse, komanso kupewa kukhudzana ndi nyama zomwe zimakayikira matenda a khungu.

Zizindikiro zodziwika bwino

Pali zizindikiro zodziwika bwino zomwe zingasonyeze khungu la galu.

Mawanga ofiira pamimba ya galu

Mawanga ofiira pamimba mwa agalu amapezeka nthawi zambiri. M'mimba ndi m'mimba, amawonekera kwambiri, popeza tsitsi silili lakuda kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri amatha kuwonedwa ngati matupi awo sagwirizana ndi momwe khungu limayankhira kulowa kwa allergen m'thupi. Tikambirana za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ziwengo mwatsatanetsatane pansipa. Madontho ofiira ooneka ngati mphete pa thupi la galu amawonetsa kulumidwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda monga udzudzu ndi midges, makamaka amakonda malo opanda tsitsi pakhungu.

zilonda zapakhungu

Chilonda ndi kwambiri yotupa chotupa cha zimakhala ndi kuphwanya umphumphu, chilonda amachiritsa makamaka ndi mapangidwe chipsera. Zilonda za m'mimba, msana ndi mbali zina za thupi la galu, zofanana ndi zilonda zam'mimba, zikhoza kusonyeza matenda aakulu a khungu. Komanso, zilonda zimatheka chifukwa cha kutentha kwa mankhwala, kusokonezeka kwa magazi kapena kuyendetsedwa kwa mitsempha m'derali. Zotupa zowopsa nthawi zambiri zimatha kuwoneka ngati zilonda.

Kukwiya m'mimba kapena m'mimba mwa galu

Kukwiya kuyenera kumveka ngati kupezeka kwa ziphuphu (ziphuphu) ndi pustules (pustules) pakhungu. Nthawi zambiri, maonekedwe a ziphuphu zakumaso pa galu thupi chizindikiro cha kungotengeka bakiteriya kutupa pakhungu. Koma izi zikhoza kukhala choncho ndi matenda a parasitic, ndondomeko ya autoimmune. Mu milandu ya atypical, ngakhale lichen imatha kuwoneka chonchi. Thewera zidzolo amatha kuonekera mu agalu onenepa kwambiri ndi chiwerengero chachikulu cha makwinya (shar pei, bulldogs) chifukwa cha matenda m'makwinya a khungu. Nthawi zina chithandizo chokha ndi opaleshoni ya pulasitiki.

Galu ali ndi zigamba zoyera pamphuno

Kusintha kwa mtundu wa mphuno kukhala woyera kungakhale chifukwa cha zifukwa zingapo.

1. "Zima mphuno"

   Mitundu ina ya agalu imakonda kuwala kwa mphuno m'nyengo yozizira, monga Labrador, Husky, Golden Retriever, Shepherd Dog, Bernese Mountain Galu ndi ena. Matendawa amadziwika kuti "mphuno yachisanu", ndipo amagwirizana ndi kuchepa kwa masana komanso kuletsa kupanga melanin ndi khungu. M’miyezi yachilimwe, mphuno za agalu amenewa zimabwerera ku mtundu wawo wamba.

2. adzithandize

   Vitiligo ndi matenda a chitetezo cha mthupi pamene maselo a pigment amasiya kupangidwa m'madera ena a thupi. Matendawa ndi osasinthika, koma safuna chithandizo, chifukwa sichivulaza thupi.

3. Lupus

   Matenda a autoimmune monga discoid lupus erythematosus atha kukhala chifukwa chakusintha kwa mphuno. Ndi lupus mu galu, muyenera kuyembekezera zizindikiro zina pakhungu, kutumphuka pamphuno, scrotum ndi pads. Matendawa amafunika chithandizo chamankhwala.

