Akamba 10 ang'ono kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi

Akamba ali m'gulu la zokwawa. Pali mitundu pafupifupi 328. Onsewo amagawidwa m'madzi ndi padziko lapansi, omaliza amatha kukhala pamtunda ndi madzi abwino.

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya akamba ndi yodabwitsa. Yaikulu kwambiri imatha kukula mpaka 2,5 m kutalika ndikulemera kuposa 900 kg. Kalekale, anthu akuluakulu ankakhalanso ku Africa, Australia ndi America, koma anafa pambuyo pa maonekedwe a munthu.

Asayansi, pophunzira za mafupa osungidwa, anafika ponena kuti kamba wa m’nyanja ya Archelon anafika mamita 4,5 m’litali ndipo amalemera mpaka matani 2,2. Palibe zimphona zoterezi, komanso mitundu yaying'ono, imatha kulowa m'manja mwa munthu.

Akamba ang'onoang'ono padziko lapansi amalemera 124 g okha ndipo samakula kuposa masentimita 9,7. Muphunzira zambiri za iwo ndi mitundu ina yaying'ono kuchokera m'nkhani yathu, onani zithunzi zawo.

10 Atlantic Ridley

Mtundu umenewu umatengedwa kuti ndi waung'ono kwambiri pa akamba am'nyanja komanso womwe umakula mofulumira kwambiri. Kamba wamkulu amatha kukula mpaka 77 cm ndikulemera mpaka 45 kg. Amakhala ndi mtundu wotuwa, wobiriwira wowoneka ngati mtima, koma achichepere nthawi zambiri amakhala amtundu wa imvi-wakuda. Akazi ndi aakulu kuposa amuna.

Atlantic Ridley anasankha, monga malo okhala, Gulf of Mexico ndi Florida. Imakonda madzi osaya. Amadya nyama zazing'ono zam'madzi, koma ngati kuli kofunikira, zimasintha mosavuta ku zomera ndi algae.

9. Kum'mawa kwakutali

Kamba wa m'madzi opanda mchere omwe amapezeka kwambiri ku Asia. M’maiko ena amadyedwa, motero amaŵetedwa m’mafamu. Kutalika kwa carapace Kamba wa Kum'mawa kwakutali osapitirira 20-25 cm, koma nthawi zina pamakhala anthu omwe amakula mpaka 40 cm, kulemera kwakukulu ndi 4,5 kg.

Ali ndi chipolopolo chozungulira, chophimbidwa ndi chikopa chofewa chobiriwira, chokhala ndi mawanga achikasu owoneka pamenepo. Miyendo ndi mutu nazonso ndi zotuwa, zobiriwira pang'ono.

Zitha kupezeka ku Japan, China, Vietnam, komanso m'dziko lathu - ku Far East. Kamba wa Kum'mawa kwa Far East amasankha madzi abwino, nyanja kapena mitsinje kwa moyo wake wonse, ndipo amatha kukhala m'minda ya mpunga. Masana imakonda kuwomba m'mphepete mwa nyanja, koma kutentha kwambiri imabisala mumchenga wonyowa kapena m'madzi. Ngati kuchita mantha, izo kukumba pansi silt.

Amathera nthawi yambiri m'madzi, kusambira ndi kudumphira. Mukagwira kamba m'chilengedwe, imachita mwaukali, kuluma, ndipo kuluma kwake kumakhala kowawa kwambiri.

8. Mtsinje waku Europe

Dzina lake lonse ndi Kamba waku Europe, ndi madzi abwino. Kutalika kwa carapace yake ndi pafupifupi 12-35 cm, kulemera kwakukulu ndi 1,5 kg. Mu akamba akuluakulu, chipolopolocho ndi chakuda cha azitona kapena chofiirira, mwa ena chimakhala chakuda, chimakutidwa ndi mawanga achikasu.

Khungu la kamba palokha ndi lakuda, koma pali mawanga ambiri achikasu pa iyo. Maso ali ndi iris ya lalanje, yachikasu kapena yofiira. Monga dzina limatanthawuzira kale, limapezeka ku Ulaya, komanso ku Central Asia ndi Caucasus, ndi zina zotero.

