Nyongolotsi mu agalu: zizindikiro ndi mankhwala

Mitundu ya mphutsi za agalu ndi momwe zimawonekera

Pali mitundu iwiri ya nyongolotsi zomwe zimatha kupatsira chiweto chanu:

• M'matumbo - tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timachulukana ndikukhala m'matumbo;

• Matumbo ndi tizirombo tomwe timatha kukhala mu mtima, maso, mapapo, kapena pansi pa khungu.

Nkosavuta kutenga mphutsi. Amapatsirana kuchokera kwa mayi kupita kwa mwana m’mimba kapena kudzera mu mkaka wa mayi. Nyongolotsi zimathanso kufalikira mwa kumeza ndowe, tizilombo toluma, kapena kudya zakudya zomwe zili ndi kachilombo kapena nyama zina zomwe zili ndi kachilomboka. Ma helminthiases ena mwa agalu amatha kudziwika pofufuza ndowe.

Nyongolotsi zimasiyanasiyana kukula kwake komanso momwe zimakhudzira chiweto chanu.

Tiyeni tione mwatsatanetsatane mitundu ya helminths mwa agalu yomwe ingapezeke.

Nematodes mu agalu

Nematodes ndi matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha mphutsi za agalu.

Nematodes mwa agalu amawoneka ngati tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tozungulira, toyambira kutalika kwa 1 mm mpaka ma centimita angapo.

Cestodes - tapeworms mu agalu

Izi ndi mphutsi zazitali mwa galu zomwe zimaoneka ngati Zakudyazi. Amatchedwa tapeworms kapena flatworms. Amakhala m'gulu la cestodes ndipo amatha kukula mpaka mamita angapo m'litali.

Trematodes mu agalu

Izi ndi helminths mu agalu okhudzana ndi flukes. Chosiyanitsa chawo ndi thupi laling'ono lathyathyathya lokhala ngati tsamba komanso loyamwa lalikulu pamutu. Kukula kwa tiziromboti kumatha kukhala kuchokera ku 0,1 mm mpaka 10 cm. Nthawi zambiri pamakhala ma suckers awiri - mutu ndi m'mimba. Ndi iwo, tizilomboti timamatira ku khoma la chiwalo.

Kodi agalu amadwala bwanji helminths?

Ziweto zimatha kutenga mphutsi zikadya mazira kapena mphutsi zopezeka mu ndowe kapena dothi. Angathenso kutenga matenda ndi utitiri umene amatafuna pa ubweya wawo. Mphutsi ikatha kuswa n’kudziphatika ku khoma la m’mimba, kumene imatha kukula n’kukhala munthu wamkulu.

Njira ina imene galu angatengere matendawa ndiyo kupatsira tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kuchokera kwa mayi kupita kwa mwana. Mphutsi zimatha kusuntha kudzera mu placenta panthawi yomwe ali ndi pakati, kapena mphutsi zimatha kudyetsedwa ndi ana pamene akuyamwitsa.

Komanso, matenda ndi helminths mu agalu akhoza kuchitika pamene akudya wapakatikati khamu - utitiri, udzudzu, chule, makoswe.

Magwero a matenda

Tizilombo ta m'matumbo timapatsirana kuchokera kwa galu wina kupita kwa wina ndi zomwe zimatchedwa kuti fecal-oral transmission. Mazira a nyongolotsi amaikira ndi nyama yomwe ili ndi kachilombo kudzera m’ndowe ndi kulowa m’matumbo a chiweto china kudzera m’kamwa. Ngakhale kuti simungawone mazira kapena ndowe, pangakhale zina mu udzu, kuyembekezera kuti galu wanu adutse. Idzanyambita zikhadabo zake ndi kumeza mazira, amene adzaswa ndi kuyamba kukula.

Tizilombo ta tepi timapatsira agalu kudzera mu utitiri womezedwa mwangozi.

Mazira a nyongolotsi mwa agalu amathanso kukhala pachovalacho, ndipo chiwetocho chimakhala choyambitsa matenda.

Chinanso chonyamula tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi tizilombo toyamwa magazi. Udzudzu ukhoza kunyamula mphutsi za Dirofilaria.

Nsomba zodwala, mbewa, achule amathanso kukhala gwero la helminthic invasion.