4. Uveodermatological syndrome

   Matendawa amagwirizananso ndi chitetezo cha galu ndipo chimachitika chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa maselo a pigment a khungu ndi maselo a chitetezo cha mthupi. Galu ali ndi mphuno yoyera, khungu ndi tsitsi kuzungulira maso, milomo, ndiyeno mbali zina za thupi. Izi limodzi ndi kuwonongeka kwa diso ndi kutupa kwa choroid.

Khungu la agalu n’lonyengerera ndipo tsitsi likuthothoka

Kutaya tsitsi, komwe kumayendera limodzi ndi kupukuta, nthawi zambiri kumakhala chizindikiro cha dermatophytosis (lichen). Kawirikawiri zotupazo zimakhala m'madera pamene matendawa amayamba, koma popanda chithandizo amayamba kufalikira thupi lonse. Tidzakambirana za matendawa mwatsatanetsatane pansipa. Komanso, kutayika tsitsi ndi peeling ndi chikhalidwe cha matenda osiyanasiyana a endocrine, pomwe zigamba za dazi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zofananira mthupi lonse. Mwa agalu omwe ali ndi malaya apamwamba monga Spitz, Chow Chow, Husky, kutayika kwa tsitsi kuyenera kuganiziridwa kuti ndi alopecia X.

Bakiteriya khungu matenda agalu

pyoderma yapamwamba

Pyoderma yapamwamba nthawi zambiri si matenda, koma ndi chiwonetsero cha zifukwa zina. Nthawi zambiri, matenda oyamba agalu omwe ali ndi pyoderma amakhala ziwengo, endocrinopathies, kuvulala pang'ono. Choyambitsa chachikulu cha pyoderma ndi staphylococcus aureus (Staphylococcus pseudintermedius), ngakhale pakhungu labwinobwino, bakiteriya iyi imatha kupezeka pang'ono. Pazikhalidwe zabwino, staphylococcus imayamba kuchulukana ndikupangitsa kusintha kwa khungu. Kuzindikira kumatengera mawonekedwe azachipatala komanso zotsatira za kafukufuku wa cytological kuchokera ku zotupazo.

zizindikiro

Ndi pyoderma yachiphamaso, agalu nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi ziphuphu pathupi, ma pustules, khungu lopanda tsitsi, makutu, mamba, ndi mabala a khungu. Zilonda zofanana ndi kutentha kwa prickly mu galu zimasonyezanso matenda a bakiteriya nthawi zambiri. Nthawi zambiri galu amayabwa kwambiri, kudzikanda, kuwononga ndi kukulitsa mkhalidwewo.

chithandizo

Pochiza pyoderma, choyamba ndikofunikira kupeza chomwe chidayambitsa. Pofuna kuthana ndi kukula kwa bakiteriya, mankhwala oletsa antibacterial amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Choyamba, mankhwala am'deralo ndi chlorhexidine, benzoyl peroxide, monga shampoos, gel osakaniza, njira zothetsera. Ngati zotupazo ndi zazikulu, ndiye kuti mankhwala opha maantibayotiki okhala ndi nthawi yayitali atha kuperekedwa.

pyoderma yakuya

Deep pyoderma ndi matenda achiwiri, koma amasiyana ndi kuwonongeka kwa zigawo zakuya za khungu. Apa, chomwe chimayambitsa nthawi zambiri chimakhala kugonjetsedwa kwa galu ndi demodicosis, chifukwa nthata izi zimachulukitsa tsitsi. Komanso, zigawo zakuya zimakhudzidwa ndi ndondomekoyi ngati chithandizo cha pyoderma chapamwamba sichinayambe pa nthawi yake. Mankhwala, kutentha kwa kutentha ndi kuvulala kwina kumapangitsa kuti pakhale matenda aakulu a khungu.

zizindikiro

Zotupa zidzawonekera kwambiri kuposa ndi matenda ongowoneka chabe. Kuwonjezera mmene zidzolo pamimba galu, munthu akhoza kuona maonekedwe a zithupsa, zilonda, fistulous mipata ndi kutha.

chithandizo

Chithandizo nthawi zambiri chimaphatikiza kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala apakhungu ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Shampoos, zothetsera, ma gels amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo, maantibayotiki amalembedwa potengera zotsatira za phunziro la chikhalidwe. Maantibayotiki ayenera kumwedwa mu dermatological, ndiko kuti, mu Mlingo wapamwamba, maphunzirowo amakhala osachepera masabata a 4 ndi masabata ena a 2 mutatha kuchira. Mankhwala oletsa kuyabwa angagwiritsidwe ntchito.

