Makalasi a chakudya cha mphaka: mndandanda, mavoti, kusiyana, mitengo

General mudziwe

M'makampani azakudya zamphaka, mankhwalawa amagawidwa m'magulu anayi: chuma, premium, super-premium ndi holistic (Human Grade). Mitundu yomaliza yazakudya zapamwamba idawonekera pamsika wazakudya za ziweto osati kale kwambiri, ndipo pafupifupi nthawi yomweyo idaposa onse omwe adatsogolera.

Kugawika kwa zakudya kumakhala kosasinthasintha, chifukwa malire apakati pazachuma ndi premium, premium ndi super-premium, super-premium and holistic magulu sadziwika bwino. Ku Ulaya, USA, Canada, pali mabungwe angapo omwe akukhudzidwa ndi certification ya chakudya ndipo amayang'anira chitetezo chawo. Ku Russia, ntchito yofananira imachitika ndi bungwe la Roskachestvo. Panthawiyi, akatswiri ochokera ku bungwe la Russia adazindikira zitsanzo zitatu zokha za chakudya cha mphaka monga mankhwala apamwamba - Acana ndi Orijen (Canada), komanso Brit (Czech Republic).

Kwenikweni, kalasi ya chakudya cha mphaka zimadalira gulu la nyama zoyamba, kuchuluka kwake, phale la vitamini, kuchuluka kwake komanso kuchuluka kwa zinthu zamchere zomwe zili, komanso kuchuluka kwa digestibility pazinthu zothandiza.

Pafupifupi 80% ya msika wa chakudya cha mphaka ndi chakudya chouma. Kungoyang'ana koyamba, tinthu tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono ndi "mapadi" amawoneka ngati chakudya chosauka, ndipo eni ake osazindikira omwe amadya mizere mizere ya masharubu nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito "crackers" monga chowonjezera pa chakudya chawo chachikulu. Komabe, zakudya zowuma zowuma zapamwamba komanso madzi ndizomwe zimangodzikwanira zokha pakudyetsa ziweto tsiku lililonse. Zoonadi, tikukamba za chakudya chokwanira - kutanthauzira koteroko kuyenera kuwonetsedwa pa phukusi la mankhwala. Komanso, zikhalidwe zogwiritsira ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku, malingana ndi kulemera ndi zaka za mphaka, ziyenera kuwonetsedwa.

Chakudya chonyowa, chomwe ndi chokoma nyama cubes mu odzola kapena msuzi, pates, amagulitsidwa mmatumba mitsuko, matumba, matumba osiyanasiyana kapangidwe. Zoterezi ndizokwera mtengo kuposa zouma. Amphaka amadya mosangalala kwambiri, komabe, si mitundu yonse ya zakudya zotere yomwe ili yoyenera ngati chakudya chamagulu ndipo nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chithandizo kapena kuphatikiza ndi granules youma. Pazakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zingapo zonyowa, zomwe zimaphatikizapo chimanga, komanso mavitamini K, A, D, E, taurine, chitsulo, mkuwa, manganese, zinki, omega-3 ndi omega-6 amino acid. Chidziwitso chiyenera kuyikidwa pazinthu zotere zotsimikizira kuti chakudyacho ndi choyenera komanso chovomerezeka pazakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku. Zakudya zonse zimagulitsidwa pansi pa dzina la opanga omwe amapanga zakudya zouma ndi zonyowa za ziweto.

Chakudya chachuma

Nthawi zambiri, chakudya chamtengo wapatali chimagulidwa kwa ziweto zawo ndi eni ake omwe amakhulupirira mwachimbulimbuli malonda omwe amapezeka paliponse otamanda mankhwalawa, komanso omwe amakakamizika kusunga ndalama. Akatswiri amalangiza kuti musatengeke kwambiri ndi chakudya choterocho ndikuchifananitsa ndi supu yachangu. Ngati mphaka wanu adya chakudya choterocho kwa nthawi yaitali, ndithudi adzakhala ndi vuto la m'mimba.

