Mbalame 10 zazing'ono kwambiri ku Russia

Dera la Russia ndi makilomita oposa 17 miliyoni. Zimaphatikizapo nkhalango zowonongeka, taiga, tundra, steppes ngakhale zipululu, mchenga ndi arctic. Zimakhala zovuta kulingalira zomwe mitundu yambiri ya nyama, mbalame ndi zomera imakhala m'dera la dziko lathu.

Ngodya iliyonse ili ndi mawonekedwe ake, madera ndi nyengo, zomwe zimapanga chilengedwe chapadera. Pakati pa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zomera ndi zinyama pali akatswiri.

Sitilankhula za aliyense tsopano, koma kwezani maso athu kumwamba, kuyang'anitsitsa tchire ndi udzu wautali. Tidzakambirana za mbalame, makamaka, za oimira ang'onoang'ono omwe amakhala m'dera la Russia. Nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta kuziwona, koma sizimapangitsa kuti zikhale zokongola kapena zosangalatsa.

10 wamba pika

Kutalika kwa ng'ombe ndi 11-15,5 cm, kulemera kwake kumakhala 7-9,5 g. kumoto chinachake ngati mpheta, kukokera mutu wake kwa mwana wa ng'ombe. Izi sizosadabwitsa, chifukwa mbalame zonsezi zimayimira gulu la passerine.

Pika ili ndi mlomo wautali ndithu, wopindikira pansi, ndi mapazi amphamvu. Mchira wa bulauni umakula ngati masitepe, ndi wouma ndipo umathandiza mapika kukwera mitengo. Ma elytra ake ndi opiringizika abulauni, amawanga, ndipo mapiko apansi ndi oyera, ngati bere.

Amakhala pafupifupi kulikonse m'gawo la Russia, kuchokera ku Crimea kupita ku Arkhangelsk. Amakonda kukhala osakhazikika m'nkhalango zodula, sakhala kokha kumene kulibe mitengo. Amadyetsa tizilombo, akangaude ndi kafadala.

9. Chowotchera pang'ono

Kukula kwa akulu opha ndege osapitirira 10 cm, ndipo kulemera kwake ndi 11 g. Uyu ndi woimira wina wa passerine order. Amuna, monga momwe zimakhalira m'chilengedwe, ndi owala kuposa akazi, ali ndi mtundu wa phulusa-imvi, mikwingwirima iwiri yoyera imatambasula pamchira, ndipo pachifuwa pali malo ofiira ofiira. Ngakhale achichepere kapena akazi alibe malo otero.

Amakhala otuwa ndi chifuwa chofiira-chikasu. Sizitenga nthawi yaitali kuyang'ana mbalame youluka, ili ndi malo ochuluka kwambiri, mpaka kumapiri a Ural, kumene amasinthidwa ndi chowombera chakum'mawa.

Mbalamezi zimatha kukhala m'nkhalango zowirira komanso za coniferous, komanso m'mapaki ndi minda. Ngakhale amawatcha dzina, sadya kwambiri, akujompha tizilombo kuchokera masamba, mitengo ikuluikulu, ndi pansi.

8. chatterbox chakumpoto

kutalika kwa thupi ma chatterboxes 10-12 cm, kulemera - 7-12 g. Ndi wa banja la Komyshkov. Mbalameyi ili ndi nthenga zofiirira zotuwa pamwamba ndi mimba yoyera. Mulomo wake ndi wautali komanso wosalala.

Malo ochezera ali ndi malo osiyanasiyana modabwitsa: amapezeka ku Europe konse ndi Asia mpaka ku India ndi China. Komabe, sichimawulukira kawirikawiri kumadzulo kwa Russia; ndi mlendo wochulukirachulukira ku Cis-Urals.

Imakonda malo okhala ndi udzu wochepa koma wandiweyani, wokhala ndi zitsamba zochepa. Malo abwino ndi minda yokulirapo. Imadya tizilombo tosayenda kwambiri, zomwe imasonkhanitsa kuchokera pansi.