Matenda apakhungu agalu omwe amayamba chifukwa cha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda

demodecosis

Demodicosis ndi matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a canine Demodex canis. Ndi kulakwa kutcha Demodex tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, chifukwa nthata izi zimakhala mu zikopa za khungu la agalu, osati pansi pa khungu. Nthawi zambiri, nthata imeneyi imapezeka mumtundu umodzi pakhungu la agalu onse, koma imayamba kuchulukirachulukira ndikuyambitsa matenda pokhapokha pakakhala zinthu zabwino, nthawi zambiri motsutsana ndi maziko a kuchepa kwa chitetezo chokwanira chathupi. Matendawa amatsimikiziridwa pochita zotupa zakuya kuchokera ku zotupa zonse.

zizindikiro

Zizindikiro zake zazikulu ndi kuthothoka kwa tsitsi komanso kusenda. Nthawi zambiri mumatha kupeza tsitsi lozungulira maso, otchedwa "magalasi". Madontho akuda pathupi (ma comedones) amawoneka bwino m'malo opanda tsitsi a thupi. Pa gawo loyambirira, galu sadzayabwa, koma popanda chithandizo, matenda achiwiri amalumikizana ndi demodicosis, ndipo amayamba kuyabwa. Ndiye kudzakhala kotheka kuzindikira maonekedwe a ziphuphu, pustules, kukanda, kufiira kwa khungu, galu adzachita mosasamala.

chithandizo

Muzochitika zochepa, chithandizo cha demodicosis sichifunikira, chifukwa chitetezo chikabwezeretsedwa, chimatha kuchoka chokha. Ndi mawonekedwe amtundu uliwonse, chithandizo chimafunika. Posachedwapa, mankhwala amakono ochokera ku gulu la isoxazoline agwiritsidwa ntchito, ngakhale mlingo umodzi wa iwo ukhoza kugonjetsa matendawa. Nthawi zina kumwa mankhwala kumafunika nthawi yayitali, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oletsa antibacterial kwanuko kapena mwadongosolo. Agalu onse omwe adadwalapo ndi demodicosis yamtundu uliwonse ayenera kusiya kuswana, chifukwa pali mwayi waukulu wofalitsa matendawa kwa ana.

Sarcoptic mankhwala

Sarcoptic mange mwa agalu amayamba ndi mphere Sarcoptes scabiei. Imapatsirana kwambiri pakati pa agalu ndipo imafalikira pakati pa agalu amsewu. Matendawa nthawi zambiri amapangidwa chifukwa cha zizindikiro zachipatala zokha, chifukwa kudziwika kwa nkhupakupa pazitsulo sikungatheke. Chithandizo chopambana chingatsimikizirenso kuti ali ndi matenda.

zizindikiro

Malo okonda kuswana nkhupakupa pa galu ndi madera a makutu ndi mphuno. Khungu m'malo amenewa limakhala lakuda, wandiweyani, wokutidwa ndi crusts ndi nkhanambo, tsitsi kugwa. Galuyo amayabwa kwambiri, amadzipesa yekha. Popanda mankhwala, nkhupakupa imafalikira ku ziwalo zina za thupi ndipo imatha kugwira khungu lonse la nyama.

chithandizo

Kuchiza, njira zomwezo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito polimbana ndi demodicosis. Izi ndi zokonzekera za isoxazoline, topical antibacterial agents, ndi ma shampoos otulutsa kuti achotse kutumphuka. Kuteteza ndiko kusakhudzana ndi nyama zodwala komanso kulandira chithandizo pafupipafupi ndi majeremusi akunja.