Maziko a zikuchokera chuma kalasi chakudya ndi yotsika mtengo dzinthu, ndipo nthawi zambiri si ngakhale mwachindunji amene. Nthawi zina pamndandanda wazosakaniza pamakhala mawu osamveka bwino komanso osamveka bwino: "njere ndi zinthu zochokera ku mbewu." Monga lamulo, kutanthauzira kotereku kumangobisa zonyansa zamakampani azakudya zomwe zili ndi zakudya zochepa.

Mutha kulingalira za gawo la nyama pazakudyazo popeza mawu akuti "zakudya za nkhuku", "nyama ndi zotumphukira zake", "chakudya chochokera ku nyama" pamndandanda wazosakaniza. Zinthu zotere ndi zinyalala za nyama (pansi ndi kukonzedwa milomo, khungu, zikhadabo, ziboda, offal ngakhale zotupa), ndipo iwo si wolemera mu mapuloteni. Gwero lalikulu la mapuloteni mu mankhwalawa ndi zigawo za masamba, makamaka chimanga cha gilateni (gilateni), mapuloteni a masamba a masamba, omwe amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi thupi la mphaka. Mavitamini ndi mchere samayimiridwanso bwino muzakudya zamagulu azachuma. Kuphatikiza apo, utoto, ma antioxidants, zoteteza, zokometsera, ndi zokometsera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazinthu zotere, zomwe zidayambira sizidatchulidwe, zomwe zikuwonetsa kuti siziri zachilengedwe, koma zoyambira.

Mwachidule, chakudya choterocho sichingatchulidwe chokwanira komanso chokwanira mwa njira iliyonse, koma amphaka omwe amadya zinthu zachilengedwe akhoza kuperekedwa ngati chithandizo ngati chosiyana. Pachifukwa ichi, chakudya chonyowa chonunkhira ndi choyenera kwambiri.

Kwa ambiri, zakudya zamagulu azachuma zimangogwirizana ndi zotsatsa zotsatsa za Friskies, Whiskas, Kitekat, Gourmet ndi Felix. Koma eni eni azachuma omwe amasamala za thanzi la ziweto zawo ayenera kudziwa kuti pali zinthu zina, mwachitsanzo:

• Cat Chow (yopangidwa ku USA, Russia, Hungary);
• Gemon (yopangidwa ku Italy);
• Purina One (yopangidwa ku USA, France, Italy, Russia);
• Stout (yopangidwa ku Russia);
• Perfect Fit (yopangidwa ku USA, Germany, Hungary, Russia).

Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti zakudya zambiri zamagulu azachuma, omwe ndi Felix, Friskies, Gourmet, Cat Chow, Pro Plan ndi Purina One, amapangidwa ndi kampani imodzi Nestle Purina Pat Care pansi pamitundu yosiyanasiyana.

Chakudya m'gulu ili chimagulitsidwa pa mtengo wa 160-380 rubles pa 1 kg.

Kudyetsa koyambirira

Chakudya chapamwamba pazabwino komanso mtengo wake chimasiyana ndi zinthu zamagulu azachuma osati kwambiri, koma mawu oti "premium" amasangalatsa eni ziweto za mustachioed. Komabe, ayenera kudziwa kuti gawo la nyama la zakudya zotere limayendetsedwanso ndi zinyalala, ndipo gwero la chakudya ndi chimanga ndi tirigu, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimayambitsa ziwengo mu nyama.

Mwachilungamo, tikuwona kuti kupezeka kwa gawo la nyama pano ndikwambiri kuposa chakudya chamagulu azachuma. Chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni a nyama kumawonjezeka, zomwe zimathandizira kuti chakudya chizikhala bwino. Gulu la vitamini-mineral limayimiridwa kwambiri muzinthu izi, ngakhale kuti chiyambi cha zotetezera ndi antioxidants ndizodziwika bwino.