7. Common remez

Kutalika kwa thupi - 11-12 cm, kulemera - mpaka 20 g. Ngakhale kuti pemez amafanana ndi mbewa yomwe yakokera chigoba m'maso mwake; akadali a gulu lomwelo la odutsa.

Msana wake ndi wofiirira, ndipo thupi lenilenilo ndi loyera lochita dzimbiri. Imatulutsa mluzu wapamwamba komanso wachisoni. Iyi ndi mbalame yosamuka. Kuyambira Epulo mpaka Okutobala, Remez imayenda mozungulira mbali yaku Europe ya Russia, ndipo imawulukira kunyanja ya Mediterranean m'nyengo yozizira.

Imakonda kukhazikika mu udzu ndi zitsamba m'mphepete mwa maiwe, nyanja ndi mitsinje. Kumeneko amamanga zisa m’nthambi zolendewera pamwamba pa madzi. Remez amadya tizilombo, akangaude ndi njere, zomwe amazipeza pansi ndikubzala zimayambira.

6. Wren

Kutalika kwa thupi - 9-10 cm, kulemera - pafupifupi 8-12 g. Ngati munamvapo kuvutitsa, mtedza or subroot, zinali za chinthu chomwecho - kulephera. Iyi ndi mbalame yaing’ono yofiirira yokhala ndi mutu waukulu pakhosi lalifupi komanso mchira wopindika mwamphamvu. Imafanana ndi mpira woyenda pang'onopang'ono wokhala ndi mchira wotuluka.

Masamba ali ndi mphamvu zambiri. Amakonda kukwera pamwamba ndikulengeza gawolo ndi nyimbo zofulumira. A wren amakhala ku Eurasia, North Africa ndi North America.

Imakonda kukhazikika m'nkhalango zonyowa za coniferous komanso zosakanikirana, zokhala ndi msipu wandiweyani komanso nkhuni zambiri zakufa. Amapezekanso m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndi mitsinje, komanso m'mapaki omwe ali ndi udzu wambiri komanso mipanda.

Amadya tizilombo ndi mitundu yonse ya invertebrates, ngati pali chakudya chochepa, amatha kudya zipatso.

5. Green warbler

Kutalika kwa thupi - 10-12 cm, kulemera - 5-9 g. Iyi ndi mbalame yachilendo, yokongola. Green warbler, yomwe mwachiwonekere ili ndi mtundu wa kumbuyo wa azitona wobiriwira, ndipo mimba yake ndi yotuwa-yoyera ndi zokutira zachikasu. Amuna ndi akazi pafupifupi samasiyana, ali ndi kukula ndi mtundu wofanana.

Mbalameyi imakhala kumadera onse a ku Ulaya ndi ku Asia ku Russia, ndipo mitundu iwiriyi ili ndi kusiyana kochepa: mzere umodzi wokha pamapiko. Imakonda kukhazikika m'nkhalango zosakanikirana, m'nkhalango zowirira, pakati pa mapiri ndi mitsinje. Zisa zimakonzedwa pansi kapena pamalo otsika.

Mbalame zobiriwira zimadya tizilombo ndi mphutsi zawo, koma nthawi zina agulugufe akuluakulu ndi a dragonflies amatha kukhala nyama zawo. Iyi ndi mbalame yomwe imasamuka, ndipo m'nyengo yozizira imapita kumadera otentha.

4. Penochka-zarnika

Kutalika kwa warbler ndi 9-10 cm, kulemera kwake ndi 7-9 g. Woimira wina wa banja la warbler pamwamba pathu ndi mphezi-mphezi. Mofanana ndi m'mbuyo mwake, kumbuyo kwa mphezi kumakhala kobiriwira kwa azitona, pali mikwingwirima yowala kudutsa mapiko ndi kuchokera kumlomo mpaka kumbuyo kwa mutu, pamwamba pa maso. Mimba ndi yoyera ndi yachikasu. Miyendo yabulauni.