Matenda a fungal pakhungu agalu

Dermatophytosis

Dermatophytosis, kapena kungoti ndere, ndi matenda a fungal agalu. Zofala kwa agalu a m'misewu, koma osati opatsirana kwambiri. Kutenga kachilomboka kudzadalira chitetezo chokwanira cha nyama iliyonse. Pali zinthu zinayi zazikulu zomwe zimayambitsa ndere mwa agalu: Microsporum canis, Microsporum gypseum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Microsporum persicolor. Kuzindikira kumachitika ndi kujambula kwa fulorosenti, trichoscopy, kuyesa kwa PCR, ndi chikhalidwe.

zizindikiro

Nthawi zambiri, ndi ndere, foci ya zigamba za dazi ndi peeling zimadziwika. Kukhazikika kwa malo kungakhale kosiyana; kamodzi pa mbali ina ya thupi, bowa amafalikira kwambiri pakhungu, ndipo chifukwa chake, galu akhoza kukhala dazi kwathunthu. Pali atypical mawonekedwe a ndere mu agalu - kerion. Kerion amawoneka ngati zowunda, zowala zapinki zokwezeka pamwamba pakhungu. Nthawi zambiri imakhala pamphuno ya galu ndipo imatha kutchedwa pimple. Kuyabwa pazigawo zoyamba kulibe. Patapita nthawi, zomera zachiwiri za bakiteriya zimalumikizana ndi bowa, zotupa zimatha kukhala zofiira, ndi ziphuphu zambiri, galu amayamba kudzikanda yekha.

chithandizo

Nthawi zambiri, chithandizo cham'deralo ndi chadongosolo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi imodzi. Pakukonzekera kwanuko, njira za hydrogen sulfide laimu ndi enilconazole zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kusankha kumagwera pa itraconazole, ketoconazole, terbinafine. Ndikofunikiranso kuti malowa athandizidwe kuti athetse kufalikira kwa spores m'chilengedwe. Njira zamtundu wa mabomba a utsi okhala ndi antifungal yogwira ntchito ndizoyenera. Utsi umakhazikika m'ming'alu yaying'ono kwambiri, yomwe imapangitsa kuyeretsa bwino.

Matenda a dermatitis

Malassezia dermatitis amayamba chifukwa cha bowa yisiti Malassezia spp. Nthawi zambiri, iyi ndi matenda achiwiri omwe amapezeka motsutsana ndi maziko a chifuwa, matenda a endocrine, demodicosis, seborrhea. Malasseziozny dermatitis nthawi zambiri amatsagana ndi atopic dermatitis. Nthawi zambiri, agalu onse athanzi amakhala ndi bowawa mu unyinji umodzi. Koma m’mikhalidwe yabwino, amachulukana ndi kuyambitsa zizindikiro zina. Matendawa amapangidwa pochita kafukufuku wa cytological wa zotupa pakhungu.

zizindikiro

Nthawi zambiri, Malassezia dermatitis amakhala kuyabwa ndipo galu amakanda ndi kunyambita malo omwe akhudzidwa. Ziphuphu mu galu ndi fungal dermatitis ndizosowa, mosiyana ndi bakiteriya dermatitis. Zizindikiro za matendawa ziyenera kuganiziridwa kuti ndi kusintha kwa mtundu wa khungu ndi kuvala kuti zikhale ndi dzimbiri, kukhuthala kwa khungu, komanso fungo lokoma lapadera.

chithandizo

Choyamba, m'pofunika kukhazikitsa matenda, amene Malassezia dermatitis anayamba, ndi kulamulira. Pochiza kukula kwa fungal, zokonzekera zakomweko zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, nthawi zambiri ngati ma shampoos. 3% viniga wosakaniza angagwiritsidwe ntchito. Ndi chotupa chachikulu, systemic antifungal mankhwala amawonjezeredwa.

