Malo otsetsereka: kukonza ndi kusamalira, kuswana mu aquarium, albino, chophimba ndi mitundu ina

Kwa zaka zoposa XNUMX, nsomba za m’mathothomathotho zakhala zikulimidwa kunyumba. Anatchuka pakati pa okonda nsomba za aquarium chifukwa cha khalidwe lake laubwenzi, kupirira ndi kudzichepetsa, kumasuka kwa kuswana, komanso kusintha mwamsanga ku zochitika zilizonse.

Mitundu ya makonde amaanga ndi mafotokozedwe ake

Korido ya mathothomathotho ndi kansomba kakang'ono pansi. Kutalika kwakukulu kwa thupi lake ndi 6-7 centimita. Makhalidwe akunja a nsombayi amaphatikizapo mimba yosalala, komanso msana wozungulira ndi mutu. Pamwamba pa thupi lonse la nsomba zam'madzi zimakhala ndi mafupa amphamvu ngati zishango zing'onozing'ono, zomwe zimateteza modalirika ku ziwonongeko za anthu okhala m'madzi.

Kumbuyo kuli chipsepse cha katatu chokhala ndi spike yakuthwa komanso yolimba, ma pectoral amakhalanso ndi ma spikes ofanana. Pakamwa pamakhala ma antennae, omwe amadziwika ndi nsomba zonse - kupezeka kwawo kumathandiza nsomba kupeza chakudya pansi.

Maonekedwe a thupi la makonde a timadontho-maanga ndi chifukwa cha komwe adachokera, komanso momwe amakhalira m'ndende. Mthunzi waukulu ukhoza kusiyana ndi beige wotumbululuka mpaka mkuwa. Chitsanzo cha madontho a phulusa lakuda ndi madontho ndi apadera. Zipsepse za nsombazi zimakhala zoonekera, komabe, pamwamba pake pali zironda zakuda.

Kuphatikiza pa kanjira kamene kamakhala kakang'ono, pali mitundu ina iwiri - chophimba ndi albino.

Corydoras chophimba chokhala ndi mawanga

Mbalameyi imachokera ku South America.

Nsomba za mathothomathotho zooneka bwino zimadziwika ndi mtundu wa azitona wonyezimira wachitsulo, zokhala ndi madontho akuda ndi madontho osawoneka bwino. Zipsepse za nsombazi zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe otalika, ngati chophimba.

alubino

Ma Albino catfish m'thupi mwake amafanana ndi makonde wamba amaanga-maanga. Kusiyana kwakukulu kuli mumitundu yawo, kuwala kwa pinkish-pichesi yokhala ndi sheen pang'ono, komanso maso ofiira.

Mosiyana ndi kanjira kakang'ono kakang'ono, anthuwa amaikira mazira ochepa ndipo amakula pang'onopang'ono.

Makhalidwe a khalidwe la makonde a timadontho-maanga

Mbalame zamphaka zili ndi khalidwe lamtendere komanso lodekha. M’malo awo achilengedwe, amakhala m’madzi oyenda pang’onopang’ono, pafupifupi osayenda, akumatsogolera gulu la zamoyo. Monga lamulo, samatsutsana ndi mitundu ina ya nsomba.

Panthaŵi yopsinjika maganizo, ndiponso panthaŵi ya chibwenzi, nsomba zamathothomathotho zimatha kuchenjeza mwapadera. Kutha kumeneku kumachitika chifukwa cha kukangana kwa misana ya zipsepse za pectoral ndi mapewa. Poyembekezera ngozi yomwe ikuyandikira, khonde limatulutsa nsonga zakuthwa za zipsepse zake ndikukhala pamalo odzitchinjiriza. Ngakhale timizere tating'ono tating'onoting'ono ta spikes, ndi yakuthwa kwambiri kuti iboole khungu. Choncho, eni nsombazi ayenera kusamala pochita nazo.