Zakudya za kalasi iyi zimakhala pakati pakati pa chuma ndi katundu wapamwamba kwambiri. Opanga ena amayang'ana pazigawo zotsika mtengo za kapangidwe kake, ena amagwiritsa ntchito zopangira zomwe zimakhala zamtundu wapamwamba kwambiri. Izi zikufotokozera kusiyanasiyana kwamitundu yosiyanasiyana yazakudya zopatsa thanzi, zomwe ziyenera kupangitsa eni amphaka kuyang'ana mozama zambiri pazomwe zidayikidwa pa phukusi. Pankhani ya chiŵerengero cha mtengo / khalidwe, zakudya zotsatirazi zimawoneka zokongola kwambiri:

• Brit Premium (yopangidwa ku Czech Republic);
• Organix (yopangidwa ku Netherlands);
• Zolinga (zopangidwa ku Russia);
• Hill's (yopangidwa ku US ndi Netherlands);
• Eukanuba (yopangidwa ku Russia);
• Science Plan (yopangidwa ku Netherlands, Czech Republic).

Chifukwa cha kutsatsa kosalekeza, zakudya monga Pro Plan ndi Royal Canin zadziwikanso kwambiri. Iwo sali abwinoko komanso oipitsitsa kuposa omwe ali pamwambawa, komabe, kuweruza ndi ndemanga, mitengo yawo ndi yokwera kwambiri.

Pa avareji, mitengo ya chakudya cha premium imachokera ku ma ruble 170-480 pa 1 kg.

Chakudya chapamwamba kwambiri

Ubwino waukulu wa gulu lazakudyazi ndikuti "wopereka" wamkulu wa mapuloteni omwe ali mkati mwake ndi zinthu zanyama, osati zoyambira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chakudya chisavutike mosavuta ndi thupi la nyama. Chigawo cha nyama pano chikuimiridwa mwachindunji ndi nyama ya gulu loyamba, komanso zotuluka m'chiwindi, lilime, impso, ndi mtima.

Zipatso makamaka mpunga ndi oats, nthawi zina balere, mbatata angakhalepo zikuchokera. Zigawozi zimagayidwa mosavuta, sizikhala ngati allergenic monga chimanga ndi tirigu, zomwe zimapezeka kwambiri pazachuma komanso zinthu zapamwamba kwambiri. Chimanga cha gluten, chomwe chikuchulukirachulukira kuti chimayambitsa kusamvana kwa amphaka, chikusowa.

Zowonjezera zokometsera muzakudya zapamwamba kwambiri ndizoletsedwa, koma phale la vitamini ndi mineral limaperekedwa mochititsa chidwi. Vitamini E ndi zotumphukira za rosemary zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ma antioxidants achilengedwe komanso zoteteza. Ngati mndandanda wa zosakaniza mulibe zambiri za chiyambi cha zotetezera ndi antioxidants, chakudya n'zokayikitsa kuti molondola yodziwika ngati wapamwamba-umafunika mankhwala.

Chakudya cha gulu la anthu osankhika ndi pafupifupi ofanana mu khalidwe. Kusiyana kungadziwonetsere mu kuchuluka kwa zigawo za nyama, seti ya chimanga. Pamndandanda wazakudya zamphaka zapamwamba kwambiri, zomwe zikuwonetsa kuchuluka kwamitengo / mtundu, zisanu zotsatirazi zikuwonekera:

• Fitmin For Life (yopangidwa ku Czech Republic);
• Brit Care (yopangidwa ku Czech Republic);
• Msonkhano (wopangidwa ku Canada);
• Blitz (yopangidwa ku Russia);
• Leonardo (wopangidwa ku Germany).

Mtengo wa zinthu za kalasi iyi umachokera ku 180 mpaka 550 rubles pa 1 kg.

M'gulu lazakudya zapamwamba kwambiri, zakudya zamankhwala ndi zakudya zimakhala ndi malo osiyana. Amalowetsedwa muzakudya za amphaka motsogozedwa ndi veterinarian. Zogulitsa izi zimaphatikizansopo zakudya za hypoallergenic, zomwe zimagawidwa m'mitundu ingapo kutengera chomwe chimayambitsa kusamvana kwa nyama.

Kwa amphaka omwe akudwala matenda osagwirizana ndi mapuloteni a masamba (gluten), zakudya zapangidwa zomwe siziphatikiza tirigu ndi chimanga. M'malo mwa iwo, monga lamulo, mpunga umalowetsedwa mu kapangidwe kake, nthawi zina - oats, mapira. Popanga zina mwazakudyazi, palibe chimanga chilichonse.