Kuchokera pa izi, n'zoonekeratu kuti agalu omwe amatha kutenga kachilomboka ndi agalu omwe amanyamula chinachake pamsewu, amadya ndowe kapena kumwa m'madzi, kusaka makoswe ndi achule, ndipo samachiritsidwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi udzudzu.

Kutentha ndi chinyezi ndizofunikira kwambiri pakukula kwa helminths. Choncho, pali kuthekera kwakukulu kwa matenda ndi nyongolotsi m'madera otentha, ndipo ku Russia - m'madera otentha.

Zizindikiro ndi zizindikiro za mphutsi mwa agalu

Tiyeni tifufuze mwatsatanetsatane zizindikiro zomwe zingasonyeze kukhalapo kwa helminthic invasion mwa agalu.

Chimodzi mwa zizindikiro zodziwika bwino pa ziweto ndi chifuwaNthawi zambiri ndi chizindikiro cha nyongolotsi zamtima, koma zimatha kukhalanso chizindikiro cha nyongolotsi ndi nyongolotsi.

Zinyama zokhala ndi mphutsi zamtima zidzakhala ndi chifuwa chowuma komanso chokhazikika, mosiyana ndi chifuwa chachibadwa, chidzakhala champhamvu komanso chosasinthika. Kumayambiriro kwa kukula kwa heartworms, nyama akhoza kutsokomola pambuyo ntchito. Izi zimachitika chifukwa chakuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timasamukira m'mapapo, motero timalepheretsa mpweya wa okosijeni m'magazi. Odwala omwe ali ndi mphutsi zozungulira amayamba kutsokomola pamene mphutsi zimasamukira kumapapu. Ponena za agalu omwe ali ndi nyongolotsi, kutsokomola kumakhala chizindikiro kokha ngati pali tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndipo matendawa akupita patsogolo.

Ngati galu wanu akutsokomola, m'pofunika kuonana ndi veterinarian wanu mwamsanga. Nthawi zambiri agalu amatha kupha njoka zam'mimba mwa agalu ndipo nthawi zina amapha.

Ngati chinyama chatero kusanza, ichi chingakhalenso chizindikiro cha helminthic invasion. Zimadziwika kuti mtundu uliwonse wa nyongolotsi ungayambitse kusanza. Ziweto zokhala ndi flukes zimatha kusanza ndi zinthu zachikasu zobiriwira, pomwe agalu okhala ndi tizirombo tozungulira kapena riboni, nyongolotsi zimatha kusanza ndi nyongolotsi zowoneka.

Kumbukirani kuti kusanza kungayambitsidwenso ndi matenda ena, monga kusanza.

Zimbudzi zofewa komanso kutsekula m'mimba zimatha chifukwa cha matenda a nyongolotsi.

Kutsekula m'mimba kwa nthawi yaitali kumayambitsa kutaya madzi m'thupi, choncho ndikofunika kwambiri kukaonana ndi veterinarian mwamsanga.

Kuphatikiza pa kutsekula m'mimba, agalu omwe ali ndi nyongolotsi amatha kukhala ndi magazi m'chimbudzi chawo. Kutsekula m'mimba kwamagazi kumayamba pamene matendawa akuchulukirachulukira ndipo amatha kuyambitsa kutsekula m'mimba kosatha ngati sikunachiritsidwe.

Waulesi komanso wosagwira ntchitokuposa nthawi zonse, agalu amatha kugwidwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Nyongolotsi zimayambitsa kusowa kwa mphamvu kumeneku potenga magazi ndi zakudya m'thupi.

Hookworm ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tomwe timawopsa kwambiri moti timayambitsa kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi mwa ana agalu.

Chizindikiro china chofala cha matenda agalu ndi mawonekedwe otupa kapena otupa. Matendawa nthawi zambiri amayambitsa chizindikiro ichi.

Maonekedwe amiphika amawonekera kwambiri mwa ana agalu omwe ali ndi mphutsi kuchokera kwa amayi awo.

Si ana agalu okha amene amakhala ndi chizindikiro ichi. Agalu akuluakulu amathanso kukhala ndi mawonekedwe amiphika.

Ngati muwona mwadzidzidzi kusintha kwa njala chiweto chanu chikhoza kukhala ndi matenda a roundworms. Agalu nthawi zambiri amataya chilakolako chawo kapena, nthawi zina, amakula mwadzidzidzi.

Pa nthawi yomweyi, ngakhale kuti galuyo ali ndi chilakolako chowonjezeka, amatayabe thupi.