Chinthu chinanso chochititsa chidwi cha khalidwe la nsomba zam'madzi ndi mphamvu yopuma mpweya wa mumlengalenga, mwachitsanzo, ali ndi kupuma kwa m'mimba. Nthawi ndi nthawi ikukwera pamwamba pa madzi, nsombayi imagwira kanthu kakang'ono ka mpweya kamene kamadutsa m'matumbo.

Ubwino ndi zoyipa

Nsombazo zimathera nthawi yambiri ya moyo wake pansi pa aquarium.

Nsomba za mabala-maanga ndi imodzi mwa mitundu yosavuta kuswana nayo m'madzi.

Zina mwa ubwino wake waukulu:

• mawonekedwe okongola komanso ogwira mtima;
• kukula kochepa, kulola kugwiritsa ntchito chidebe chophatikizika kuchokera ku 50 malita;
• omnivorous;
• kusinthika kwabwino kuzinthu zilizonse.

Palibe zolakwika zoonekeratu pakusunga makonde athothomathotho. Komabe, ndikofunikira kulingalira kuti chifukwa cha chizolowezi cha nsomba nthawi zonse kukumba pansi ndikusokoneza madzi mu Aquarium, ndikofunikira kupereka njira yabwino yosefera.

Kusamalira ndi kukonza

Nsomba zamaanga-maanga ndi imodzi mwa nsomba zosavuta kuzisunga.

Zodyetsa

Kutolera m'zakudya ndi chimodzi mwazabwino zazikulu zamtundu wamtundu wamtundu. Komabe, ndikofunikira kulingalira kuti mtundu uwu wa nsomba umadya kuchokera pansi pa aquarium. Choncho, m'pofunika kuonetsetsa kuti chakudya chokwanira chikugwa. Zakudya zotsalira pamwamba pa madzi zidzapita ku nsomba zina.

Monga chakudya chamoyo, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito mphutsi zamagazi, tubifex ndi brine shrimp. Mbalame zimadya mofunitsitsa komanso mu mawonekedwe owuma ndi owuma.

Popeza khonde lamangamanga limakonda kudya usiku, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwetsa mapiritsi apadera kapena ma granules pansi pa aquarium madzulo.

Ndibwino kuti mutumikire chakudya kawiri pa tsiku, mochuluka kuti nsomba zimatha kutenga mphindi zisanu.

M`pofunika mwamsanga kuchotsa unclaimed zotsalira za chakudya, kupewa kuwola. Kupanda kutero, nitrate ndi mchere zimayamba kudziunjikira m'madzi, zomwe zambiri zimakhala zowopsa kwa nsomba, makamaka kwa tinyanga tawo. Kuti mukhale ndi thanzi labwino pamakonde, ndikofunikira kusintha madzi mu aquarium kamodzi pa sabata.

Matenda ndi mankhwala

Kusintha kwa khalidwe ndi chizindikiro choyamba cha matenda m'makonde

Palibe matenda enaake omwe amakhudza makonde a mathothomathotho okha. Nsomba zamtunduwu zimalimbana mwamphamvu ndi matenda, komabe, ngati mikhalidwe yotsekeredwa ikuphwanyidwa, imatha kutenga matenda a bakiteriya ndi mafangasi, monga anthu ena okhala m'madzi.

Mfundo yakuti nsombazi zinayamba kukhala ndi mavuto ndi thanzi zimatsimikiziridwa ndi:

• khalidwe lotayirira;
• kuwonongeka kwa chilakolako;
• kuzimiririka kwa mtundu wachilengedwe;
• zipsepse zopindika;
• zokutira zoyera pamamba.

Zikatero, nsombazo ziyenera kuchotsedwa nthawi yomweyo ndi anthu ena okhala m'madzi a aquarium powaika mu chidebe chagalasi chosiyana. Pa nthawi yomweyi, madziwo ayenera kukhala atsopano, kukhalapo kwa mchere wochepa kungakhale koopsa.

Matenda a bakiteriya amatsimikiziridwa ndi zizindikiro monga:

• kuphulika;
• ndowe za filiform za mtundu woyera;
• kuwoneka kwamphamvu;
• zilonda zam'mimba.

Ndi matenda a fungal, nsabwe za m'masamba kapena pansi zimawonekera pathupi la nsomba.