Ziweto zomwe sizingathe kulekerera mapuloteni a nyama zimagulidwa zakudya za hypoallergenic, zomwe zilibe nkhuku, ng'ombe, kapena nyama ya nkhumba. Njira ina ndi mwanawankhosa, bakha, kalulu, nsomba za salimoni, hering'i - mankhwalawa ndi osavuta kugaya, amachititsa kuti munthu asagwirizane nawo nthawi zina.

Kwa nyama zomwe sizingathe kulekerera mkaka, mazira, yisiti, zakudya zapadera zimagulitsidwa, ma CD awo amalembedwa "ndi chiwerengero chochepa cha zigawo zikuluzikulu".

Zakudya zonse

Chakudya chokwanira ndi chabwino chomwe mungasankhire chiweto chanu. Poyamba, adasankhidwa kukhala apamwamba kwambiri, koma masiku ano amawonedwa ngati gulu lapadera. Zosakaniza zomwe zimapanga chakudyachi ndi zamtengo wapatali komanso zopatsa thanzi, ndizofanana ndi zakudya zomwe anthu amazidziwa bwino. Izi zimapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wapadera womwe umakulolani kuti mupulumutse zinthu zonse zothandiza za zigawo zake, digestibility ya chakudya ndi osachepera 80%.

Pakuphatikizidwa kwa holistics, simupeza zotuluka, zili ndi nyama yokha (iyenera kukhala yatsopano komanso / kapena yopanda madzi), kapena zingwe za nsomba. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nyama ndi yochititsa chidwi kwambiri, ndipo sizowoneka bwino, monga muzakudya zotsika mtengo. Palibe malo muzakudya zoterezi za chimanga, tirigu, ufa wa tirigu, chimanga cha gluten, mbatata ndi mapuloteni a nandolo.

Mbatata, nandolo, mphodza, mpunga ndi "udindo" pazakudya pano, ndipo gulu la zipatso, mabulosi ndi masamba ndi omwe amayang'anira fiber. Zosungira zonse ndi zachilengedwe.

Holistics imadziwika ndi gawo labwino komanso losiyanasiyana la vitamini ndi mineral. Tipeza zambiri mwazinthu zofunikira pano kuposa zakudya zina, ngakhale zomwe zili mgulu lapamwamba kwambiri. Zina mwazodziwika bwino nthawi zambiri zimatchulidwa motere:

• Acana (yopangidwa ku Canada);
• Carnilove (yopangidwa ku Czech Republic);
• Go Natural (yopangidwa ku Canada);
• Grandorf (yopangidwa ku Belgium, France);
• Farmina N&D (yopangidwa ku Italy, Serbia).

Mtundu wa Acana, womwe nthawi zambiri umaposa mitundu yonse ya mavoti, ndiwotsogolera pazambiri zabwino. Mapangidwe a mankhwalawa ndi otseguka momwe angathere, kuchuluka kwa zigawo zikuluzikulu zonse kumasonyezedwa nthawi zonse.

Mtengo wa chakudya cha mphaka wamtundu uliwonse ukhoza kusiyana kwambiri, zina zimagulitsidwa pamtengo wowonekera bwino.

Pafupifupi, 1 kg ya mankhwala imatha kuwononga ma ruble 620-900.