Chigaza cha ku Ulaya chimasankha madambo, nyanja, maiwe moyo, kupewa mitsinje yothamanga. Amatha kusambira ndikudumphira bwino, amatha kukhala pansi pamadzi kwa nthawi yayitali, koma nthawi zambiri amabwera pamwamba mphindi 20 zilizonse.

Akawona zoopsa, abisala m'madzi kapena kudzikwirira mumatope, amatha kuthawa pansi pa miyala. Masana, amakonda kuwotcha padzuwa. Winters pansi pa reservoirs, m'manda mu silt.

7. makutu ofiira

Ndi a m'banja la akamba amadzi aku America. Dzina lake lina ndiachikasu-mimba“. Izo zimakhulupirira zimenezo Kamba wamakutu ofiira kukula kwapakati, kutalika kwa carapace - kuyambira 18 mpaka 30 cm. amuna ndi ochepa pang'ono kuposa akazi.

M'mafanizo ang'onoang'ono, chipolopolocho chimakhala chobiriwira kwambiri, koma ndi msinkhu chimadetsedwa, chimakhala cha azitona kapena bulauni, chimakhala ndi mikwingwirima yachikasu.

Mikwingwirima yoyera kapena yobiriwira imatha kupezeka pamiyendo, khosi ndi mutu. Pafupi ndi maso, ali ndi mikwingwirima iwiri yofiyira, yomwe adapeza dzina lake.

Akamba okhala ndi makutu ofiira amatha kulira, kufwenthera, komanso kukuwa. Amawona bwino, ali ndi luso lomveka bwino la kununkhiza, koma samamva bwino. Amasankha nyanja zamoyo, maiwe omwe ali ndi magombe otsika, achithaphwi. Amakonda kuwotcha padzuwa, ndi chidwi kwambiri. Atha kukhala zaka 40 mpaka 50.

6. Central Asia

Dzina lake lina ndi kamba, umene uli wa banja la nthaka. Tsopano ndi amodzi mwa ziweto zodziwika bwino, zomwe zimatha kukhala zaka 10 mpaka 30 kapena kupitilira apo.

Kukhwima kwa kugonana kumachitika zaka 10 kwa akazi ndi zaka 5-6 kwa mwamuna. Monga dzina limatanthawuzira, amapezeka ku Central Asia. Amakonda dongo ndi zipululu zamchenga. Itha kukula mpaka 15-25 cm, amuna ndi ochepa. Koma nthawi zambiri kukula kwawo ndi 12-18 cm.

Mu chilengedwe Kamba waku Central Asia amadya mphonda, mphukira za udzu osatha, zipatso, zipatso, zomera za m’chipululu. Akagwidwa, amapatsidwanso zakudya zamasamba.

5. Wamutu waukulu

Kamba wamadzi amchere, kutalika kwa chipolopolo chomwe sichidutsa 20 cm. Amatchedwa "chamutu waukuluchifukwa cha kukula kwa mutu, womwe ndi waukulu mopanda malire. Chifukwa cha kukula kwake, sichibwereranso mu chipolopolo.

Ali ndi khosi losunthika komanso mchira wautali kwambiri. Ndizofala ku Vietnam, China, Thailand, etc., amasankha mitsinje yowonekera komanso yofulumira, mitsinje yokhala ndi miyala pansi pa moyo.

Masana, kamba wamutu waukulu amakonda kugona padzuwa kapena kubisala pansi pa miyala, ndipo madzulo amayamba kusaka. Amatha kusambira mwachangu, amakwera mwaluso mapiri amiyala ndi magombe, komanso amatha kukwera pamtengo wopendekeka. Ku Asia, adadyedwa, kotero kumeneko chiwerengero chawo chatsika kwambiri.

4. utoto

Dzina lake lina ndi chokongoletsedwa kamba. Analandira dzinali chifukwa cha mitundu yake yokongola. Kamba wopaka utoto - mitundu yodziwika kwambiri ku North America, komwe imapezeka m'madzi osungira madzi opanda mchere.