Zizindikiro zazikulu za matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha ciliates ndi zamoyo za flagellar ndi zotupa, mabowo ndi madontho.

Chofala kwambiri mu nsomba zam'madzi ndi fin rot ndi matenda a chikhodzodzo.

mapeto osweka

Matendawa amakhala ndi blanching, kutupa ndi kuvala kwa zipsepse. Nthawi zina mikwingwirima yamagazi imawonekera pamwamba pake. Zifukwa za matendawa zitha kukhala kusauka kwamadzi ndi chakudya, kuchuluka kwa anthu am'madzi am'madzi, zovuta, komanso kukula kwa matenda ena.

Mankhwala opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, monga tetracycline ndi chloramphenicol, ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza. Pofuna kupewa, ndikofunikira kusintha madzi pafupipafupi, kuyeza kutentha kwake, osapatsa nsomba chakudya chambiri, komanso osadzaza m'madzi.

Kusokonezeka kwa chikhodzodzo

Mkhalidwe umene mimba imaphulika mwamphamvu, zomwe zimapangitsa nsomba kusambira mozondoka. Matendawa amayamba chifukwa cha kudya kwambiri kapena mpweya wambiri. Zikatero, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti musadyetse nsomba kwa masiku awiri kapena atatu, ndipo itatha nthawiyi kudyetsa phala la nandolo pang'ono.

Kuti muchepetse kugaya chakudya, muyenera kuwonjezera kutentha kwa madzi mu aquarium, ndipo, m'malo mwake, muchepetse mulingo wake. Kupewa kumaphatikizapo kusunga aquarium yaukhondo, kadyedwe koyenera, ndi kuviika chakudya chisanalowe.

Mikhalidwe yomangidwa

Kusankha bwino nthaka ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri pakukonza makonde.

Aquarium yokhala ndi mphamvu ya malita 55 mpaka 60 ndiyoyenera kusunga anthu awiri kapena atatu okhala ndi timipata tating'onoting'ono. Madzi mu thanki ayenera kukhala abwino komanso ozizira nthawi zonse, ndi mpweya wabwino - pokhapokha ngati nsombazo zimamva bwino.

Chifukwa cha kukhudzika kwakukulu kwa tinyanga ta nsomba zam'madzi, ndikofunikira kuyandikira kusankha kwa dothi moyenera. Zosankha zabwino kwambiri ndi miyala yabwino yokhala ndi kachigawo kakang'ono kosapitilira 5 mm ndi mchenga woyera wamtsinje.

Monga malo ogona a mabala-maanga, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito nsabwe za m'masamba, zomwe zimapereka antibacterial effect. Zomera zoyandama zomwe zimabalalitsa kuwala kowala zidzathandizanso.

Ndikoletsedwa kugwiritsa ntchito miyala yayikulu komanso yakuthwa pokonza pansi pa aquarium, chifukwa imatha kuvulaza nsomba.

Kuti mulemeretse madzi a aquarium ndi mpweya, muyenera kukhazikitsa fyuluta yapadera pansi.

Kutentha, acidity ndi kuuma kwa madzi zimagwira ntchito yofunika. Zizindikiro zabwino kwambiri ndi izi:

• kutentha - kuchokera 22 mpaka 25 ° C;
• kuuma - mpaka 10 dGH;
• acidity - mpaka 7.0 pH.

Amene amakumana nawo mu aquarium

Khonde lamaanga-maanga limayenda bwino ndi nsomba zambiri, chifukwa limathera nthawi yake yambiri pansi pa nyanja ya aquarium.

Chikhalidwe chodekha, chosakanganitsa komanso chaubwenzi chimalola makonde okhala ndi mawanga kuti agwirizane mosavuta ndi mitundu ina yambiri ya nsomba zam'madzi. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti nsomba zam'madzi sizigwirizana ndi kutentha, komanso ndi anthu akuluakulu.