Zinthu zina zapakhungu

Zovuta

Pali mitundu itatu ya ziwengo mwa agalu:

1. Kusagwirizana ndi malovu a utitiri;

2. ziwengo chakudya;

3. Atopy.

Kusagwirizana ndi malovu a utitiri, kapena flea allergenic dermatitis, ndi mtundu wofala kwambiri wa ziwengo pa nyama. Malovu a utitiri ndi puloteni, ndipo mu nyama zowonongeka, ngati alowa m'magazi, amachititsa zizindikiro. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, kupeza utitiri pa galu kungakhale kovuta kwambiri, chifukwa malo awo si khungu la nyama, koma chilengedwe. Kulumidwa ndi utitiri kamodzi kokha kungayambitse. Komano, kusagwirizana ndi zakudya ndi mtundu wosowa kwambiri wa ziwengo. Ngakhale pali malingaliro olakwika okhudza kuchuluka kwa allergenicity ya nkhuku muzakudya za nyama, mapuloteni azakudya samayambitsa chilichonse. Atopy ndi mtundu wachiwiri wofala kwambiri wa ziwengo. Allergens ndi zigawo zosiyanasiyana za mpweya - fumbi, mungu, nthata za bedi, ndi zina zotero. Palibe mayesero omwe angatsimikizire mtundu wa ziwengo. Matendawa amapangidwa kokha ndi kuchotsedwa.

zizindikiro

Kwa mitundu yonse itatu, zizindikiro zidzakhala zofanana kwambiri. Chizindikiro choyamba cha ziwengo ndi kuyabwa. Adzatsagana ndi 80-90% ya milandu yonse. Pa thupi la galu, redness, dazi yamawangamawanga, kukanda, ziphuphu zakumaso, pustules, kutumphuka, mamba. Mawanga a bulauni pamimba ya galu, ndiko kuti, mdima wa khungu, udzakhala chifukwa cha zomwe zimachitika kale.

chithandizo

Chithandizo nthawi zambiri chimakhala njira yodziwira matenda. Mankhwala a antiparasitic amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza ndikupatula kusagwirizana ndi malovu a utitiri. Nthawi zambiri, madontho amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofota, makamaka ndi zotsatira zothamangitsa. Kwa matenda, madontho amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa miyezi 2-3 popanda kusokonezedwa, ndi zotsatira zabwino za mankhwala, amakhalabe okhazikika. Komanso, panthawi imodzimodziyo, malo omwe galu amakhala amathandizidwa, chifukwa utitiri umakonda kukhazikika m'ming'alu yamaliseche, m'marugi, pansi pazitsulo. Kuchiza malowa, njira zapadera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pochapa pansi ndi pamwamba, komanso kupopera antiparasite. Ngati, motsutsana ndi zochitika izi, zotsatira zake zimakhala zofooka, galu akadali kuyabwa, pali zotupa pakhungu, ndiye kuti kusapezeka kwa ziwengo kumayamba. Kwa izi, zakudya zapadera zochotseratu zimayikidwa. Zimaphatikizapo zakudya zomwe galu sanadyepo, kapena zakudya zochokera ku mapuloteni a hydrolyzate. Ngati chiweto chikuyenda bwino, ndipo pambuyo pa kubwereranso kwa chakudya chakale, kubwereranso kumachitika, ndiye kuti matenda a chifuwa cha zakudya amakhazikitsidwa. Tsopano muyenera kutenga chakudya chatsopano, ndipo pa izi zizindikiro za nyama zidzatha.

