Ziphuphu mu galu pathupi pansi pa khungu - ndi chiyani komanso momwe angachitire

Ziphuphu za agalu - chinthu chachikulu

1. Ziphuphu pakhungu la galu sizingakhale zoopsa kwa moyo ngati ndi chotupa chosaopsa kapena chovulala. Zitha kukhalanso zoopsa kwambiri ndipo, ngati sizitsatiridwa, zimatha kupha.

2. Kuzindikira kwa chotupa chilichonse pathupi la chiweto ndi chifukwa choyendera dokotala kuti adziwe komanso kudziwa njira zamankhwala.

3. Chithandizo cha zotupa chosaopsa nthawi zambiri si chofunika. Zotupa zowopsa zimatha kuchiritsidwa ndi opaleshoni, chemotherapy ndi radiation therapy.

4. Kuzindikira msanga chotupa chowopsa kumawonjezera bwino chithandizo chamankhwala.

5. Popeza zomwe zimayambitsa mapangidwe a zotupa sizinakhazikitsidwe, kupewa kupezeka kwawo kumakhala kovuta kapena kosatheka.

Zifukwa zazikulu za maonekedwe a cones

Mu agalu, tokhala onse pansi pa khungu akhoza kugawidwa mu chotupa и osati chotupa. Non chotupa angayambe chifukwa matenda, kutupa, thupi lawo siligwirizana. Zomwe zimayambitsa zotupa sizinakhazikitsidwe, chifukwa chake, zotengera zobadwa nazo, zolakwika zama genetic, kutulutsa kwa wailesi, ma microwave, cheza cha ultraviolet, ndi zina zotero. Pankhaniyi, zotupa mu morphology awo ndi zoipa ndi zoipa.

Zabwino

1. Lipoma

   Lipoma ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira kapena otalikira pang'ono omwe amapezeka pansi pa khungu. Kukula kwake kumatha kusiyanasiyana - poyamba sikuwoneka bwino, koma pakapita nthawi kumatha kukula mpaka kufika pamlingo wochititsa chidwi kwambiri. Lipoma imapangidwa kuchokera ku minofu ya adipose, imakhala yolumikizana ndi minofu ndi khungu. Sizimayambitsa kupweteka kwa galu. Lipomas imatha kuwoneka mbali iliyonse ya thupi pomwe pali minofu ya adipose. Nthawi zambiri kuphulika koteroko kumapezeka pagalu pakhosi, komanso pambali, kumbuyo.

2. Histiocytoma

   Histiocytoma - mawonekedwe ozungulira kapena opindika pang'ono a pinki pakhungu laling'ono. Amapangidwa kuchokera ku maselo a Langerhans, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala pakhungu ndi mucous nembanemba. Nthawi zambiri, histiocytomas amapezeka mwa agalu aang'ono, omwe ali ndi miyezi 18. Palibe chifukwa chenicheni cha maonekedwe awo. Malo enieni ali pamutu, ma auricles. Komanso, tokhala ngati galu angapezeke pamimba, pa miyendo m`chiuno ndi torso.

3. Papilloma

   Nthawi zambiri, papillomas ndi mawonekedwe ang'onoang'ono a pinki kapena ofiirira pakhungu. Ziweto zambiri zakale zimakhala nazo. Papillomas imatha kukhala pagawo lililonse la thupi, nthawi zambiri samakula ndipo samayambitsa kukhumudwa kwa nyama. Chifukwa cha maonekedwe awo makamaka tizilombo.

   

4. adenoma

   Adenomas ndi mawonekedwe abwino a minofu ya glandular. Pakhungu, nthawi zambiri amapangidwa kuchokera ku minyewa ya sebaceous glands, nthawi zambiri kuchokera ku glands za thukuta. Kawirikawiri amawoneka ngati mapangidwe a cystic pa thupi, nthawi zambiri kumbuyo ndi mbali. Zomwe zimayambitsa adenomas sizinakhazikitsidwe, koma matenda opatsirana ndi zotheka.

Zoipa

1. Adenocarcinoma ya zowawa za mammary

   Khansara ya m'mawere ndi imodzi mwa zotupa zofala kwambiri mwa agalu. Nthawi zambiri zimaoneka ngati limodzi kapena angapo zotupa mu nsonga zamabele pa galu pamimba mu mawonekedwe a mipira. Mipira imatha kukhala yolimba mpaka kukhudza, pafupifupi ngati fupa, ndipo nthawi zina imakhala yofewa komanso yotanuka. Nthawi zambiri, zotupa zoterezi zimapezeka mwa akazi, koma zimachitikanso mwa amuna. Zatsimikiziridwa kuti kukula kwa chotupa kumagwirizanitsidwa ndi zifukwa za mahomoni. Azimayi osalipidwa ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga zotupazi kuposa momwe amachitira azimayi asanafike estrus yawo yoyamba. Komanso, mapangidwe amenewa nthawi zambiri zimachitika nyama kulandira m`thupi mankhwala kuteteza estrus.