Ngati galu wanu akuwonetsa zizindikiro kuwonda msanga, akhoza kukhala ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kapena chikwapu. Izi zimachitika chifukwa chakuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timadya zakudya zomwe zili m'mimba. Monga tanenera kale, kuwonda kumatha kuchitika ngakhale kuti galu wanu amakonda kudya kapena akuwonjezeka.

Chiweto chathanzi chiyenera kukhala ndi chovala chonyezimira. Ngati a ubweya umayamba kutha ndikuuma, Ndikoyenera kuyang'ana chinyama cha kukhalapo kwa helminths. Kuthothoka tsitsi kapena kuwoneka kwa totupa kumatha kukhalanso chizindikiro cha nyongolotsi.

Agalu owonetsa zizindikiro za kuyabwa pakhunguakhoza kukhudzidwa kwambiri ndi tiziromboti. Kutupa koteroko kungaphatikizepo zidzolo ndi kuyabwa kwambiri.

Izi zikutifikitsa ku chizindikiro china cha nyongolotsi mwa agalu − kuyabwa kumatako. Nthawi zambiri zimayamba chifukwa cha zovuta ndi tiziwalo timene timatulutsa kumatako, koma nyama zokhala ndi mphutsi nthawi zina zimapaka pansi kuti zichotse kuyabwa pamalo ano. Komanso, galu wanu akhoza kuluma kapena kunyambita malo pansi pa mchira.

Mphutsi zina, monga tapeworms, zingawoneke ngati zigawo zazing'ono zosuntha mu ubweya kapena malo ozungulira anus. Roundworms nthawi zambiri amawonekera pachimbudzi.. Zidzawoneka ngati njere za mpunga kapena, ngati zouma, zidzawoneka ngati timitengo tachikasu tolimba.

kutanthauzira

Malingana ndi malo oswana a mphutsi za galu, zizindikiro ndi zosokoneza m'thupi zidzasiyana.

Diagnostics

Ngati galu wanu agwira tizilombo ta tepi, mukhoza kuona njere zonga mpunga mu chopondapo chake. Matenda a mtima ndi ovuta kuwazindikira mpaka matendawa atakula kwambiri.

Ngati mukuganiza kuti chiweto chanu chikudwala mphutsi za m'mimba, choyamba chiyenera kukhala kutenga chitsanzo cha ndowe monga momwe adalangizira ndi veterinarian wanu kuti mudziwe mtundu wa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

Zizindikiro zosalunjika za kuwukira kwa helminthic mwa agalu zitha kuwoneka pakuyezetsa magazi - kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi, kuwonjezeka kwa eosinophils.

Nthawi zina helminths imatha kuwoneka pa ultrasound - mu mtima kapena m'matumbo.

Tsoka ilo, palibe phunziro langwiro lodziwira kukhalapo kwa nyongolotsi, ndipo, nthawi zambiri, timaphunzira za kukhalapo kwa iwo m'thupi pamene akuwonekera okha - mu ndowe, masanzi, pa ubweya kapena pa ultrasound.

Kodi ndi mmene kuchitira mphutsi agalu?

Kuti muchotse nyongolotsi ndi nyongolotsi, muyenera kupatsa chiweto chanu mankhwala amkamwa otchedwa Pirantel ndi Fenbendazole. M`pofunika fufuzani kachiwiri matenda 3-6 miyezi kwa nthawi inayake pambuyo chiyambi cha mankhwala.

Pyrantel ndi yabwino kupatsa ana agalu kuyambira milungu inayi yakubadwa.

Mankhwala opangidwa ndi praziquantel amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza mphutsi za tapeworm.

Flukes amatha kuphedwa ndi fenbendazole kapena febantel. Mankhwalawa amatha masiku asanu ndipo ayenera kubwerezedwa pambuyo pa milungu itatu.

Kuchiza mphutsi mwa agalu si ntchito yophweka. M`pofunika mosamalitsa kusunga mlingo wa mankhwala ndi pafupipafupi makonzedwe. Njira yamankhwala imayikidwa ndi veterinarian, malingana ndi mtundu wa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, chikhalidwe cha galu ndi momwe amachitira.

Mphutsi mwa ana agalu

Zizindikiro ndi zizindikiro za mphutsi mwa galu nthawi zambiri zimawonekera kwambiri kusiyana ndi galu wamkulu.