Zomwe muyenera kudziwa za kapangidwe ka chakudya

Posankha chakudya cha chiweto chanu, choyamba, werengani mosamala kapangidwe ka mankhwala, kukumbukira kuti gulu la mankhwala si lolondola nthawi zonse. Chonde dziwani kuti zosakaniza zandandalikidwa mu dongosolo lotsika la kuchuluka kwake pazogulitsa. Ndizofunikira kuti gawo la nyama lilembedwe poyamba, chifukwa mphaka ndi wodya nyama komanso wodya nyama, ayenera kudya nyama nthawi zonse. Ngati dzina la gawo la nyama muzowuma limatsogozedwa ndi mawu oti "dehydrated", mungakhale otsimikiza kuti pali ndendende momwe zikuwonetsedwa. Kusapezeka kwa mawu osankhidwa kumasonyeza kuti mndandanda wa zosakaniza uli ndi kuchuluka kwa nyama yaiwisi, koma zoona zake zimakhala zocheperapo katatu (popanga chakudya chouma, nyamayo imasanduka nthunzi). Ndibwino ngati pali zambiri zomwe zimatchedwa nyama ya nyama yomwe ilipo mu chakudya, mwachitsanzo, nyama ya nkhuku, ng'ombe, nyama ya kalulu, ndi zina zotero.

Mbewu zambewu muzochulukira siziyenera kukhala zochuluka, mphaka sazifuna kwenikweni. Mulimonsemo, ndikofunikira kuti mbewu sizikhala pamalo oyamba pamndandanda wazosakaniza. Mpunga, oatmeal amakondedwa, chifukwa amatengedwa ndi thupi la nyama kuposa mbewu zina. Ndi bwino ngati aperekedwa mu mawonekedwe athunthu, osati kuphwanya ufa. Gwero labwino lazakudya ndi mbatata, kuphatikiza zotsekemera.

Yang'anani mosamalitsa zambiri zokhudzana ndi zopangira. Ngati zosakaniza izi ndi zapamwamba komanso zathanzi, mwachitsanzo, chiwindi, chilonda, mapapo, opanga ndithudi adzatsegula chidziwitso ichi. Ngati muwona zolemba zachinsinsi "zochokera ku nyama", mutha kukhala otsimikiza kuti pakati pazigawozo panali malo opangira nyanga, ziboda, mafupa, milomo, mitu, mitsempha, magazi ndi zinyalala zina zosasangalatsa, zomwe zida zake zothandiza ndi. pafupi ndi zero.

Kukhalapo kwa zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba, lactobacilli, ma probiotics, zomera mu chakudya cha mphaka ndizolandiridwa, makamaka ngati zigawozi zimaperekedwa mu mawonekedwe athunthu, ndiye kuti, osati ufa kapena kukonzedwa kukhala phala. Zosakaniza zomwe zatchulidwazi zimawonjezeredwa ku chakudya kuti chikhale cholimba.

Mafuta a nyama m'zakudya zotsika mtengo amakhala otsika kwambiri. Ngati mafuta ali apamwamba kwambiri, phukusili lidzawonetsa kuti ndi nsomba kapena nkhuku (osati mbalame!).

Osafunikira fillers monga chimanga ndi tirigu gilateni, chimanga ufa, mapadi ufa. Amphaka ambiri, nthawi zambiri amayambitsa chifuwa.

Zosungirako ndi antioxidants monga BHA, BHT, ethoxyquin, propyl gallate, propylene glycol ndi poizoni ndipo ziyenera kukhala zochepa. Zakudya za osankhika zimakhala ndi mankhwala otetezeka achilengedwe - mavitamini E, C, citric acid, zowonjezera zitsamba, mafuta. Komabe, ngakhale chinthu chokwera mtengo nthawi zambiri chimagwiritsa ntchito ethoxyquin yapoizoni, yotchulidwa muzolemba zapadziko lonse lapansi ngati E324.

Kusiyana pakati pa zinthuzo, zomwe zikuphatikizidwa muzakudya, ndi zotsatira za kukonza kwawo ziyenera kuganiziridwa. Mwachitsanzo, nsomba (yomwe ili ndi tanthauzo lake) imalandiridwa, koma ufa wa nsomba ndi wosafunika: nthawi zambiri umapangidwa kuchokera kumutu, michira, ndi mafupa. Mazira amakondedwa kuposa mazira a ufa, ndipo balere wathunthu ndi mpunga ndi zathanzi kuposa zophwanyidwa.

Kukhalapo kwa mapuloteni a soya kapena soya sikofunikira - mankhwalawa nthawi zambiri amayambitsa ziwengo amphaka. Yisiti imakhalanso ndi allergenic ndipo imawonjezedwa kuti iwonjezere voliyumu ndikupatsa chakudya chokometsera chowoneka bwino. Utoto womwe umapangitsa kuti chakudya ukhale wosangalatsa ukhoza kukopa mwiniwake wa mphaka, ndi wopanda pake kwa nyamayo.