2. Mastocytoma

   Mastocytoma ndi chotupa chomwe chimatha kuwoneka mosiyana kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, imatha kudziwonetsera ngati kutupa kwa pinki, kapena kufiira pakhungu, ndi kuyabwa ndi zilonda. Malo okhalamo ndi osiyana, nthawi zambiri amakhala pa thunthu, pang'ono pang'ono pa miyendo, rarest ali pamutu, khosi ndi mucous nembanemba. Mastocytoma ndi chotupa chobisika kwambiri, chifukwa poyamba sichikhala ndi zizindikiro zowononga, koma pakapita nthawi chimadziwonetsera mwankhanza kwambiri, chimapereka zotupa za metastatic.

   

3. Squamous cell carcinoma

   Chotupa ichi chikhoza kukhala ndi maonekedwe osiyana ndikuwoneka ngati papilloma, mapangidwe a pedunculated. Itha kukhala yotupa, zilonda zam'mimba komanso zotupa. Chotupa ichi chikhoza kuwoneka pamutu ndi pakhosi la galu, chifukwa cha maonekedwe ake akhoza kuonedwa kuti ndi cheza cha ultraviolet. Zitha kukhalanso pathupi la nyama, pomwe pamakhala chifukwa cha ma virus. Mapangidwe amenewa amapezeka agalu pakhungu mu 20% ya milandu. Amaonedwa kuti ndi ovuta kwambiri kuchiza, ndipo zotsatirapo zoipa si zachilendo.

4. Melanoma

   Melanoma ndi chotupa choopsa chomwe chimachokera ku maselo a pigment otchedwa melanocytes. Kawirikawiri amawoneka ngati mapangidwe amdima wakuda kapena wakuda, nthawi zambiri amatha kukhala opanda mtundu. Nthawi zambiri m'mphepete mwa chotupacho ndi osagwirizana, pangakhale zilonda, kukha magazi. Zimachitika m'malo aliwonse a galu pomwe pali ma melanocyte, khungu, mucous nembanemba, dongosolo lamanjenje ndi ziwalo zina zamkati zimakhudzidwa. Zomwe zimayambitsa zimachitika nthawi zambiri zimakhala chibadwa, koma cheza cha ultraviolet, cheza cha ionizing, ndi zina zotero zimagwiranso ntchito. Ndikofunikira kusiyanitsa melanoma ndi melanocytoma. Melanoma ndi matenda oopsa kwambiri a pakhungu, pomwe melanocytoma imakhala ndi chiyembekezo chabwino.

5. Matenda a Fibrosarcoma

   Nthawi zambiri, chotupa ichi aumbike maselo khungu ndi subcutaneous minofu. Zitha kuwoneka ngati zozungulira zozungulira, mawonekedwe ake nthawi zambiri amakhala osakhazikika, amphuno. Pa palpation, chotupacho sichimasuntha, koma sichiyenera kuchititsa galu kukhumudwa. Nthawi zambiri amapezeka mwa agalu achikulire, azaka zapakati pa 8-11. Zifukwa zenizeni sizinakhazikitsidwenso.

   

Zifukwa zina

1. Momwemo

   Chiphuphu ndi chifukwa chofala kwambiri chopanda neoplastic induration pansi pa khungu mwa galu. Chiphuphu ndi chibowo chodzaza ndi mafinya. Nthawi zambiri zimachitika pambuyo ngozi zoopsa, ndewu ndi nyama zina. Chiphuphu chikhoza kukhala pa mbali iliyonse ya thupi la galu yomwe yadwala. Zidzawoneka ngati kutupa kotentha ndi kowawa kwa khungu kukhudza.

   

2. Kupweteka

   Kutupa pamalo opangira jekeseni wa mankhwala ndi njira yachibadwa. Ngati mankhwala ankaperekedwa subcutaneous voliyumu lalikulu mu mawonekedwe a subcutaneous dropper, kutupa koteroko akhoza kufika kwambiri kukula, koma ayenera kudutsa mkati 10-15 mphindi. Ngati mutatha jekeseni chotupacho sichichoka panthawiyi, ndi bwino kubwereranso kuchipatala kuti mukafotokoze zifukwa zake.