Ana agalu ambiri amadwala matendawa asanabadwe ndipo ngakhale alimi oweta ndi m’malo ogona amayesetsa kuthetsa vutoli, amayamba kutenga kachilomboka akafika kunyumba ndi mabanja awo atsopano. Ndikofunika kuti banja lililonse lomwe limapeza mwana wagalu watsopano lidziwe kuopsa kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a m'mimba ndipo nthawi yomweyo amayamba kuyang'anira ndi kupewa ndi ulendo wopita kwa veterinarian.

Nyongolotsi zomwe zili m'chimbudzi cha galu zimatha kuwoneka mosiyana malinga ndi mtundu wa nyongolotsi. Ana ambiri amabadwa ndi mphutsi zozungulira m'matumbo awo. Mazira amasamutsidwa kuchokera ku minofu ya mayi kupita kwa mwana wagalu (pa tsiku la 42 la mimba), kapena pamene galu amwa mkaka kuchokera kwa mayi. Mazirawo akaswa m’matumbo, amatulutsa mphutsi zimene zimaloŵa m’kati mwa khoma la m’matumbo kenako n’kusamuka. Moyo umatha pamene mphutsi zatsokomola ndi galuyo ndiyeno nkumezedwanso. Pamapeto pake, mphutsizo zimayamba kutulutsa mphutsi ndipo zimatha kupezeka pachimbudzi. Akamwedwa, amatha kupatsiranso galu kapena ziweto zina.

Mazira a Roundworm ali ndi chipolopolo cholimba chomwe chimawalola kukhala ndi moyo zaka zambiri m'chilengedwe.

Mphutsi za tapeworm zimafalikira kwa ana agalu ndi utitiri. Akameza utitiri, nyongolotsiyo imatha kumera m'matumbo aang'ono. Tizilombozi sizimayambitsa zizindikiro. Izi zingayambitse kukwiya kuzungulira anus, zomwe zimapangitsa galu kuti azisisita pansi.

Nyongolotsi, nyongolotsi, nyongolotsi, ndi coccidia protozoa (tizilombo tating'onoting'ono ta cell imodzi) ndi zowopsa kwa kagaluyo. Zizindikiro za matenda a galu ndi awa:

• Kusadya zakudya m'thupi

• kuwonda

• ubweya woyipa

• Kutaya chimbudzi kapena kutsegula m'mimba

• Anemia

• Mimba yozungulira

• Chibayo (pazovuta kwambiri)

• Kuthamanga.

Ana agalu amatha kutenga kachilomboka koma osawonetsa zizindikiro. Mazira a nyongolotsi amakhalabe ogona ndiyeno amayamba kugwira chiweto chikakhala ndi nkhawa. Ngati mayi ali ndi nyongolotsi kapena mbozi zozungulira, zimatha kuyambika mochedwa kwambiri ndikupha mwanayo.

Chithandizo cha mphutsi mwa ana agalu chimadalira mtundu wa nyongolotsi. Mphutsi zozungulira zimayamba pakatha milungu iwiri, kenako masiku 2 aliwonse mpaka masabata awiri mutasiya kuyamwa ndi fenbendazole/febantel, pyrantel. Ndiye mwezi uliwonse anthelmintic mpaka zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi. Mphutsi za tapeworm ziyenera kuthandizidwa pambuyo poti utitiri wakhazikika. Chithandizo ndi praziquantel pamodzi ndi utitiri kapena nsabwe.

Kupewa mphutsi mwa agalu

Nyongolotsi za agalu ndizosavuta kupewa kuposa kuchiza.

Pofuna kupewa, tikulimbikitsidwa kupereka ndowe za mazira a helminth kamodzi pachaka. Monga lamulo, m'chaka, ndowe zimasonkhanitsidwa mu njira yapadera ndikufufuzidwa mu labotale kuti mukhale ndi mazira a helminth.

Matenda a tapeworm nthawi zambiri amayamba chifukwa cha ziweto zomwe zimadya utitiri. Chifukwa chake, kusunga galu wanu wopanda tizilombo toyipa ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yopewera matenda.

Pali zinthu zingapo zopewera utitiri pamutu komanso m'kamwa zomwe zimathandiza kupha utitiri motero zimaletsa kufalikira kwa tepiworm. Mankhwala amatha kuchitidwa ndi madontho pazinyalala - Advantix, Inspector, Stronghold ndi ena, ndi mapiritsi mkati - Bravecto, Simparica, Neksgard ndi makolala ochokera kumakampani osiyanasiyana.