Werengani zambiri za Guaranteed Analysis pa phukusi lazinthu zomanga thupi, mafuta, chakudya, CHIKWANGWANI, phulusa, madzi. Chonde dziwani kuti gwero labwino kwambiri la mapuloteni ndi nyama yankhuku, ng'ombe, nyama yamwana wang'ombe, masewera, mazira, ndi zina zapamwamba kwambiri.

Kuti timveke bwino, tiyeni tifanizire kapangidwe ka zakudya zouma komanso zotsika mtengo kwambiri. Yoyamba idzakhala ndi mapuloteni ndi masamba a masamba, dzinthu (zambiri), nyama (pang'ono pang'ono), nyama ndi mafupa a mafupa, osadziwika bwino, zokopa - zokometsera zomwe amphaka amakonda, koma zimakhala zovulaza kwa iwo, osokoneza bongo.

Muzakudya zabwino kwambiri mudzawona zinthu zokhutiritsa monga nyama yamwanawankhosa yatsopano komanso yopanda madzi m'thupi, nyama ya bakha yopanda mafupa, mafuta a bakha, mafuta amwanawankhosa, mafuta a herring, pollock fillet, hering'i, nsomba yachikasu, nsomba. Nyama ilipo ndendende mu kuchuluka komwe kwasonyezedwa pa phukusi. Pamndandanda wazosakaniza mupezanso mazira, mphodza zofiira, nandolo, nandolo zobiriwira, nyemba zouma, kelp, dzungu, masamba a sipinachi, kaloti, maapulo, mapeyala, cranberries, mizu ya chicory, dandelion, ginger, masamba a peppermint, mbewu za chitowe, turmeric, galu-rose zipatso. "Macrackers" okoma amadziwika ndi mtundu wa bulauni wachilengedwe, palibe malo a utoto pazinthu zotere.

Malamulo odyetsa amphaka

Mphaka yemwe amazolowera kudya nthawi zonse chakudya chokonzekera sayenera kupatsidwa bere losangalatsa kapena nyama yophika. Iye sangakane, ndithudi, koma mimba yake idzavutika chifukwa chithandizo chanu chidzapangitsa kusalinganika m'chigayo chake. Muyenera kusankha chinthu chimodzi - chakudya chokonzekera kapena zinthu zachilengedwe.

Ndikoyenera kugula chakudya chouma ndi chonyowa kuchokera kwa wopanga yemweyo, zinthuzo ziyenera kukhala zamtundu wamtengo womwewo. Simuyenera kuchitira mphaka wanu ndi chakudya chapamwamba m'mawa, komanso madzulo ndi chakudya chapamwamba kwambiri. Ngati mukufuna kusintha kadyedwe kanu, chitani pang'onopang'ono, pang'onopang'ono kusakaniza chakudya chatsopano mu chakudya chachizolowezi cha chiweto chanu kwa sabata imodzi. Onjezani kuchuluka kwa chakudya chatsopano ndi 1/6 ya chakudya tsiku lililonse, momwemonso kuchepetsa gawo lazakudya lomwe mwasankha kutaya.

Ngati mphaka, wozolowera chakudya chapamwamba, pazifukwa zina adapezeka kuti alibe chakudya chamadzulo, ndipo palibe njira yogulira chakudya chamtengo wapatali, musathamangire molunjika kusitolo yayikulu ya maola XNUMX kuti mukagule zotsika mtengo - tsiku lotsatira nyamayo imatsimikizika. kudwala matenda otsekula m'mimba. Msiyeni agone bwino ndi njala, koma wathanzi.

Nthawi zonse m'mbale ya mphaka muzikhala madzi abwino. Chonde dziwani kuti amphaka ali ndi ludzu lochepa. Ngati muwona kuti chiweto chanu sichikumwa mokwanira, zilowerereni chakudya chouma kapena m'malo mwake ndi chakudya chonyowa.