3. Zovuta

   Nthawi zina ziwengo pachimake nyama akhoza kuwonetseredwa ndi tokhala angapo thupi lonse, amene anaonekera mwamsanga ndi mwadzidzidzi. Pankhaniyi, mwina ming'oma. Zosokoneza zimatha kuchitika ku gawo lililonse lakunja - mungu wa zomera, zonunkhira, zotsukira. Urticaria nthawi zambiri imapezeka mukamamwa mankhwala enaake.

4. chophukacho

   Chophukacho ndi kutuluka kwa ziwalo zamkati kulowa m'bowo momwe siziyenera kukhala. Nthawi zambiri, eni ake amapeza chotupa pamimba mwa galuyo. Ambiri mwina chifukwa chake ndi umbilical chophukacho. Komanso, hernias amapezeka m'dera la groin kumbali imodzi kapena zonse ziwiri, komanso pansi pa mchira.

   

5. Mafupa okulirapo

   Kukula kwa ma lymph nodes mu galu kumatha kuwoneka ngati mipira pansi pa khungu. Amapezeka pansi pa nsagwada zapansi, m'dera la mapewa, m'madera a axillary ndi inguinal. Chifukwa cha kuwonjezeka kwawo kungakhale njira zopatsirana komanso zotupa, komanso zotupa m'madera oyandikana nawo ndi ma metastasis awo ku ma lymph nodes.

Zizindikiro zofanana

Maphunziro abwino sayenera kutsagana ndi zizindikiro zina zowonjezera. Mapangidwe oyipa, m'malo mwake, zidzasokoneza moyo wa ziweto. Nthawi zambiri m'magawo oyambilira, galu samakumana ndi kusapeza bwino. Ndi kukula ndi kupita patsogolo kwa maphunziro, chiweto chimamva kupweteka, kufooka. Nthawi zambiri, zotupa zimafalikira m'mapapo, pambuyo pake zimakhala zovuta kuti nyama ipume, kupuma movutikira kumawonekera. Chotupacho chikhoza kufalikira ku ziwalo zambiri ndi minofu, zomwe zimabweretsa kuchepa kwa ntchito yawo ndi imfa ya nyama.

Momwemo nthawi zambiri amatha limodzi ndi malungo, ulesi, kukana kudya. The abscess palokha ndi ululu kukhudza, amapereka Pet kusapeza. Zovuta kuchokera ku zidzolo zopanda vuto pathupi, zimatha kukhala kutupa kowopsa kwa thirakiti la kupuma. Waung'ono, wosavulazidwa hernia nthawi zambiri sizimayambitsa kusapeza kwa nyama. Pamene mphete ya hernial ikuphwanyidwa, imakhala yowawa komanso yovuta. Ndi kufinya kwa nthawi yayitali, minofu imafa, ndipo chiweto chimafa.

Ndizochitika ziti zomwe muyenera kukaonana ndi veterinarian nthawi yomweyo?

Ngati ziphuphu zikuwonekera pa thupi la galu wanu, iyi ndi nthawi yoti muwone dokotala kuti amuyese. Osachedwetsa ulendo wanu ndikuyembekeza kuti adzadutsa okha. Ngati chotupacho ndi chosaopsa, mukhoza kutulutsa mpweya osadandaula za thanzi la chiweto. Kuzindikira msanga chotupa chowopsa kumapereka mpata wabwino wopeza chithandizo chabwino. Ngati chotupa choopsa chapezeka m'magawo otsiriza, nthawi zambiri palibe chomwe chingachitike, dokotala amangopereka chithandizo chothandizira.

Chiphuphu chiyenera kuthandizidwa mwamsanga chikadziwika, kuchedwetsa kupita kwa dokotala kungayambitse poizoni wa magazi. Thupi lawo siligwirizana ayenera kuyimitsidwa nthawi yomweyo, popanda kuyembekezera kutupa kwa m`phuno. Chophukacho chophwanyidwa chimachitidwa opaleshoni yadzidzidzi isanayambe necrosis ya minofu. Chophukacho chopanda chingwe chimachitidwa monga momwe anakonzera, koma ngati chichedwa, opaleshoni yadzidzidzi ingafunike nthawi iliyonse.