Mbalameyi ndi yothamanga kwambiri, imadumpha mosalekeza kuchoka ku nthambi kupita ku nthambi, ikugwedeza mapiko ake ngati yapinda, ndipo imangopereka mawu nthawi zonse. Imagawidwa kum'mawa kwa Russia, ku Asia kupita ku China komwe, m'chigawo chapakati ndizosowa kwambiri. M'nyengo yozizira, imawulukira ku South Asia.

zisa amamangidwa makamaka pansi kapena niches, kuzama iwo ndi insulate ndi pansi. Amadyetsa tizilombo ndi mphutsi zawo.

3. Kinglet wamutu wachikasu

Kutalika sikuposa 9 cm, kulemera mpaka 7 g. Kinglet wamutu wachikasu amasiyana ndi abale a mbalame chifukwa cha tuft yachikasu yokhala ndi m'mphepete mwakuda, kukumbukira chovala chamutu cholemera. Nthenga zotuwa za mutu zimasanduka nsana wa azitona wobiriwira, pansi ndi imvi-azitona.

M'madera a kumpoto, mbalameyi imakhala ngati mbalame ya hummingbird, yomwe imakhala yachangu komanso yopepuka. Malo ogawa ndi aakulu modabwitsa. Mutha kukumana ndi kachilomboka wamutu wachikasu m'mphepete mwa Nyanja Yakuda, ku Karelia, m'nkhalango za Caucasus ndi Altai. Imapezekanso ku Sakhalin komanso ku Zilumba za Kuril.

Imakonda kukhazikika m'nkhalango zosakanikirana, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimamanga zisa zake zozungulira ndi dzenje laling'ono lothawirako. Zisa izi zimayimitsidwa motalika, kutalika kwa 6-8 m, nthawi zambiri - mpaka 15 m, ndipo zimabisika bwino munthambi.

2. Wankhondo wa King

Kutalika kwa ng'ombe ndi 9-9,5 cm, kulemera kwa 4-7 g. Mbalame ina inatenga mzere pa mlingo wathu wa mbalame zazing'ono kwambiri m'dziko lathu. Nthawi ino wankhondo, yomwe ili yofanana kwambiri ndi mphezi, koma ili ndi mzere wachikasu woonekera m'maso ndi wina pa korona.

Nthenga zochititsa chidwi kwambiri za kinglet m'dzinja ndi imvi-wobiriwira-chikasu, mutu ndi wakuda kwambiri kuposa mapiko. Chovala cha kasupe cha amuna ndi akazi chimakhala chopepuka, chotuwa.

Mofanana ndi chiwombankhanga chagolide, mbalame ya warbler imathamanga komanso imathamanga, ndipo imatha kukhazikika pamalo ake. Amamera kum'mawa kwa Russia, Sakhalin, Eastern Siberia ndi Altai. Imakonda nkhalango zazitali za taiga.

1. Nkhunda yofiira

Kukula kwa mbalame sikudutsa 9 cm, kulemera kumafika 7 g, koma pafupifupi 5,1 g. Mbalame yokongola imeneyi ili ndi dzina lofiira pamutu pake. Msana wake ndi wobiriwira wachikasu, kumapeto kwa mapiko ake ndi mdima, ndipo chifuwa chake ndi chotuwa. Mutu ndi wakuda, ndi mikwingwirima iwiri kuzungulira maso ndi tuft yowala.

У kachikumbu mutu waukulu ndi khosi lalifupi, kotero kuti kawirikawiri kinglet amafanana pafupifupi mpira. Amagawidwa kuchokera ku Europe kupita ku Africa. Imakonda kukhala m'nkhalango zokhala ndi masamba ambiri, osasakanikirana, koma koposa zonse imakonda nkhalango za oak. Mofanana ndi kafadala, imasankha tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tokhala ndi zipolopolo zofewa kuti tidye.