Khonde lamaanga-maanga limamveka bwino m'madzi am'madzi momwemo ndi mitundu iyi ya zamoyo zam'madzi:

• matabwa;
• ma scalar;
• mphesa;
• nsomba za mbidzi
• magupi;
• amuna malupanga;
• tetras;
• labeo
• pulasitiki;
• mitundu ina ya nsomba zam'madzi.

Kuswana makhonde amaanga-maanga kunyumba

Ngakhale amateur amatha kudziwa kugonana kwa kanjira kakang'ono - ndikokwanira kuganizira kukula kwa thupi ndi mtundu.

Momwe mungasiyanitsire mkazi ndi mwamuna

Pali kusiyana kwina pakati pa Corydoras wamkazi ndi wamwamuna. Akazi ndi aakulu kuposa amuna - kutalika kwa thupi lawo lozungulira kwambiri kumafika masentimita 7,5, ndi amuna 6,5.

Ponena za mitundu, amuna amadziwika ndi kuwala komanso kufotokoza momveka bwino ndi mawonekedwe osiyana, pamene akazi ndi ofewa komanso odekha. Zipsepse zaamuna ndizoloza.

Kubala ndi kubereka

Pofuna kuswana bwino kwa nsomba zam'madzi, tikulimbikitsidwa kusankha imodzi yaikazi ndi amuna awiri kapena atatu. Ayenera kuziika mu thanki yapadera yoberekera, atadzazidwa kale ndi madzi atsopano pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a mphamvu zonse. Poyika chidebecho pamalo owala bwino ndi dzuwa, mpweya uyenera kuwonjezeka.

Nthawi imeneyi, nsomba amafuna khalidwe moyo chakudya munali okwanira kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni. Zitha kukhala daphnia, bloodworm, brine shrimp kapena tubifex.

Pansi pa chilengedwe, kumera kwa kanjira kakang'ono kumachitika nthawi yamvula, choncho kuyenera kutsanziridwa ndikutsitsa pang'onopang'ono kutentha kwa madzi ndi madigiri 2-3.

Kukonzeka kwa yaikazi kukwerana kumasonyezedwa ndi kufiira kwa mimba yake ndi zipsepse zakumbuyo. Nsombazo zikamayenda komanso kuchita zinthu zambiri, masewera okwerana amayamba, ndipo yaimuna imakodola yaikazi ndi tinyanga zake mbali zonse. Kenako amaweramira pakamwa pake n’kutulutsa mkaka. Ikameza, yaikaziyo imaponya mazira angapo pamalo omwe adakonzedwa kale ndikuwalowetsa pawokha pogwiritsa ntchito mkaka.

Pa nthawi yoberekera, yomwe imatha mpaka ola limodzi, yaikazi imayikira mazira 200-400 akuluakulu achikasu. Ntchitoyo ikangotha, ayenera kuokedwanso kuti asadye ana omwe aswa anawo.

Kutengera kutentha kwa madzi, kusasitsa kwa caviar kumatha kuyambira masiku anayi mpaka asanu ndi atatu. Podyetsa nyama zazing'ono, ma ciliates ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zoyambira, ndipo pakapita nthawi, brine shrimp. M'miyezi isanu ndi umodzi yoyambirira ya moyo, mwachangu mwachangu, ndikuwonjezera centimita imodzi kutalika kwa thupi lawo mwezi uliwonse.

Ndi angati omwe amakhala mu aquarium

Ngati mupereka makonde ndi mikhalidwe yoyenera, amaswana mosavuta ndikumva bwino.

Avereji ya moyo wa m'makonde a timadontho-maanga, malinga ndi momwe alili m'ndende, ndi zaka 6-8. Chifukwa chosavuta kubereka m'mikhalidwe ya aquarium, kuswana kwawo sikovuta ngakhale kwa oyamba kumene.

Kusunga makonde amaanga ndi kophweka ngakhale kwa oyamba kumene aquarists. Ndipo kupezeka kwa nsomba zowala komanso zowoneka bwino mnyumbamo kumapanga chisangalalo komanso kumathandizira kuti pakhale mgwirizano. Kuphatikiza apo, amalumikizana bwino ndi anthu ena okhala m'madzi am'madzi amchere.