Diagnostics

Kuzindikira kumayamba ndi kutenga anamnesis, kudziwa nthawi yomwe mphuno idawonekera, momwe idakulira mwachangu. Kenaka, chiwetocho chimafufuzidwa bwino, mapangidwe ake amafufuzidwa chifukwa cha kachulukidwe, kuyenda, kupweteka kwa nyama. Ma lymph node apamwamba amathanso kumveka. Njira ya cytological diagnostics imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri. Mothandizidwa ndi singano ndi syringe, maselo amayamwa kuchokera ku mapangidwe, omwe amaikidwa pa galasi la galasi. Zinthuzo zimadetsedwa ndikufufuzidwa mosamala ndi maikulosikopu. Mothandizidwa ndi cytology, matenda oyamba amatha kupangidwa. Nthawi zambiri, biopsy ndi histological kuyezetsa n'kofunika kuti adziwe bwinobwino. Njirayi ndi yovuta kwambiri ndipo imatenga nthawi kuti ipeze zotsatira. Ngati chiweto chakonzedwa opaleshoni kuchotsa chotupacho, dokotala angalimbikitse maginito resonance kujambula.

Kuchiza tokhala ndi agalu

Chithandizo nthawi zonse chidzadalira mtundu wa mapangidwe. Nthawi zambiri zotupa zabwino safuna chithandizo. Histiocytomas apite okha pasanathe mwezi umodzi. Lipoma imatha kukula mpaka kukula kwambiri ndikulepheretsa chiweto kuyenda, kugona pansi komanso kuyenda mozungulira. Ngati lipoma ikukula mofulumira, ndi bwino kuichotsa. papillomas ndi adenomas musachuluke kukula ndipo nthawi zambiri sizisokoneza. M'malo ena pathupi, amatha kuvulazidwa nthawi zonse, chifukwa chomwe amatenga kachilomboka, amakhetsa magazi, pomwe ndi bwino kuwachotsa.

chithandizo matenda zimadalira zinthu zambiri ndipo amasankhidwa ndi oncologist payekha. Mtundu ndi kukula kwa chotupacho, malo ake, siteji ya ndondomeko ya oncological, kukhalapo kwa metastases kumaganiziridwa. Opaleshoni excision mapangidwe, mankhwala amphamvu, ma radiation mankhwala angagwiritsidwe ntchito.

chithandizo zotupa Zimakhala kuyeretsa pabowo ku mafinya, khazikitsa ngalande kukhetsa chifukwa madzimadzi pabowo, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala antimicrobial kwanuko ndi mwadongosolo. Zosokonezeka mankhwala ndi antihistamines ndi, ngati n`koyenera, m`thupi. chophukacho kuchitidwa opaleshoni kokha. Mosiyana ndi zimene anthu ambiri amakhulupirira, palibe wowerengeka azitsamba angathe kuthandiza ndi chophukacho; popanda opaleshoni, n'zosatheka kuika ziwalo pamalo oyenera ndi suture mphete ya hernial. Mafupa okulirapo ndi chizindikiro chabe cha pathological ndondomeko mu thupi, m`pofunika kupeza chifukwa ndi mwachindunji mankhwala kwa izo.

Prevention

Tsoka ilo, makhansa ambiri alibe mankhwala. Zifukwa zenizeni za maonekedwe awo sizinakhazikitsidwe, akukhulupirira kuti ultraviolet ndi ionizing cheza, osauka zachilengedwe ndi zinthu zina zovuta kwambiri kuchotsa moyo chiweto ndi mbali pa chitukuko chawo. Kupewa ndikovomerezeka kwa chotupa cha mammary glands. Pali kafukufuku wosonyeza kuti njuchi zothena isanafike estrus yoyamba zimakhala ndi mwayi wochepera 0,05% kukhala ndi chotupa chofananacho. Komanso, ndi estrus iliyonse, chiwerengerochi chimawonjezeka. Kuthena pambuyo pa zaka ziwiri sikuchepetsa chiopsezo chokhala ndi neoplasms. Komanso, kupatula kupereka mankhwala a mahomoni kuti asiye estrus kumachepetsa chiopsezo chokhala ndi oncology.

Mutha kupewa ma abscesses popewa kudziyenda komanso ndewu pakati pa agalu. Sizingatheke kulosera za kukula kwa matupi awo sagwirizana ndi chinachake. Koma ngati allergen amadziwika, kukhudzana ndi galu ayenera kuchotsedwa. Hernias nthawi zambiri amakhala obadwa nawo, zomwe sizingathetsedwe kupewa. Koma zowawa zopweteka zimatha kupewedwa ngati nthawi zonse mumayang'ana chiweto chanu poyenda.

Mayankho a mafunso omwe amafunsidwa nthawi zambiri

November 10, 2021

Kusinthidwa: 14 May 2022