Kutalika kwa mkazi wamkulu ndi 10 mpaka 25 cm, amuna ndi ochepa. Ali ndi khungu lakuda kapena la azitona, ndipo ali ndi mikwingwirima yalalanje, yachikasu, ndi yofiira pamiyendo yake. Pali mitundu ingapo ya kamba wopakidwa utoto. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1990, kamba iyi inali yachiwiri yotchuka kwambiri panyumba.

Chiwerengero chawo chikhoza kuchepetsedwa, chifukwa. Malo awo okhala akuwonongedwa, ambiri akufera m’misewu ikuluikulu, koma chifukwa chakuti akamba amakhala mosavuta pafupi ndi anthu, zinawathandiza kusunga chiŵerengero chawo.

Amadya tizilombo, nsomba, ndi nkhanu. Chifukwa cha chipolopolo chawo cholimba, alibe adani pafupifupi, kupatula ma raccoon ndi alligators. Koma mazira a akambawa nthawi zambiri amadyedwa ndi njoka, makoswe ndi agalu. M'nyengo yozizira, akamba opakidwa utoto amagona, akukumba mu silt pansi pa madamu.

3. Zowopsa

Dzina lake lina ndi terrapin. Uwu ndi mtundu wa kamba wa m’madzi opanda mchere amene amakhala m’madambo a mchere ku United States, m’chigawo cha m’mphepete mwa nyanja. tuberculate kamba imvi, koma ikhoza kukhala ndi khungu lofiirira, loyera kapena lachikasu, lophimbidwa ndi chipolopolo chotuwa kapena chofiirira. M'mimba mwake ndi 19 cm mwa mkazi ndi 13 cm mwa mwamuna, koma nthawi zina anthu akuluakulu amapezekanso.

Kutalika kwa thupi kumachokera ku 18 mpaka 22 masentimita mwa akazi, ndi 13-14 masentimita mwa amuna. Amalemera pafupifupi 250-350 g. Akambawa amadya nkhanu, molluscs, nsomba zing'onozing'ono, ndipo nthawi zina zimadya zomera za madambo.

Eniwo amavutika ndi kuukiridwa ndi ma raccoon, skunk ngakhale akhwangwala. Anthu am'deralo amakondanso nyama yawo, motero mtundu uwu umawetedwa m'mafamu. Kale iwo anali chakudya chachikulu cha anthu a ku Ulaya, ndipo m'zaka za zana la 19 anakhala chakudya chokoma. M'chilengedwe, amatha kukhala ndi moyo mpaka zaka 40.

2. Musk

Ndi ya mitundu ya akamba amatope. Iye ali ndi carapace yozungulira yokhala ndi zitunda zitatu zotalikirana zopindika. musk kamba imatchedwa chifukwa ili ndi zotupa zapadera. Panthawi yangozi, amayamba kutulutsa fungo losasangalatsa.

Anthu a ku America nthawi zambiri amawatchula kuti ndi onunkha, ndipo amayesa kuwagwira mosamala chifukwa kununkhira kumeneku kumakhala kosalekeza, kuviika mu zovala, kumatha kwa maola angapo. M'chilengedwe, amapezeka ku North America, m'madzi am'madzi am'madzi omwe amayenda pang'onopang'ono. Amakula mpaka 10-15 cm.

M’nyengo yozizira amabisala, m’chilimwe amakonda kuwotcha padzuwa, kukwera nsonga ndi mitengo imene yagwera m’madzi. Amasaka madzulo kapena usiku.

1. Cape wa mawanga

Osunga ma rekodi ang'onoang'ono - akamba amawanga, omwe kukula kwake kwa carapace ndi 9 cm mwa amuna, ndi 10-11 masentimita mwa akazi. Amakhala opepuka a beige okhala ndi mawanga ang'onoang'ono akuda.

Amapezeka ku South Africa, m'madera ouma a Cape Province. Amadya zomera, makamaka maluwa, koma akhoza kudya masamba ndi zimayambira.

Imakonda nthaka ya miyala, ngati ngozi ibisala pansi pa miyala ndi m'ming'alu yopapatiza. Zimagwira ntchito makamaka m'mawa ndi madzulo, koma nyengo yamvula - mpaka masana.