Ngati zonse zomwe tazitchulazi zitalephera, galuyo amapezeka kuti ali ndi atopy. Chithandizo chake ndizovuta kwambiri, makamaka njira zonse zimangothandizira kuti athetse kuyabwa, kutupa, matenda ndi khungu louma. Allergen-specific immunotherapy angagwiritsidwenso ntchito pochiza. Katemera wa munthu payekha amapangidwira nyama, zomwe zingathandize kuti thupi lisagwirizane ndi zomwe zadziwika. Tsoka ilo, ndizosatheka kukwaniritsa 100% mogwira mtima, ndipo katemera wotere ayenera kubwerezedwa nthawi zonse moyo wawo wonse.

Matenda osokoneza bongo

Pali matenda ambiri apakhungu agalu omwe amayamba chifukwa cha autoimmune process, ambiri omwe sanamvetsetse bwino. Zina mwazofala kwambiri zitha kuzindikirika:

pemphigus foliaceus

Matenda a chitetezo cha m'thupi momwe maselo a chitetezo cha mthupi amaukira maselo a khungu. Ndiwofala kwambiri kwa Akita ndi agalu a Chow Chow, ngakhale kuti amatha kupezeka m'mitundu ina.

zizindikiro

Chizindikiro chachikulu cha matendawa ndikuzindikira ma pustules m'thupi lonse. Nthawi zambiri izi zimakhala zovuta kuchita, popeza ma pustules amakutidwa ndi tsitsi lakuda ndikuphulika mosavuta. Zotupa zachiwiri zimadziwika nthawi zambiri - crusts, mamba, mabala a dazi. Kukhazikika komwe kumazungulira maso ndi mphuno. Nthawi zina chizindikiro chokha ndi makulidwe a paw pads ndi kutumphuka.

chithandizo

Chithandizo chachikulu ndikuletsa chitetezo cha mthupi, chifukwa cha izi, glucocorticoids ndi ma immunosuppressants amalembedwa. Ma shampoos a antibacterial amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamutu kuti anyowetse kutumphuka ndikuchotsa matenda. Ndi njira yopatsirana kwambiri, maantibayotiki amaperekedwa pakamwa.

Pezani lupus erythematosus

Zimapezekanso chifukwa cha kulephera kwa chitetezo chamthupi cha munthu, palibe chomwe chimayambitsa matenda.

zizindikiro

The zizindikiro zazikulu monga whitening mphuno, mapangidwe kutumphuka ndi zilonda pa izo ndi pafupi izo. Khungu ndi tsitsi lozungulira maso, milomo, ndi zala zimathanso kupepuka.

chithandizo

Chithandizo chimakhalanso ndi kupondereza chitetezo chamthupi ndikuletsa matenda. Ngati zotupazo ndi zazing'ono kwambiri, mungayesere kuti mukhale ndi zodzoladzola zokhazokha.

Kodi agalu angadwale matenda a khungu?

Choyamba, matenda opatsirana omwe amapezeka kwa agalu ndi anthu ndi ndere. Kuti musatenge kachilomboka, muyenera kusamba m'manja musanayambe komanso mutatha kulankhulana ndi galu yemwe ali ndi kachilomboka, yesetsani kulankhulana naye pokhapokha ngati kuli kofunikira, musalole galuyo kukhala pabedi lanu ndikuchepetsa kayendetsedwe kake mozungulira nyumba momwe mungathere. Ngati mupeza zotupa pakhungu lanu, nthawi yomweyo funsani dokotala.

Matenda a khungu a bakiteriya ndi owopsa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi chitetezo chochepa; ndizosatheka kuti anthu athanzi atenge matenda kuchokera kwa galu. Sarcoptic mange amatha kuyambitsa mphere mwa anthu, koma sangachuluke pakhungu la munthu ndipo safuna chithandizo. Matenda a pakhungu ndi autoimmune sangathe kupatsirana, koma amatha kutengera agalu. Ndikofunikira kuganiza musanalole nyama zotere kuswana.

August 18 2021

Zasinthidwa: September 16, 2021