Hookworms ndi whipworms nthawi zambiri zimafalitsidwa kudzera mu ndowe. Tsukani ndowe za galu wanu nthawi zonse ndi kumuteteza ku udzu ndi ndowe zina za galu.

Kuyambira 2 months, nthawi zonse kuchita mankhwala a helminths. Nyongolotsi za agalu zimachitika kamodzi kotala, posankha piritsi malinga ndi kulemera kwa galu. Pamsika pali mitundu ingapo ya mankhwala anthelmintics, ndipo tikulimbikitsidwa kuti muwasinthe nthawi ndi nthawi, m'malo motenga omwewo moyo wawo wonse. Kukonzekera kwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo - Canikquantel, Endogard, Milbemax, Praziquantel, Poliverkan, Drontal, Cestal ndi ena. Musanagwiritse ntchito mankhwalawa, werengani malangizo ndi mlingo.

Kupewa matenda a heartworm ndikotetezeka komanso kotchipa kuposa kuchiza, motero mankhwala oletsa amaperekedwa kwa ana agalu atangokwanitsa milungu 8. Zambiri mwazoletsa za heartworm zimagwiranso ntchito polimbana ndi tizirombo ta m'mimba. Mankhwala oletsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a mtima amapezeka m'kamwa komanso m'magulu. Ndi bwino kuwagwiritsa ntchito pamwezi pa nthawi ya ntchito zouluka tizilombo.

Kodi ndizotheka kutenga mphutsi kuchokera kwa galu kupita kwa munthu?

Nyongolotsi zimafalikira kuchokera kwa galu kupita kwa munthu kudzera mwa kuyandikira kwambiri komanso kusatsata njira zaukhondo. Komabe, ndi bwino kukumbukira kuti majeremusi agalu sasangalala kukhala mwa munthu ndikulowa mwangozi. Ena amafa, ena amaundana ndikudikirira mphindi yochoka m'thupi la munthu.

Kuti musatenge matenda a helminths, ndikwanira kutsatira malamulo osavuta a ukhondo. Nthawi zonse muzisamba m’manja mukagwira galu kapena ndowe zake, musapsompsone kapena kulola chiweto chanu kunyambita kumaso kwanu, komanso musagone ndi nyama pakama panu. Aphunzitseni ana momwe angatsatire njira zaukhondozi. Ana ang'onoang'ono ndi makanda amakhala odzipatula kwa galu kwathunthu mpaka chithandizo cha tizilombo tachitika.

Ngati muli m'munda, valani magolovesi ndi nsapato ngati chitetezo. Pakhungu pasakhale mabala otseguka kapena zokanda.

Helminths mu agalu: mwachidule

1. Nyongolotsi ndi kupatuka kwakukulu paumoyo.

2. Zizindikiro za helminthic invasion zidzadalira mtundu wa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi chiwerengero chawo m'thupi. Chofala kwambiri ndi kuchepa thupi, kulakalaka kudya molakwika, kusanza, kutsekula m'mimba komanso kutsika kwa malaya.

3. Mphutsi zambiri, kuphatikizapo zozungulira, tapeworms, hookworms, ndi whipworms, zimakhala m'matumbo.

4. Pali njira zambiri zotetezeka zochepetsera galu wanu - mapiritsi, kuyimitsidwa, madontho akufota. Mwamsanga mphutsizo zitatha, mwamsanga chiweto chanu chidzakhala chathanzi ndikumva bwino.

5. Njira yabwino yotetezera chiweto chanu ndikuteteza tizirombo tonyamula tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, kuphatikizapo utitiri ndi udzudzu, ndikusunga nyumba ndi bwalo mwaukhondo.

Mayankho a mafunso omwe amafunsidwa nthawi zambiri

Sources:

1. Ruth McPith, DVM. Matenda a m'mimba mwa agalu http://www.pethealthnetwork.com/dog-health/dog-diseases-conditions-az/intestinal-parasites-dogs.

2. Dubina, IN Maupangiri ozindikiritsa ma carnivorous helminthiases: ovomerezeka. GUV MCHI RB, 2008.

3. Yatusevich, AI Veterinary and medical parasitology: (Encyclopedic reference book), 2001.